 I was up there late this afternoon just to give a quick look at the new work there and it's really something that many of you are already familiar with and we'll be seeing tomorrow as well with the special ceremony up there. I think that the work really reflects both the foresight of people in the late 19th and early 20th century, particularly people who came to the Baxter in preserving the spaces in Portland and certainly in their vision that's played out into the 21st century and what we have is really tremendous treasure up there. Tonight it's my pleasure to commemorate the forum, the symposium on the war in the year 2012 period as well as the commentary on the restoration of the park by the way my name is Bill Chargory and I'm on my mat some of the space historian and I'll also be back in Portland. I want to say too that it's a thrill to be having this program here in the Jewish Heritage Museum. This is the last intact historic sit-down on the Portland Peninsula and it's really a thrill to see how beautifully it's been restored and it really is a great historic space for people to gather in. Tonight I have the pleasure of bringing to your attention three wonderful speakers. The first is historian George Dorn and the pleasure of meeting him was two minutes ago. He has a Ph.D. in American History and Development from Harvard. He holds the 2008 Samuel L. A. Morrison Award for Naval Literature. He's a distinguished professor at the Lewis Academy, Wesleyan University, Connecticut College, and Harvard. And George tells me that a few years ago he undertook to create a trilogy of three books dealing with the naval history of the war in the year 2012 which was a very much overlooked part of our American history along that Portland Peninsula here tonight is certainly by the important roles in the first book, the Sea, the Second War in 2012, and the third is the Shining Sea. And he's going to share with us his knowledge of the war in 2012 and its naval implications both in Portland and beyond George. I wanted to say first that Point Allen was named after a naval hero from the war in 2012. Lieutenant Henry Allen, who was a wonderful unsung hero, he was very, I know you've never heard of him, but I will tell you a little bit about him. He was very closely associated with his entire career with Stephen Decada who I'm sure you've heard of. And Decada brought so much of Henry Allen, he wouldn't let him go. He kept him on his ship as his first attendant as long as he could through the war of 2012. Now Henry Allen was involved in a battle of a British ship very close to when he was commanding in August of 1813 and he lost that battle with Henry Allen. And the British then took his body to Kingdom and he was buried there with a midshipman from his ship, which was called the August. And the British buried him with full military honors and wanted to show their admiration for people as brave as Henry Allen. Henry Allen had destroyed more of their commerce in a short period of time using the Isles than anyone else had done. He was a superb captain and they were very happy to be with him but at the same time they wanted to pay tribute to him. And this is what they said about Henry Allen. Sacred to the memory of William Henry Allen, age 27, late commander of the United States Great August, who died August 181813 in consequence of a wound received in action with HBM Great Pelican August 14, 1813. Also in remembrance of Richard Delphrey, midshipman, aged 18 years, U.S. Navy, killed with the same action, which remains at the problem here. And then at the end here sleep the brave. This is the British tribute to Henry Allen. He was Stephen Decatur's first lieutenant aboard the U.S. Brigade of the United States in 1812 when they defeated the Macedonian unexpectedly in one of the great naval battles of the war of 1812. And at the end of it Decatur attributed his victory to Henry Allen and his superb gunner. And Decatur then after he was hearing the Macedonian gave a command of the Macedonian to Henry Allen and the two of them brought the ships back to the United States. And when they got close to New York Decatur decided that he would go into New London and Henry Allen would go into Narragansett Bay and to Newport. Henry Allen came from Rhode Island and Decatur wanted him to get hometown welcome and so Henry Allen brought the Macedonian into Narragansett Bay and into Newport. This was the first and really only American were in a captured enemy warship into an American port during the war. The head of the naval station in Newport right then was all a hazard power. And you probably heard of him. And Henry also was a young man and very ambitious. And he was very jealous of the fact that he was sitting here in Newport not having any action. And Henry Allen reigned the Macedonian. And this is what got Harry going and finally got himself back into action and laid the air and laid it on. And you probably know some of the history of that. Now Henry Allen became a midshipman in the United States Navy because his family was a military family. This was true of all of the officers, nearly all of the officers who were in the United States Navy during the war of 1812. This was probably the finest group of officers ever to serve in the Navy. A few young men who served in the war of 1812. And Henry Allen's father had served in the American Army from the day after election and conquered until Yorktown. The whole entire, the whole entire war, steam of the chaos of the family had also had a distinguished background there. And I mention this because the war of 1812 was very peculiar in the sense that the United States had 20 warships, 20. We were a country of 8 million. We had 20 warships. The British had 1,000. Of the 2014 of them was serviceable. The officers who served in the