 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel, Explore Education. I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, S.S. Khanna Galsri College, University of Alhava and nowadays I am discussing with you all the concept of human rights education in which we have already discussed the rights of children with respect to international perspective as well as Indian perspective. Now it is the turn of rights of women. So the C.Daw convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women is the most important international convention on the rights of women. So here I am with this document with you all. So the lecture will be bilingual as usual and it must be knowable to all of us that this is a very important convention called the women. So let's start. C.Daw. If you are related to women, related to girl child or related to gender, any article will be read, it often mentions C.Daw. Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women can also be said, but it can be said as a convention. It can be said as a convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women. This is the full form. This is the abbreviation. And look at the start of it. You should know now. It has been talking for so many days. You should know that UDHR in 1948, your Universal Declaration of Human Rights has been working since then. He is talking about human rights. So he said that vulnerable groups like for children, he talked about the life of children and their childhood. Similarly, women are also vulnerable groups. There are many of them. You are a victim of poverty. All over the world, throughout the globe. It is not that only in India, it happens. It happens almost everywhere. So this is why a convention was made because it was found that the UDHR is still unable to protect women's rights. So it was specially made separately. So let's know. The United Nations has helped to build a structure of internationally agreed strategies, standards, programs and goals to advance the status of women worldwide. The United Nations has helped a lot to make such an international initiative, make views, make human rights, make programs, so that we can improve the status of women in the whole world. They can be advanced. The cornerstone of that structure is the convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women adopted by the United Nations General Assembly 1979-1989. In 1999, it was adopted. So it has been adopted by the convention for 24 years. Often described as the international bill of rights. It is often called international bill of rights for women. This convention defines the meaning of discrimination against women. First of all, it tells us who will be called discrimination. Where do women feel, feel, and establishes legal obligations for state parties to end such discrimination? State parties, that means all those who are establishing it, all of them are from the state. For them, they said, established, established, those legal obligations that you will have to accept, you will do all this so that discrimination can be reduced. So what is he doing first? He defines discrimination, then he is telling the way of reducing discrimination. Similarly, as the convention on the elimination of United Conventions on the Rights of Children, CRC, he first defined the child, then he told us how the child will be protected. So the Millennium Declaration of the United Nations came, on September 8, 2000, he said that heads of state and government consider equal rights and opportunities of women and men and the rights of women and men to live their lives and raise their children in dignity, free from hunger and right, and free from the fear of violence, oppression, or injustice as fundamental values essential to international relations in the 21st century. And resolve to combat all forms of discrimination. And to implement the convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women and men, and to implement the convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women, the 1948 UDHR constitutes the first international instrument to detail the rights and freedom of individuals. Since its adoption, the UN has worked to translate the principles of the Universal Declaration into international treaties that protect specific rights. The Charter's vision of equality and on discrimination, and the many international legal provisions that guarantee these values proved insufficient to ensure women's equal enjoyment of international human rights. In 1969, the international community adopted the Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women. Which expressed concern that despite progress that had been made in human rights, considerable discrimination against women continued to exist. The non-binding declaration set the stage for the liberation and adoption in 1971 of the convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women. The convention brings together in a single legally binding instrument provisions requiring the elimination of discrimination on the basis of sex. In specific rights of particular concern to women and girls, the human rights of women and the girl child are an inalienable integral and indivisible part of universal human rights. The equal participation of women in political, civil, economic, social, and cultural life at the national, regional, and international levels and the eradication of all forms of discrimination on the grounds of sex are priority objectives of the international community. This is an obstacle to women's participation on equal terms. Hempers the growth of the prosperity of society. In the family and stands in the way of the development of the country, the wealth of the world, and the cause of PZ, and this will be called any distinction, which is a exclusive exclusion, made on the basis of sex, on the basis of sex, which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise by women. No matter what we are talking about, we are giving them out, we are giving them a break, what is the half of the link? The boy is a girl, the woman is a man. So what happens is that their recognition, the joy, the enjoyment they want to get, what they want to do, they are banned, irrespective of their rightful status. This does not matter whether they are married or married, on the basis of equality of men and women of human rights and fundamental freedom, the political, economic, social, cultural, and any other field. That means any distinction, exclusion, or restriction. This is the definition of