 Good evening aspirants welcome to the Hindu News Analysis session brought to you by Shankara A. Sakadami for the rate 20th November 2021. These are the list of topics we will be discussing today and before getting into today's discussion I want to thank you guys for the overwhelming positive response for the mains answer discussion session that I conducted last time. So due to that positive response I will be discussing two more mains questions taken from the same question paper that is 2020 GS paper 1. So let us start today's discussion with that. This is the first question we will be discussing today. This question appeared in the 2020 mains GS1 paper. Let me read out the question first. The interlinking of rivers can provide viable solution to the multi-dimensional interrelated problems of droughts, floods and interrupted navigation. Critically examine. Here the key word is critically examine. To understand critically examine you must know what is examine. See when the question has the word examine in it you have to dig deeper into the statement given in the question and establish facts and issues related to the statements mentioned in the question. But the key here is you should stop with establishing the important fact and you should not give any judgment. Now let us see what to do when the question has the key word critically examine in it. See in case of critically examine the question demands a fair judgment from you regarding the statement. Here you must not stick to a single stance and be blind to other facts. You have to be very open and write about all the facets of the statement given only then you can arrive at a solution. So I hope you can understand the difference here. See let me explain again with an example. See in this question if instead of critically examine just examine is given you have to write about the major facts relating to interlinking of rivers. But you should not write whether the facts you have written are right or wrong instead you should be just stating facts. But when critically examine is given you have to write facts relating to interlinking of rivers and you must also write whether the given fact is good or bad and also at the end of the answer you have to arrive at a balanced conclusion. That is you have to give a judgment. So this is the difference between examine and critically examine. So I hope you guys are now clear regarding the difference between them with this address. Now let us get into the question. The answer for this question must have a good introduction. Some positives regarding the interlinking of rivers and some negatives regarding the interlinking of rivers. Finally in the conclusion part you should arrive at a judgment. In the conclusion either you can support or oppose interlinking of rivers based on your discretion. But my opinion is for you to take a middle path. So this should be the general structure of the question. Another point to note here is that your answer should mention about droughts, floods and river navigation because these three words are clearly given in the question. Now let us take the introduction. In the introduction you can write about both the temporal and spatial variability in the availability of rainfall in India. You can say how interlinking of rivers will solve this problem. See in case of spatial variability you can mention about how in some places in India there is heavy rainfall like Mohsin Ram and you can mention about Jaisalmer where rainfall is very scanty and in case of temporal variability you can state the fact that in India more than 50% of precipitation takes place in about 15 days and less than 100 hours of rainfall happens all together in a year. See I took this fact from April 2021 Yojana. See you people know about the Yojana Simplified Program we are conducting right. See in the second session of the Yojana Simplified Program Arun Sir discussed two important article from the April 2021 Yojana. He also discussed a previous year question taken from the 2019 GS mains paper one. I am telling you guys it is very helpful for your mains preparation. So check out the video if you haven't checked it out already. I have pinned the link to the video in the comment section so you can view the video or you can always search for Yojana Simplified in YouTube. Now coming back to introduction. See this is just my version of introduction. You can also write your own version of attractive introduction. You can post your versions in the comment section which will help other aspirants too. So now having addressed the introduction part let us move to the body of the answer. In the body you can start with the positive aspects of interlinking of rivers. Here in this part you should mention about how interlinking will help in reducing droughts, flooding and yading in river navigation. Here you can link current affairs. See for example in 2019 when Chennai was facing one of its worst urban droughts Assam was facing floods. You can say how interlinking of rivers would prevent incidents like this from happening. You can also mention about the Ken Betwa interlinking project. Here water is transferred from the water rich Ken river to the water poor Betwa river. You can also write how this project will help the drought prone Bundelkant region. So instead of just writing interlinking of rivers will reduce the occurrence of drought. If you write with example your answer will fetch you more marks. You also bring some about other points with examples of how this interlinking will help solve floods and droughts. Now that we have discussed about some points relating to the role of interlinking of rivers in addressing floods and droughts. Let us move on to how interlinking of rivers will help inland waterways and ensure development of the hinterland. Here you can draw a map highlighting the national waterways and you have to mention how interlinking of rivers could increase the navigation potential of the rivers and bring development to the hinterland. Here you can also write about how interlinking will help develop the northeast