Navy were people who served all during the administration of Jefferson in the first administration of Madison. Presidents who were supposedly, they fought against the Navy in the entire political career. And what was interesting to me about the war of 1812, one of the interesting things was the U.S. Navy played a new role in winning the war for us. And it was this group of officers who stayed through this period of time that was so important in the war of 1812. Henry Allen, for instance, and Stephen Decatur, started in the Navy under President Madison in the Kuizai War with France, which was from 1798 to 1800. Henry Allen started as a midshipman, and Stephen Decatur also started as a midshipman. They also served in the war against Tripoli, which was 1801 to 1805. Then they stayed in the Navy and were available for the war of 1812. Why did they stay in the Navy? They stayed in it because that was the tradition of your family, and because their patriotism was immense. I get kidded sometimes about emphasizing all the patriotism. Of course, if you're a military man, you can't patriotism or caricature so much, but patriotism was a factor. It was a factor for these men. Let me just tell you very quickly why the Navy was so important. The Navy was so important in the war because it started in June of 1812. It ended in February of 1815. Up until September of 1814, the United States was doing very badly in the war. Our army had been doing very poorly. Because of this, and because the British and front British and allies had finally defeated Napoleon in April of 1814, the British decided that they were going to invade the United States in April of 1820 and settle with us once and for all. They were mad at each other because we had to clear the war. Then way back in June of 1812, just when Napoleon was invading Russia, they thought Napoleon was going to conquer Russia and then turn on them. So did the whole world. It didn't work out that way. But they remembered that we stabbed them in the back way. In April of 1814, when Napoleon finally was deposed, they were going to turn on the United States and they did turn on the United States. They invaded us from Canada. This was their plan. They from Canada, they from the south from the Wallans, and then conduct amphibious raids all along the coast of the United States. If you looked in Maine and knew anything about Maine history, you would know that they did plenty along the Maine coast. And that was true. They harassed the towns all the way down the Atlantic coast, all the way to Florida. A lot of towns in Maine have stories about when the British came. And there were stories from little towns all the way down our coast. One of these raids was a raid in Washington on August 24th. This was a big one. And you know that they succeeded and burned our capital. But, and the British, when they were burning the capital, they thought, oh, we're going to have an easy time of dismembering the United States, which is what they intended to do. But two weeks later, the United States stopped the invasion from Canada. Who did it? It was the Navy. This Queen ship Navy, which by that time had 26 ships. And there was a fellow named McDonough that did it and won a victory in the class war over a superior British fleet. And that stopped the invasion. The British commanded the ground force over 10,000, the biggest eye on the continent. He turned around and went back to Canada because he needed control of election and planning. Two weeks later, the same British force that burned Washington turned around Baltimore. Baltimore was a different population. Baltimore was where Washington wasn't. And they stopped them with Baltimore and this big British invasion force had to turn around and leave. And because of this, when news of this got back to London, the British people all of a sudden turned against the war against the United States. They weren't so mad anymore. You know why? Because they didn't want a long, prolonged war. They were delighted that they'd be going to Washington because they thought it would be quick. But when they found out, well, maybe this is going to be like the Revolution in the long years, we're going to party. You know why? Because they had been playing in French since 1793. They all of a sudden developed war. The British at that time were led by a wonderful Prime Minister named Liverpool, who was a politician ahead of this time. Liverpool followed public opinion. Of course, he never admitted that, but he did. So he turned itself with the United States. And the peace treaty was signed on December 24, 1814. Then the war in the United States took place after the peace treaty in January 1850. And this was important because the Prime Minister, and the most powerful member of the cabinet, named Castle Raider, they took a look at the war lines and put together Baltimore and Clashbrook and some other things. And they said, you know, the United States is very strong. It's a much different country than it was in June of 1812. And if we don't change our policy towards them, we're going to be fighting them over one thing and another for the next hundred years. And they were right. And so the war changed the whole relationship between the two great inter-speaking countries. And a hundred years later, and we're celebrating the victory and centennial of the beginning of the world war, this great war, we find these two countries allied at a certain point. And I ask people, if we had been fighting them since 1814, for instance, over the boundary of Canada, think of how many wars that could have been, just arguing about that. If we had been fighting with them all this time, do you think we would have come together in World War I? I think it would have been pretty difficult. So the coming together of these two great