discrimination. Then Article 2 says that for state parties, for state-owned countries, for state-owned countries, what did he say? To condemn discrimination against women, that is to say, you are against the law, you are against the law, you are against the law, to embody the principle of equality of men and women in their national constitutions or other legislation. That is to say, in the law, in the law, in the law, we have to accept the principle of equality of men and women. To adopt legislative measures, including sanctions to prohibit discrimination against women, we will have to adopt the law to establish legal protection. That is to say, if someone is opposing it, then we will give legal protection to the women who are opposing it, or to refrain from any act that discriminates against women. And any work that is being used against women, you have to stop yourself. There is one more, but that is enough. Then, what is Article 3 saying? Require state parties to take all appropriate measures in all fields to ensure the full development and advancement of women. That is to say, Article 3 and Article 6 says that all these measures should be adopted for women to be able to develop like them. Article 4 says, provides the temporary special measures accelerating de facto equality between men and women, such as affirmative action measures, will not be considered discriminatory. It is said that if you have temporarily run something for women from the highest level, if someone is doing something, then do not believe that there is some discrimination between men and women for equality. That is why we want to adopt them. Article 5 says, Require state parties to modify social and cultural patterns of men and women to eliminate practices based on the idea of sex, roles, stereotyping, or the inferiority or superiority of either of the sexes. It is said that the social and cultural patterns of men and women are used to make food in the kitchen, order food for men, what is there to eat? In this way, you can change the sex roles stereotyping. On the sex roles stereotyping, the social and cultural patterns are required to modify state parties. You too come and make them a part of the community. Let's see what happens. What this person says is that this is a good job. That means your job is good, my job is bad. No, my job is good, your job is bad. These are the things of this way. Then what is Article 6? Require state parties to take appropriate measures including legislation to suppress trafficking in women and exploitation of prostitution in women. The women who are in a difficult situation, the women who are forced to buy, they have to stop them. You have to adopt the right ways for them. Make laws for them. All these things. What is the rule of law? Article 6 is said to be good. What is the rule of law? Require state parties to eliminate discrimination against women in public and private life. That is, in public life, in her private life, she has to be protected. Women must be entitled to vote and be eligible for election and equal jobs. Women, you know, I mean, from the beginning we are trying to vote for women, but in foreign countries, even in many countries, we were not trying to vote for women. There were many fights for this, there were many fights for feminism, many revolutions. So, she said that no, women must be entitled to vote. It is right to vote for them. And she will be eligible for equal jobs for the election. Article 8 says that women are also to be given equal opportunity to represent their governments and participate in the work of international organizations such as the United Nations and so on. That is, you give them equal opportunity also to be given equal opportunity. That is, you give them equal opportunities so that they can represent their country, their governments and participate in international organizations. And Article 9 says that it requires state parties to grant women equal rights with men to acquire change and retain their nationality. That means they can adopt it, they can change it or they can keep their nationality. That is why there was no debate on this. Article 10 says that this is related to education. It requires state parties to eliminate discrimination against women in education. In respect of access to studies, that is, in terms of education, whether it is pre-school level, or in terms of general education, or in terms of general education, or in terms of professional, or in terms of higher technical vocational training, whoever it is, they will be given equal access. No debate will be made. Article 11 says that obligate state parties to take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in employment. See, in the beginning, the work of men in employment was mostly done by women. Now it is said that you will also get equal remuneration, benefits will be equal, equal treatment to work of equal value. If you are doing the same, then equal treatment will be done. As well as the equality of treatment, the evaluation of the equality of work. You will get maternity leave. Without the loss of former employment, your employment will not be affected. So what happens? Women go to maternity leave, they return to work, they don't even keep them at work. This is your point of view. So all this is related to article 11 that you will not do any discrimination in employment with them. Article 12 requires state parties to take measures to eliminate discrimination against women in health care. That is, you will not do any harm to them in the health and well-being of women. You will not do any harm to them in the health and well-being of women. In order to ensure that women have access to health care services on the same basis as men, the way in which you treat men, women will also be treated, including those relating to family planning and family news and maybe health care. That means family news has also been included. Then what is article 13? It requires state parties to eliminate discrimination against women in economic and social life. That is, those who have a social background will also have a social benefit like taking loans from banks, keeping them low. And if it is about some kind of financial credit, then what will happen to men like all of them? The same rules will be applied to women. Article 14 is the only international treaty obligation that deals with the specific needs of rural women. That is, it is not a first international law that has also been discussed for women. That they will get participation, their