region. Here you can link current affairs to support your claim. See recently Asian Development Bank supported the pre feasibility study for a multimodal logistic park in Jogi Gopa Assam. See this area incorporates rail road and inland waterway connectivity. This proposed site is located along the national waterway too. So like this you can also search for current affairs to support your claim of how interlinking of rivers will help ensure river navigation and thus bringing development to the hinterland area. Now we have addressed the 3 key words mentioned in the question that is floods, droughts and navigation of rivers. Now let us discuss other positives of interlinking of rivers. See here you can use the method that I discussed in the last session to develop points that is using our syllabus to generate points. First geography. In case of geography we have discussed about flood and drought reduction. So now moving on to economy. Here you can write about the positive impacts of interlinking of rivers to agriculture. That is through interlinking of rivers there will be increased irrigation potential and this will help government in achieving the doubling of farmer income. Also in case of economy you can also write about the potential of interlinking of rivers in increasing the generation of hydroelectric power. So now moving on to environment. Here you can talk about how generating hydro power using interlinking of rivers will help produce the carbon footprint. See here you can also write about the COP26 where India committed to achieve net zero by 2070 and how increasing hydro power generation will help us achieve our goals. So we have addressed all the parts geography, economy, environment, every part. Now we can move on to the negatives of interlinking of rivers. Here also you can use the syllabus method for a structured point generation. First geography. Here you can write about the difficulty and the near non feasibility of the implementation of the project. Since most of North India is a flat plain and Peninsular India is a plateau it will be a difficult task to pump water from Northern India to Peninsular India. Now moving on to economy. In economy you can write about the cost involved with the project and the lack of economic viability of the project. You can also write about the availability of cheaper alternative that will help address floods and droughts like that of traditional water storage systems. In case of quality you can mention about the already existing various interstate river disputes like Kaveri issue and the Mahadayi issue. So you can write about how Bangladesh which is a lower riparian state will not agree to the India's proposal for interlinking of rivers. That is shifting water from Northern rivers to Southern rivers. Finally environment. Here you have lot of points. You can write about how altering the natural course of rivers would lead to a disastrous result. To be specific you can mention about the Kenbedwa project which will affect the Panna Tiger Reserve and how the construction of Doudan Dam which is part of the Kenbedwa project is resulting in the submergence of 6000 hectares of pristine forest. See here I have just given a overview on the gender structure to the body of the answer. You can further add your own points accordingly. Now moving on to conclusion. In conclusion you can write about how implementing this project in all India level is both environmentally disastrous and economically unviable. You can say how government can focus on decentralized small localized interlinking projects with proper environmental impact assessment. See you can write how the government is currently focusing more on the Godavari Kaveri link than the earlier proposal to link Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Pinar and Kaveri rivers. So government is moving from bigger projects to smaller projects. You can mention this as a positive step. See this is just my version of approaching the question. You guys can also write your versions in the comment section. Reading your versions of the answer will give me insights and help me bring you guys better answers in the future. Now that we have discussed this question let us discuss the next question. See this question is from Indian society and this question also appeared in the same 2020 GS mains paper one. Let me read out the question first. Has caste lost its relevance in understanding the multicultural Indian society? Elaborate your answer with illustrations. Two things you have to note in this question. First is this. Elaborate your answer with illustrations. So in your answer you must give examples for every claim you are making. The next is that this question asks us whether caste has lost its significance in understanding the Indian society. Note the understanding the Indian society part. So in the answer if you write only about whether caste is relevant or not you have not approached the question properly. So your answer won't be fetching good marks. So what you have to do is you have to write about is caste relevant in understanding the Indian society. You have to stress on that part although in both the case the answer will be similar for most part. You have to give more stress on understanding the Indian society part. Now moving on to the answer. Here I won't be discussing the entire answer I will just give you highlights about the skeleton of the answer. So let us start with introduction. See here a simple static introduction is sufficient. You can define caste in the introduction. You can write how caste is a social construct in Indian society. See any valid definition regarding caste in the introduction will be a good introduction. Now moving on to the body of the answer. Here if you agree that caste has indeed lost relevance in understanding Indian society you can write three fourth of the body of the answer supporting this claim with examples and the rest one fourth of the answer writing about how caste is still relevant in understanding Indian society. You can also do the vice versa based on