inter-speaking countries that were so important in the 20th century is still as important. Who's flying with us over Iraq as we speak today? Who's with us? That great partnership began here as a consequence of the war in 1812. And because we had become stronger militarily, also politically, then we had been in the United States, and we played a very big part. And Lieutenant Allen was a very big part of that. So this Fort Allen has been very well named. That's my time. I have a couple of questions until all three speakers have had their say, but then feel free to ask questions at that time. It's now my pleasure to introduce to you someone who I'm sure many of you know, Herb Adams. Herb has variously been an actor, a historian, a journalist, a college professor, and has been a distinguished member of the Maine House of Representatives for eight terms, and is trying to work on a night. I must say I really feel like the brown shoes of the tuxedo of the canal about this evening. The President is such a distinguished company as the historians as you're going to hear from tonight. But I thought you'd like to know how our fellow townsmen looked upon the dedication of Fort Allen. 200 years ago, two dedications took place that night. The first on a fort at the lower east fort Allen. Today, he vanished underneath the eastern prom walking trail, which was dubbed Fort Lawrence in honor of Captain James Lawrence. Don't give up the ship, Lawrence. It is if they wrote a substantial and an handsome marine battery calculated for 10, 24, or 32 pounds, so named, for the size and weight of the sphere of iron that they would fire. The general made a short appropriate address on the occasion, and when the name was announced amid the heart of cheers of the numerous concourse of citizens, the new and commanding battery above was greeted with cheers, and the colors were rainbow. The same was repeated for the battery above, which was named by Captain John Lewis, Fort Allen with the same ceremonies. This work is of a semi-circular form and substantially cut to contain eight guns. It has been completed in the course of 20 days, built in 20 days, and it's lasted 200 years. It was in 20 days by fatigue guards from the detached militia who were led by Captain Lewis and other defenders of our city, notably the Portland Sea Pensibles, those were the militia and were drawn from working upon vests. The public are more indebted to Mr. James Deary, this flyer than any other individual, and the means to complete Fort Allen, this edifice of the family that eventually gave Deary Oaks to Portland. We would say to such those of you who scold and fret and prowl about and complain that nothing has been done, and you go contribute and you do likewise, should this remark irritate a certain gentleman over the knuckles, then that is all right, because he has done more for us and the defense of our town than many other individuals. Then some who are working more than $100,000 at least, he who will not give a little to secure the whole is not worthy to be depended, and much to him in times like these he is barely worthy to be called a good citizen. You know what editorial is like? It's woody, ragged, and at the edge short of place. It's not a park, it's not a destination at all. Long before the War of 1812, the site there was the place where the city pest house was placed. Now it's not for annoying people. The pest house is for dining room and the dead. Pestilence is where you put your smallpox victims and other places of people who are not likely to be recovering. The Quarantine Hospital, Portland's own hotel in California, check in any time you want, but you can never leave. Don't wait. Tomorrow morning we will be starting our ceremonies at the P.O. W. Braves that were just outside of that hospital. These are all American P.O. victims who were captured in battle at Clemson in Canada in 1812, put ashore to die slowly and shift diseases there. A dreadful thing to be buried in a trench with no name about it. Tomorrow we will honor them and then walk to Fort Allen. Now Allen, of course, is a promontory, who was then too, that had a commanding reach from the highest part of the promontory there of the entire entrance to Casco Bay and the Portland Harbor was built for military necessity as we have heard and named for Lieutenant Henry Allen, William Henry Allen. He was 28 years old when he captured the artist. Young, ambitious, contentious, eager, brash on deck, fashionable in person. He never said what his heart felt. To a certain young lady in Providence, Rhode Island, who was waiting for it, he waited still. He never said those words to her. So he has no living descendants today. This fort and a short street in New York City is all that remains of Allen's name now. Now, Fort Allen never actually fired on the folk. The war was over, actually, five months later after it was dedicated, January and February 1815, as Mr. Don is so well pointed out to us. It was a cold and miserable place to spend the winter. I brought a book, which you're welcome to look at, afterwards of a set of articles I discovered written 75 years later, Reminisances About the Defenses of Portland in the year 1814, Soldiers Stories. By a man and something like that, Mr. Shuttleworth went around an interview in the last of them all. It was transcribed by Mr. Latter Class, the authority of the war of 1812. And I have that book here. You're welcome to look at it. They pulled hygiene just as you would expect, soldiers. In interest now, a period of super-romantic ruin of sorts. Guns were kept there for a time, the 24 and 32 pounders. Young Henry was for a long time loved to come up and ramble there. And down in the enravellance of the shore, as they grasped in, and light quietly in the long grass of the old gun