 Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in dentistry and more Today we have a bone lesion which is known as aneurysmal bonsist or ABC lesion. So aneurysm is nothing but a change in the artery There is a sponge like change or a localized growth which is happening in the artery So this is seen within the bone as it's like changes due to the malformation of the artery resulting The osteolytic type of lesion within the bone which is known as aneurysmal bonsist So let's see the details of ABC So aneurysmal bonsist it is a benign Expansile and Osteolytic lesion with a thin wall which contains blood filled cystic cavities Okay, so the term aneurysm or aneurysmal is derived from its macroscopic appearance that is a sponge like tumor which contains numerous giant cells so the basic pattern is the long bones which has Osteolytic lesions that is sponge like lesion due to the changes in the artery or the malformation of the vascular Structures resulting a cyst like cavity within the bone. So that is aneurysmal bonsist So the basic etiology is The my vascular malformation The true etiology is unknown. So this ABC is basically of three types that is the aneurysmal bonsist which arise without Evidence of any other lesions, which is primary ABC So primary ABC and it could also be caused by a reaction Secondary to another born lesion. Okay, that is a minimal around 1 to 20 percentage and the third type is which arise in area of previous trauma so primary ABC then Secondary to another born lesion and the last one is The ABC which arise in area of previous trauma. Okay, those these three types are there Now let's move on to the Clinical features so they can be found in any bone in the body, but the most common Location is metaphysis of long bones of lower extremity Which is more common in lower extremity than the upper extremity So the vertebral bodies or arches of the spine also may be involved and half of the cases involving more than one vertebrae and Approximately one half of the lesion in flat bonds occur in the pelvis. Okay, so it can be seen in vertebrae pelvis and the lower extreme bones so it is presented as a Painful mass or a swelling or a pathologic fracture or combination of these symptoms in the affected area so it could be a mass or swelling or pathological fracture with pain and There could be neurological symptoms Because it might involve the nerve in that particular area typically the spinal nerves and other findings are decreased moment weakness or stiffness and warmth over that affected area So the histological part is it is Consist of blood-filled spaces of variable size that are separated by connective tissue containing trapeculae of bone or osteo tissue and Osteoclast giant cells they are not lined by endothelium so in radiographic appearance it is most commonly seen in metaphysis and Appears as a osteolytic lesion and the periosteum will be elevated and the cortex is eroded to thin margin So the expansile nature of the lesion is often reflected as a blow out or so bubble appearance because of this trapeculae between the the lesion So the lesion rarely penetrates the articular surface or other plates and And differential diagnosis includes Fibrous displace here control blastoma simple bond cyst or Janssen tumor of bone or Osteoblastoma so all this could be the differential diagnosis of ABC and in treatment part We should conduct a embolization Pre-operative embolization we should perform embolization It's nothing but procedure which uses particles such as tiny gelatin sponges or beads to block a blood vessel So it may be used to stop bleeding to block the flow of blood to a tumor or any abnormal area of tissue and Another methods are cure at age bone grafting and The resection process along with bone graft and radiation therapy and The complications it could result in pathological fracture neurologic symptoms because of the involvement of nerves and there will be mechanical disruptions So that is all about a neurosomal bond cyst Which is a sponge like lesion which is present within the bond the long bones, especially the lower extremities and also in pelvis arm vertebra The vascular malformation resulting in sponge like cystic cavity within the long bone. Okay So that is all about ABC. I'll come up with a new topic in the industry more. Thank you