home, in rural development, they will get equal benefits like men are getting, that is not the case. Then article 15 guarantees women equality with men before the law. You know that equality before the law is an article. Similarly, it is also said that in the eyes of law, in the eyes of law, everything is equal. Equality with men before the law. Women are to have identical legal capacity to that of men. They are to have the right to include contracts and administrative property and they shall be treated on the same basis as men at all stages of court and criminal proceedings. Article 16 obliges the state to eliminate discrimination against women with respect to marriage and family relations. As to enter marriage on the basis of full and free consent to this work. It means that men have the right to have a relationship with them, to choose their spouse, to choose their life partner. Any kind of discrimination will not be done in marriage or family relations. This is written in article 16. Then look, now we are moving to the front. So article 17, 19, 22, 18. It will go like this, then 23, then you are done. So what is article 17 saying? The committee which is established to consider the implementation of the convention is created by article 17 of the convention. That is to say, it has been made by article 17. It is composed of 23 experts of high moral standing and competence in the fields covered by the convention. That is to say, the experts in it had expertise on women relationships, on feminism or on gender or this way. So that they can understand these issues. Then what is article 19, 22 for? Of the convention, concerned the functioning of the committee. How the committee will be made, who will be its chief, who will be the secretary, who will be completely, who will be, I mean, all that is its combination, which is the constitution, which is its role, like it is made, the framework, how the committee will function, that is all in article 19, 22. With article 21, providing that the committee may make suggestions and general recommendations based on the examination of reports and information received from state parties. That is to say, the state parties who are the chief, who can write something if they feel it is right, then they will also see how much they have to accept it. This is in article 19, 22. I mean, how the committee will work. Then it is 17, it is 19, 22. 19 is basically 22. Sir, it is in this, it is in this, it is in this. Now, article 18, what it is saying, creates the reporting obligation of state parties to the convention, with state parties undertaking to submit to the secretary general. For consideration by the committee, a report on measures to give effect to the convention within one year of entry into force of the convention for the state party concern. That is to say, this is also related to its functioning. Now, your 23, 24, then 27, 28, it is simply this, it is over. So, what is article 23 and 24 provides that the convention will have no effect on any provisions in domestic legislation or international agreements in force for a state party that may be more conducive to the achievement of equality between men and women. See, if you remember CRC, it also talks about this. We have done well. We have done well on this issue. But we have no domestic law which is more powerful than this. Which works for women in a better way. So, you can accept it. No problem. Right? Then, article 25, what it is saying, include provisions on participation in the treaty and procedures for revision and designate the secretary general as a depository. As depository. That means we have to participate in it we have to update it, revise it, and choose the secretary general. This is article 25. Then, article 18, entitled state parties to accept the convention subject to reservations which provides that reservations that are incompatible with its object and purpose are not permitted. They are saying that the reservation that happened, as it is mentioned in article 27, we need to revise it. So, subject to reservation, to accept the convention subject to reservation. So, we have to accept the convention based on the protection. And this will not permit its object and purpose. So, it means that we have started to see from where we have started to see from here, from article 17. It is 17. Your article 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, what is most important is the functioning. First, we have talked that you will not affect them in healthcare, you will not affect them in employment, you will not affect them in education. You have to do all the things. Then, there are few things that we have to do. When we mention this type of international how will this work? It will not happen that you just talk about it. Then, on that later, different people will take it out. Implication of it says that if you want to change anything, then it has not been said. Because these things are revised again and again. So, some articles have to be made in this way that how will it work? Similarly, it was in CRC. From 13 to 14, how will it work? These are the things here. Then, your article 29, 30, 29 says that if there is a fight in state parties between two or more states, then we will have to go to the International Court of Justice. And article 30 provides for the authenticity of the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts of the convention and that these shall be deposited with the secretary general who is talking about the secret of the United Nations. His secretary general will have to deposit all these texts to you. Who should be authenticated? Arabic language, Arabic language, Chinese language, English language, French, Russian and Spanish. So many languages have been used in this text. He says that the secretary general should have to deposit all these texts. So this is the story of CRC. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. This is one of the most important international treaties. It is a bill that is made for women's rights. And a lot of work has been done on this. A lot of the countries have violated it. They have also done a lot of work to protect the rights of women in their own countries. So this is our story of the rights of women from the international perspective. Now we have to read the rights of women in the Indian perspective. That's it. So I have completed this very topic. So thank you and don't forget to like and subscribe my channel and explore the situation. I have done from my side.