embrasures, listening to the waves and the gallows. As he wrote years later, the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts. Soldiers Thoughts of the City. In 1836, it occurs to the city of Portland that you might take Portland and link it to other parts of Portland by linking what they call the Wraithing Space. That is, it is a very popular subject these days of a mall or a park or a promenade. As they wrote. And the author of this article says the other extremity of our city, if one site must be secured, to my mind presents the strongest inducement of a location altogether surpassing any other enemy. I would therefore suggest this location, and advise the good road eight broads of the way, be laid out commencing from the terminus of Washington Avenue Bridge and following the various curves and indentations of Mount Jordan and making a promontory of unsurpassed beauty that the old site of Fort Burroughs and Fort Avenue. A distance of one to a one and a half miles. This could probably be called Washington Park promenade. And on account of its unrivaled scenery as significantly, magnificently presented the refreshing breezes of Casco Bay and the retirement from the noise and dust of the city would it summon both embrace the small objects of the promenade and arrive with probably more acceptance to the public and less expense to the city than any less desirable location in the heart of the city. Now all that is by way of proposing very close to what we know today even almost the name Washington Avenue gets and a promenade. And the city undertook to link the fort to these other places by a road. In 1837 I brought a copy of the advertisement that appeared in the Portland Eastern Argus. Argus is the Greek word for eye. Hence the ship. Argus. Hence the newspaper. The newspaper was a lot crazier than the ship. The Eastern Argus in June 1937 has here the advertisement for the road makers who can apply to the political leaders of the city for the privilege of making this road. For those who understand how politics work you will always smile to know that the next advertisement down is for pork. That was the interesting thing to know and for us in the future years Eastern promenade does reach from Washington Avenue down the slope of Fort Street just with this proposal. And Port Avalon was in fact embraced here. The Eastern Argus remains grumpy. It's a working man's paper. The Indian is blunt and it says in 1837 great views but they'll do no good to nine-tenths of our citizens. No benefit at all for a great ground for the favorite view of the coach and for not to like to drive about. But it's an old argument. It's eternal in governing the city. What is useful versus what is beautiful? What does it cost? What is it worth? Eventually the Argus does come around. We say nothing about the expediency of the expenditure that would be no sense talking about it now they say but the drive is whatever important there is reason to be problem. We wish some of our friends who are apt to describe a beautiful city would furnish us with the description of the sublime and beautiful prospect from this new public improvement. We do know that in the year 1847 some people did drive out there President James T. Holt visited Portland Mainland he's the first president I know of to actually go to Fort Albert went there on a Saturday and now travel on a Sunday President James Monroe visited Portland in 1817 Clive Observatory Tower I think might have gone to Fort Albert he certainly went to Fort Preble and in 1924 the Martina Lafayette did visit Fort he did go to the tower and did at least drive around what would later become the Eastern Promenade but President Holt was there and with him James Buchanan the Secretary of State later President himself Holt is one of the least known but most successful American presidents annexed Exis on the Mexican War Buchanan is little remembered because he was one of the most unsuccessful presidents he twittled his thumbs and most of the war was coming it's the only time that I can find or two of the United States presidents went to Fort Albert at the same time one was successful unknown and the other were forgotten done Portland settles for nothing in between we do know that in August 1902 President Theodore Roosevelt did come to Portland and did with his horse and carriage take a tour down through Fort Albert he did stay to take in the view he is probably the first and may indeed be the only president who could look at that Fort and look at that view and know of a certainty the ship, the battle, and the man it referred to because in his youth he had been the author of a still fine book The Naval War in 1812 under the Civil War it's no real regular watch that I can detect from the newspapers of the time that was kept up at Fort Albert the militia drilled on the slopes of the hill Portland was really defended however by Fort Scamble for prevalent court porges then being built in 1858 to 1864 all of whom failed this every one of them failed this in June 1863 when revelators slipped in Portland Harbor and stole the United States President Bush, you've done it out past Portland headlight for getting pursued by Aussie and blowing it up the cannon that Stam at work out on today our Civil War surplus distributed after the war for generations by United States congressmen I believe the Thomas Bracken read it something to do with the king the ones that are there but they did not stand there dirty President Bush the first only have have and they did stop but they didn't believe us what they saw but what we love and enjoy every day they were able to see you know and in fact might not have been able to see it certain folks had their way back in the year 1890 the city did not board out and then the immediate land out plans were announced to build