your opinion and preference. Here I will be giving some general points for both the sides. First let me start with some points about caste losing its relevance in understanding the Indian society. Here you can write about how in urban areas caste has lost its relevance. You can write about globalization and its impact on caste. You can also talk about how in capitalistic work environment in an urban area more than your caste it is your ability and performance that speaks for you. You can also argue about how increased westernization has reduced to the caste relevance and how we are adopting western habits from dressing food habits and even festivals. Actually we have even started celebrating festivals like Halloween also. You can write all these points and tag it with the question by finally stating that the following points has created uniformity that imitates the western culture and thus losing the caste relevance in the process thus caste is slowly losing its relevance in understanding the multicultural Indian society. You can write this sentence after mentioning all the points to make your answer address the question. Hope you guys understand the point I am making here. However you should write examples or facts with every point you are making. Now moving on to how caste is still relevant in understanding Indian society. Here some points you can mention are vote bank politics, race of various caste based political parties and organization. You can even mention about the menace of manual scavenging that is still prevalent in our society. You can mention about the race of various caste based matrimonial sites. You can mention about the prevalent of honor killing and cup and diets. You can mention the fact that though in urban areas the caste relevance has reduced it has not reduced in the rural areas. You can mention about the various caste based groups in social media like Facebook and Instagram. You can even mention about the fact that our people migrating to foreign nations bringing their caste with them. You can cite some examples regarding the race of caste based organizations in USA regarding this. Here see I have just given the skeleton of the answer. You have to add flesh to it. And finally in the conclusion part you can mention about how though caste is losing relevance there are still expression of caste in new identities. See even in urban areas though in a social setting caste is losing significance in a personal sphere like marriage and customs etc. People are still sticking to their caste practices. So in a balanced way you can conclude that in some places caste is relevant in understanding the Indian society and in most places caste is losing it significance as a factor for understanding Indian society. So I think through this answer we have addressed this question holistically. And I hope this session was helpful to you to improve your answer rating skill. If you have any suggestions about the better way to approach the questions that we discussed today you can mention it in the comment section. We can discuss about it ok and it will be also helpful to other aspirants also. And finally once again thank you for the overwhelming positive response regarding this session. So thank you guys. Now let us conclude this session and take up the first news article for our discussion today. Look at this editorial. This editorial talks about the arrest of former chairman of state bank of India Mr. Pratip Choudhury and the events leading up to it. The arrest was related to a case that was related to a hotel project in Jayaselmar Rajasthan that was financed by the bank. The article essentially talks about how the non performing assets are handled in India. This is the basic crux of the editorial. See the editorial is not very relevant for our exam. So with this editorial as a backdrop we will discuss about the insolvency and bankruptcy code, insolvency and bankruptcy board of India, national company law appellate tribunal, national company law tribunal, insolvency professionals, insolvency information utilities and finally we will conclude with the recent amendment made to insolvency and bankruptcy code. The syllabus regarding this discussion is highlighted here for your reference. See the whole process of resolving non performing assets comes under the insolvency and bankruptcy code 2016. This code applies to companies registered under the companies act 1956. See before insolvency and bankruptcy code, recovery of debts due to banks or financial institutions act 1993 and the surface act 2002 dealt with certain facets of corporate insolvency. Address the troubling shortcomings in the insolvency laws in India and to bring them under one umbrella the insolvency and bankruptcy code was enacted in the year 2016. See this framework consists of the regulator which is the insolvency and bankruptcy board of India that is IBBI. It also includes insolvency professionals, information utilities and adjudicatory mechanisms such as national company law tribunal and the national company law appellate tribunal. These institutions and structures are aimed at promoting corporate governance and also enable a time-bound and formal resolution of insolvency. So first of all let us see about insolvency and bankruptcy board of India. See the insolvency and bankruptcy board of India was established under the insolvency and bankruptcy code 2016. It is a key pillar of the ecosystem responsible for implementation of the code that consolidates and amends the law relating to reorganization and insolvency resolution of corporate persons, partnership firms and individuals in a time-bound manner. The main objective of insolvency and bankruptcy board of India is to work for maximization of the value of assets of such persons to promote entrepreneurship, availability of credit and balance the interest of all the stakeholders. It regulates the profession as well as the process. It has regulatory oversight over the insolvency professionals, insolvency professional agencies, insolvency professional entities and information utilities. So now having done with the insolvency and bankruptcy board of India, now let us see about insolvency professionals. See the insolvency professionals are enrolled with the insolvency agency and they are involved in the dissolution process of insolvent individuals, insolvent companies, insolvent limited liability partnerships etc. See under the insolvency and bankruptcy code, these insolvency professionals are enrolled under section 206 with the insolvency professional agencies as its members and they are registered with the board as a insolvency professional under section 207. Now let us learn about information utilities. See information utility is an institution with multiple objectives. It provides undisputed information for initiation of insolvency process. Information utilities serves as a credit and contract repository. It accepts financial information from financial or operational creditors or debtors. Information utilities is designed as a two-way communication tool between creditors and debtors for submission and authentication with recording of disputes. See the national e-governance service limited is incorporated as information utility. Refer the image here to know further about the national e-governance service limited. See the national e-governance service limited constitutes a key pillar of the insolvency and bankruptcy ecosystem of India. The other three being adjudicating authority that is the national company law tribunal and the debt recovery tribunal. The other pillar is the insolvency and bankruptcy board of India and the last pillar is the insolvency professionals. See you can note down this diagram and use it in your main censor also. To recap till now we saw about insolvency and bankruptcy board of India insolvency professionals information utilities ok now let us see about the adjudicating authorities that is national company law tribunal. The insolvency and bankruptcy code recognizes national company law tribunal constituted under section 408 of the company act 2013 as adjudicating authority for the purpose of insolvency resolution and liquidation of corporate persons ok. The national company law tribunal works on the lines of a normal court of law in the country. This oblige to fairly and without any biases determine the facts of each case and decide which matters in accordance with the principle of natural justice. Note that it works under the principle of natural justice ok it also offers conclusions from decisions in the form of orders. Now moving on to national company law appellate tribunal. See the national company law appellate tribunal is established as per section 410 of companies act 2013. It is a body having appellate jurisdiction over the decision of national company law tribunal. Now moving on to the debt recovery tribunal. See the insolvency and bankruptcy code recognizes the debt recovery tribunal constituted under section 3 of the recoveries of debts due to banks and financial institutions act 1993 as adjudicating authority for the purpose of insolvency resolution and bankruptcy of partnership firms and individuals. See note the difference here. The national company law deals with the insolvency of corporate houses while the debt recovery tribunal deals with the insolvency of partnership firms and individuals ok. So till now we saw the terminologies in the code that is the insolvency and bankruptcy code. This will help you understand the code better. Now let us move on to the features of the insolvency and bankruptcy code. See the major feature of the insolvency and bankruptcy code includes a two step process for insolvency resolution for corporate debtors where the minimum amount of default is rupees 1 crore. The two process which are proposed by the code are as follows. First is the insolvency resolution process which is mentioned in section 6 to 32 of the insolvency and bankruptcy code. See the insolvency and bankruptcy code provides a time bound process for resolving the insolvency of corporate debtors that is within 330 days ok. This resolution process is called the corporate insolvency resolution process that is CIRP. Here the debtor that is the corporate house or its creditors which is mostly a consortium of banks may apply for the initiation of resolution process. In this process the creditors play a crucial role in evaluating and ultimately determining whether the debtor's business can be continued and if so what are the choices for its revival. This is the first process. Now moving on to the second process that is liquidation which is mentioned in section 33 to 54 of the insolvency and bankruptcy code. See here if the revival of the debtors business fails or if the revival is not a feasible option then the creditors that is the consortium of banks can resolve to wind up the company upon winding up the assets of the debtor can be distributed ok. So any person whose amount is due with the company or the limited liability partnership with the minimum amount of 1 crore can approach the national company law tribunal under the insolvency and bankruptcy code 2016 for liquidation of that company ok. Any person aggrieved by the order of national company law tribunal can prefer and appeal to the national company law appellate tribunal within 30 days of the national company law tribunal's order. When the national company law appellate tribunal gives a decision this can again be appealed in the supreme court within 45 days of the order. Now that we have seen the major provisions of the insolvency and bankruptcy code 2016 we shall see the recent amendment made to the insolvency and bankruptcy code. On the 11th of August 2021 the insolvency and bankruptcy amendment bill received the assent of the president thus enacting the insolvency and bankruptcy amendment act 2021. The amendment introduced an alternative insolvency resolution process for micro small and medium enterprises called the pre-packaged insolvency resolution process that is PIRP. Unlike the corporate insolvency resolution process which can be initiated by both the debtors or the