a summer hotel on the site which would have been the first house grand hotel built on the water side of the promenade would never have been the last if one had been built so how different views would have been but our city government purchased the site outright and made it an extension of the promenade and now we are up to the point of our modern day we have to hold the view cannon roll out and the president of the eastern prom roll in other hands other gamers roll in to make Ford Allen the place we don't belong you know to conclude I don't believe that young 28 year old would contend to believe Henry Allen ever saw the coast of the city I don't think he ever saw this city certainly never saw the highway which holds his name but it holds his fame and it holds its beauty and it approves the truth of Longville's home so many years ago to all of us who go there and take in the view and our private thoughts a boys' will is the wins' will and the thoughts of you that are long long Kirk's Resonade is also ready for a treat of course a pleasure our third speaker this evening is Martha Lyon she is the managing principal of Marker Land Landscapes Architecture in Northampton, Massachusetts where she has a practice specializing in design preservation and planning of historic and cultural landscapes the most appropriate for her to be working on historic modern part significant projects include the restoration of the Emily Nicholson Museum landscapes in Provincetown and the historic Sarajoga Racecourse currently she is directing restoration efforts at Congress Park in Sarajoga Springs and at the oldest house in Rocksbury, Massachusetts and she was the lead landscape architect for our Northampton Park restoration licensed practitioner landscape she pulls a master's degree from the University of Massachusetts and serves as an adjunct professor there and it's a pleasure to introduce her to you we've probably already seen her work but if not, we'll see her tomorrow morning and she's probably going to need a minute to just set up a powerful presentation and for the life of the modern constructors I will I really appreciate being asked to attend this and to participate in this so many people that I've worked with have scored here since we started working on this project and what are the things about the work I do and how often do I work with them and they also work with the town often always work with historic property so there's always a wonderful history that I have to kind of delve into and figure out and so we've had a map in my mind of how this park started and how it developed and changed over time and what we wanted to do to bring it back and so a lot of my work and things are just all about that and I'm going to share with you tonight some of the features that I've been talking about and it's time to draw inspiration on to this park I just want to say that we're going to spend some time on this one for a lot of changes over the years and if you were here in the last two years and you remember you'll see some pictures tonight so I will help you remember what it looked like before I found out the story there are many decisions that have to be made when you go about restoring the landscape on its size and its height and we can't always bring it back to exactly what it looked like and the late 19th century has always changed in many ways but we do the best we can and so you can see some of the features in one of our decisions so I think Herb gave you a great build up to pull this whole effort to make this what was kind of a leftover, a little quite beautiful place into something that became a public in Portland and in New York for many many years and so in the beginning as Herb said I wanted to look at the fort and then in the beginning of the 19th 19th century the city of Portland began purchasing land on the promenade the first acquisition of land was in 1928 and as Herb mentioned a road was introduced around Montjoy as early as 1837 and it had many advances in a couple and so we can see what the road was like so on the very right hand side someone recognizes you can see the road that was on the very edge and the other thing about this you know this one's going along that road on the promenade very early on the city had a great interest in greening the road the greening of this landscape continued today next 51 the edges of the prom for many years after the city began purchasing land and the road after this area continued to serve as a very functional place next so the railroad and the Victoria Ward were also developed and these two promenades and the great interest was in here next in 1860 the arrival of Alder the city constructed a fusion-labor archway in place of theirs going up to Fort Hanley and then the 18th promenades the plans that became went on to the grid from the heirs of the dairy family and ethnic countries and as you can see the wards are still standing the 18th down in the bottom left hand side in 1882 the city engineers named William Goodwin a very important person he prepared every valuation out of us and he showed a property on the intervention from Fort Hanley Fort Hanley there are two parcels of North Korea actually one owned by the Fessenden family one by the Dairings and then the Cummings the Fessenden and the Dairings were related and those are the two parcels that are in the center of this so again this great interest on the part has become very early in the 19th century part of the officials and so forth to really make this place on something special that the city could enjoy so the first upper was to purchase the land from the Fessenden and this is in 1890 and Goodwin, William Goodwin was an engineer he prepared a preliminary plan out of the parc and this is the plan here and this is the topography those are the lines