creditors the pre-packaged insolvency resolution process can be only initiated by the debtors that is the lenders mostly banks also the application for initiating the pre-packaged insolvency resolution process may be filed in the event of a default of at least 1 lakh rupees see this 1 lakh can be increased by the government through a notification also see this pre-packaged insolvency resolution process may also be initiated in the event of default by a corporate debtors classified as an MSME under the MSME development act 2006 now we shall see some benefits of the pre-packaged insolvency resolution process first important benefit is quick resolution see this process is limited to a maximum of 120 days with only 90 days available for the stakeholders to bring a resolution plan to the national company law tribunal okay and the national company law tribunal should give a judgment within 30 days so total a maximum of 120 days and this pre-packaged scheme could also reduce the burden on the benches of the national company law tribunal by offering a faster resolution mechanism so this is the first advantage now moving on to the second advantage the second is that the pre-packaged insolvency resolution process reduces the disruption to the business because in case of this unlike the corporate insolvency process the existing management retains control and this will help avoid the cost of disruption of business and continue to retain employees suppliers customers and investors now moving on to the final advantage of the pre-packaged insolvency resolution process see this process helps to address the entire liability of the company here in this case the lenders and the depthers enter into a consensual restructuring addressing the entire liability of the company so these are the three main advantages of the recently made amendment also in the future the government should consider setting up a specific bench of the national company law tribunal to deal with the pre-packed resolution process to ensure that they are implemented in a time-bound manner because one main challenge brought about by the new amendment is the small time window of 90 days to bring about the resolution plan and just 30 days for the national company law tribunal to make a judgment so these are some of the important points regarding the recent amendment brought to the insolvency and bankruptcy code so with this let us conclude this session and take up the next news article look at this news article the news article talks about the discovery of new tree species in gedamalakudi in idiquid district kerala the researchers came across the new species during the survey on endemic and threatened species of western gods see endemic species are those plants and animals that exist only in one geographical region the new tree species is named after muthavar tree bus cryptocarya this particular tree species is found in the neighborhood of the muthavar tribe see in this discussion let us see some details about muthavar tribe from plumes point of view the muthavan people were loyal subjects of the denacity of madurai according to tribal legend muthavar or muthavan settlements are spread throughout the hill ranges from kerala and into tamilnadu legend has it that they entered the hills from the city of madurai fleeing prosecution and following kandagi their patron they brought with them agriculture and religious customs of hindu pantheon into the hills muthavars considered kandagi to be their patron and the founder of their society muthavan are the ancient tribes of the land in the course of their distribution across the high ranges the muthavar moved to places in idiquid district such as marayur and close to cardamom hills in the south and west towards todapula a number of muthavan settlements are situated along the gedamalai river and its tributaries muthavans distributed in the two states consider themselves a single homogeneous and socially well-naked community inhibiting a particular zone in areas where the resources are insufficient to meet the needs of all the families some of them migrate to other settlements where patches are available for cultivation or they split into smaller groups and established and establish new kudis within the forest habitat the location of settlements according to geography is referred to as talamalnadu for the eastern region and edamalnadu for the western region it is named according to the location from which sun rises and sets the head that is tala and food edamaladu agriculture has been their primary occupation they cultivate hill rice millets and maize alongside a few vegetable crops the modernity and the ever-increasing need for resources and income have diversified their agriculture by introduction of crops such as rubber cardamom and spices such as pepper close and beetle these changes have largely taken place in kerala whereas in tamilnadu lemongrass and cardamom are the chief cash crops under cultivation strong tradition of marriage exist wherein patrilateral kuttallu and matrilateral maman magalu cross cousin marriages to specified clans or kuttams are the rule of thumb women are limited by taboo and customary law so women mostly involve themselves in household course and parental care of young although they also accompany men in their cultivation activities the woman's interaction with men apart from their spouses is limited community coherence is a very strong attribute of muthaver society along with maintenance of harmony within the settlement major attributes include code of conduct and distance between young couples of opposite sex the system of cavity or dormantry for boys codes of dress and ornamentation and dependence on agriculture and attempts at self-sufficiency rather than loose pride in wage labor the muthavens are very independent and they are reluctant to interact with outside world so in this segment we focused on the muthaven tribe with this let us conclude this discussion look at this news article this article is about the new national educational policy if you remember the new national education policies stresses the importance of teaching in mother tongue in the primary classes but if you take odisa the language basis of odisa's adivasi communities consists of 21 spoken languages separated into 74 dialects so the task of teaching in mother tongue in primary classes appears to be an extremely difficult task and in order to address this issue the stnsc development department of the state government has already started working on a project called samhati this project will address the language issues faced by tribal students in early grades or elementary classes so this is the crux of the article so with this as a background in this discussion let us revise the provisions of the new national education policy the syllabus regarding this discussion is highlighted here for your reference first why do we need a education policy see the national education policy did not begin yesterday the national education policy was first framed in 1986 and it was modified in 1992 it has been more than three decades since the previous policy was implemented enormous number of changes have occurred in our country society economy and the world at large throughout this time and it is in this context the education sector needed to be updated so in order to meet the demands of the 21st century and the needs of the people and the country a new updation is required for sure this is the first reason apart from this see education is a public service and access to quality education must be considered a basic right for every child thirdly the system needed a significant investment in a good thriving public education system see population becomes human capital when there is investment made in the forms of education training and medical care here human capital means the stock of skill and productive knowledge embodied in them let me explain see when quality education is provided to children they grow up and contribute to the country's growth so like other resources population is also a resource when the existing human resources further developed by becoming more educated and healthy we call it human capital formation that adds to the productive power of the country just like the physical capital formation fourthly see quality innovation and research will be the pillars to make India our knowledge superpower to attain this clearly a new education policy is needed so these are the main reasons for the implementation of the new national education policy 2020 now let us see what the policy actually intends to change the current 10 plus 2 structure in school education will be modified with the new pedagogical and curricular restructuring of 5 plus 3 plus 3 plus 4 covering the ages from 3 to 18 as shown in this figure see it consists of foundational stage in two parts that is three years of Anganwadi and two years in primary schools in grades one and two both covering the ages from 3 to 8 next is the preparatory stage from grades 3 to 5 covering the ages from 8 to 11 third is the middle stage from grades 6 to 8 covering the ages 11 to 14 and finally the secondary stage from grades 9 to 12 that is divided into two phases that is 9th and 10th grade and the second phase is 11th and 12th grade covering the ages from 14 to 18 here you can clearly see children aged 3 to 6 are currently not covered under the 10 plus 2 system because class one begins at the age of 6 see 3 to 6 years of age has been recognized globally as a crucial stage for the development of the mental ability of a child because of this reason the new system will bring the uncovered age group of 3 to 6 years under school curriculum so a strong foundation of early childhood education from the ages of 3 will foster improved overall learning development and well-being it will also have 12 years of schooling with 3 years of Anganwadi or preschool see in the national education policy 2020 the highest priority will be given to achieve foundation literacy and numeracy by all students when they reach grade 3 apart from this the school governance will be set to change with a new accreditation framework and a independent authority to regulate both public and private schools in order to eliminate harmful hierarchies between different areas of learning there will be no hard separation between arts and science and also there won't be any separation between curricular and extracurricular activities as well as vocational and academic streams it also aims to encourage multilingualism and the importance of language and teaching and learning by instructing students in their mother tongue or regional language until the reach the grade 5 also no students will be forced to learn a language furthermore vocational education will be started from class 6 onwards also internship programs will also be established a new and a comprehensive national curriculum framework for teachers education will be formulated by the national council for teacher education in consultation with the national council for educational research and training okay by 2030 the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a four-year integrated be a degree now coming to higher education in higher education the policy actually intends to achieve 50 percent gross enrollment ratio by 2035 an important point to note here is that the current gross enrollment ratio in higher education is 26.3 percentage see like in western countries academic bank of credits will be established to facilitate transfer of credits this credit system will help students who discontinue and later like to resume their education also a national research foundation will be created as a apex body for fostering strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education for the regulation of higher education in India higher education commission of India will be set up as a single umbrella that will regulate all the higher educational institutions excluding medical and legal education also the higher education commission of India will be having four independent verticals namely national higher education regulatory council for