that showed the contract for the plan what do people also see in this image those are not treats houses any of them? rocks, that's right there's also a little structure in the middle one so in 1890 1991 this is what the parcels like it was extremely bouldery and a bandstand this was one of the very first features to be constructed in the park next to it this little shelter we still know we love today constructed in some ways and improved but still has very much its character including the parcels we all love this rustic shelter was designed by Elder Wilson-Cock and John Calvin Stevens they built the cost of 350 dollars diamond stands we love that and you can see at the time when I first went out this is a very, very crude and rustic place those boulders were everywhere there was an event for it it was sort of a headline on its head and so an athlete had to be made early on to try to correct that very, very primitive this is the beginning of the road it almost looks like a stream that way and then the images of the old functional items on the right and then the bandstand sticks out pretty much a crude place so between 1890 and 1896 there was a huge output made to improve this part and this is when you start to see these elements go in many of which we have brought back in the most recent restoration and I'll explain that in a minute so what do people see in this image that you can see in the park today? the berms the old one Allen berms that I work at and you know the center walkway the benches, you got anything else? cannons cannons that were mounted on top of the berms they were really good work and the town streets stood along the proms and one of the striking images here for us as designers where it was the fact that what you see here is the trees are really lining the proms and providing a backdrop through which you walk and once you get into the park you have this fabulous view so it could give you a fact of the elements when you sit in the park and look at the water and that was the whole idea was to try to really force people out of the park to keep the plant in the park low so they could see out other creatures that were added in the 1890s were the cobblestone gutters which returned to the park and the plantings again low so they would be sort of the view but also give the park some character smell and as I mentioned the objects that were on the prom provided that strong touch in 1896 this is when the terraces were built that have become the popular viewing spot and my old boyfriend from the college of Brooklyn who lives there told me that he used to take his girlfriend to make out it was just as well as I remember the broad-eyed fencing that was originally put in in the late 1890s and it began with the lower terrace fencing which was in our area in the lower parking park and then later the upper terrace fencing and it's beginning in 1896 that's when the stops were started where we got to be built in between the two terraces now people a lot of times ask me about the use of concrete you know we think of it as kind of a modern material well I know that there is concrete back then but actually around the country concrete was very very fashionable kind of formal material so it's not unusual that the walks on the park were made out of concrete and terraces and it's her invention in the Rodney Candidate in 1900 as you saw in that earlier image they were looking on top of the verms and eventually pronouncing the characters after the initial construction of the park the park actually took up a little bit smaller than the space so in this image here you can see the town on and in 9 what can you see here on the Parment House what does the ownership of the land look like here it's all divided up right there are actually some private homes that are on what we think of as Parment House the mayor who was elected in 1892 is very concerned about the extent of private ownership I think largely because really your thought this could be a great public amenity and we would never be sorry for the use of the park if you don't reserve that then the public now would eventually rave on and then you will not be able to have a seat so he began he began advocating and purchasing land for other owners now the very bright part of this image you can see a pale blue color that's the original for a park so this narrower basically was what we think of is the horseshoe area today that was the original park but it expanded in 1904 in 1904 Baxter had made a deal to stock some land so he was able to expand the promenade of the park and also engaged the Olmstead which was formed into a whole plant Olmstead was not a picture of that point because the sun's and as you can see way down in the right-hand corner the right-hand corner there's where you are kind of wedged that little piece of the pond in the first second of the 20th century we had a fabulous a layers of trees along the pond and you notice in this image on the right side of the pond and on the left a little bit of water in 1911 there was an addition of land made to Fort Elm Park on the south side and this was a common spot that we saw earlier and that widened the park and brought it to 820 Fort Elm Park was to really kind of make it into a memorial park or a cemetery although it was on that direction but memorials have come into the park to put on a handle so here's some of the images of the memorials that came in in the early part of the 20th century her benches were made by the snake gun 1935 was the biggest office memorial 1926 the GAR memorial bench in the beginning of the 1930s and this is pretty typical of a lot of historic landscapes that were developed in the Victorian of the late 19th century period modernization became to happen a lot of modernization was spurred by the expansion of the use