regulation general education council for standard setting higher education grants council for funding and national accreditation council for accreditation the other important provision of the policy includes the creation of the autonomous body that is the national education technology forum see this forum will act as a platform for the free exchange of ideas also the policy plans to set up a national assessment center called a PARAC this center will help assess the students also the policy plans to set up national institute of Pali national institute of persian and national institute for prakrit also a Indian institute of translation and interpretation see these institutes will help research in the forgotten languages of India see the last and the most important aim of the policy is that it plans to raise the spending on education from the current level of 4.6% of GDP to 6% of GDP so finally if the policy is implemented in its true spirit it will help India achieve its aim of becoming a knowledge superpower so in this discussion we revised all the basic provisions of the national education policy 2020 with this let us conclude this session and take up the next article for the final part of our news discussion we will be discussing about Guru Nanak Jayanthi see yesterday that is 19th November Guru Nanak Jayanthi was celebrated Guru Nanak Jayanthi or Guru Nanak Prakash Utsav celebrates the birth of first Sikh Guru Guru Nanak so in this context let us see some important points about Guru Nanak for film's perspective and also for the main's perspective let us see the relevance of the teachings of Guru for modern India first a few points about Guru Nanak see Guru Nanak was born in 1459 at Talvandi Rai Bau village near Lahore which was later renamed as Nankana Saheb we all know Guru Nanak was the first of the 10 gurus of Sikh religion he is not just the founder of Sikhism he was also a philosopher a poet a traveler a political rebel a social leveler a mass communicator and a spiritual master Guru Nanak's word are registered in the form of 974 poetic hymns in the holy text of Sikhism that is the Guru Granth side now having seen some points regarding Guru Nanak let us see how his teachings are relevant in modern India see Guru Nanak worked to create a egalitarian society for that he proposed three innovative social institutions they are langar pangat and sangat langar is a collective cooking and sharing of foods pangat is partaking food without distinction of high or low caste and finally sangat is collective decision making see although India is in the track of becoming a superpower it still has the menace of caste so by adopting these egalitarian policy of Guru Nanak India can build a casteless egalitarian society and also according to him that is Guru Nanak the whole world is God's creation that is Jaya Ka It Datta and all are born equal there is only one universal creator that is Ik Omkara Satnam see in India there is raising intolerance and even raising vigilante justice see these incidents are affecting the social harmony and the secular culture of our country so if we follow Guru Nanak's principle of Ik Omkara Satnam we can ensure social harmony in our country also Guru Nanak worked towards gender equality he believed women are as equal as men so with the new India that is currently being built we can imbibe this principle of Guru Nanak and build a gender equality based society finally the selfless service to mankind known as Seva is the central theme of Sikhism in fact Guru Nanak advocated the concept of Daswanth or the donating of one-tenth of one's earning among the needy persons see these principles if implemented will help create a socially just society so Guru Nanak and his teachings are still relevant in the 21st century so if we practice his teachings we will create a socially just and a egalitarian society where social harmony is ensured and gender equality is practiced so in this segment we saw few basic facts about Guru Nanak and also for the mains perspective we saw the relevance of teachings of Guru Nanak in the 21st century India with this let us conclude the news article discussion and take up the practice prelims questions we have one prelims question today based on national company law tribunal the statements given are it is a adjudicating authority for the purpose of insolvency resolution and liquidation for partnership firms and individuals the second statement is the agreed person can appeal to the national company law appellate tribunal and the order of national company law appellate tribunal is final we have to find the correct statement actually both the given statements are wrong the correct answer is option D neither one or two the explanation are see the insolvency and bankruptcy court recognizes national company law tribunal as the adjudicating authority for the purpose of insolvency resolution and liquidation for only corporate persons or corporate houses whereas the depth recovery tribunal is the adjudicating authority for the purpose of insolvency resolution and bankruptcy of partnership firms and individuals so the first statement is wrong no coming to the second statement see any person agreed by the order of national company law tribunal can prefer and appeal to the national company law appellate tribunal within 30 days of the national company law tribunal order which in turn can be appealed to the supreme court within 45 days of national company law appellate tribunal order on the questions of law arising out of such order so the decision of national company law appellate tribunal is not final we can appeal to the supreme court so the second statement is also wrong so finally the correct answer is option neither one or two the main questions based on today's discussion is displayed here please go through the question and write answers for the question and post it in the comment section so with this let us conclude today's discussion if you like this video like comment and share it with your friends and subscribe to Shankara AS Academy YouTube channel thank you