of the automobile so what we originally saw was the gravelly roads in the top of the stone gutters those were really appropriate for carriages once the automobiles came in this is where we started seeing some of the old features in the mood in the 30s the city was widening the roadway and they took out the gutters the cobstone gutters and put it in concrete curb the gutter so it was a big modern feature the mass came from the bridge of the U.S. Department of Justice the memorial was the park the memorial was on this is where you know after the 911 attacks a temporary memorial was established it's a Portland house and it's above the south side of the park what do you see in this image here that is striking to you about the character of the park trees what about the trees they're tenders they're other trees remember the old villages they were in 1900 they had alms along the street so we were going to the capital the alms all came down a lot of alms did and the park the little trees had expanded became big trees so you have this reversal of what was intended originally by the city and by Olmsted and by Goodwin that the view was really being constructed so you can see a good backdrop to open up to the view you know that and then in 1984 I think this was the crossing flow of the Red Island Park the city came in and they really eroded the historical integrity of it they straightened out the portion road so we usually had that level of permanent very straight, engineered really severe runway the beautiful wrought iron fence which you saw in that original historic photo that belonged kind of panoramic photo very delicate beautifully executed fencing with the moves so it really took on a much more industrial utilitarian look and that's really the park that we came to four years ago so here we are in a period of birth in 2004 there was a Mexican friend who told her a lot about the eastern farm and poured out of the park in particular they talked a lot about reintroducing the plant history which is there originally and you can understand why and in 2006 of the very concerned citizens come together and develop the plans of the eastern farm and on, you'll know about them today they're responsible for the work they've done out there one of the biggest projects in the country and then in 2010 as I mentioned it was four years ago I was hired and it's been my fantastic partner to prepare our solution plan to honor the 200th year of the park so for years it was a very involved process many, many citizens waited and it was great to know all of the input and some people kind of took it on their own so you can develop your own ideas you may recognize some people we did a model of the park so you can kind of look at it all confused at different times this year and next what we came up with at least was a design that really captured a lot of those old features that were lost in the first 30s then in the 1980s in May one that was destroyed by more people in different ways so for example over the way they said there were two re-instructions along the way there were walkways lightings along them low lighting but hopefully someone's been on a boat they can see what that looks like in the water you'll notice that all the memorials are connected now and that was something that City very much wanted and I think that really we just we were great to be able to just walk between them and not be walking on the white grass and you're kind of pulled from one to the other also the call of stone gutter is back next the plantains I have to give Regina a lot of love for this she's a reference person and she did a fantastic plantain scheme that you think you'll love and enjoy for a long time next one of my favorite parts of this was the return of the original fence I had to reconstruct that one photo and give it to a fantastic metal foundry and they were able to fill that it is steel and it's galvanized galvanized such as last year many many many years and of course we returned a lot of the ceiling that was taken in the new steps they are granite and then we had a fantastic amazing work on this whole project if you really did a bang on if you got to go and see the steps they were really quite special and then we had them re-create the granite posts that were there and growing the fence throughout and again I understand this is the 9-11 memorial and the people who were there with that it was a little structured before there were large tall landings in the view and we took those down and rearranged everything so we used to sit in the memorial and reconnections and so I'm hoping that this will be a long lasting place that people will be able to enjoy forever just the way it's sitting you want it to have people enjoying at the end of the 19th century there was a colony on this spot a commanding city here was proved one of the most popular resorts interested in the summer months and I hope you all come too the remaining minutes of our program we know in a sense turn the program over to you to the audience and I'm very happy to heal the questions to the different speakers yes, thank you I'm happy to come up with the idea he did not have anything to do with New England but he was a recently marred hero of the war and so they chose his name like Commander Lawrence, Captain Lawrence had no connection to Portland either but he was a famous marker of the war also in the battle with the justices don't give off the ship so he was immortalized you might today you might have named a four without a post which they have in Iraq portrays things like that it's the moment and the time yes sir I noticed a graphic on the part addressing the need for more funds to complete the payment what are the plans to deal with that deficit I'm not the person to answer that I just want to thank you for the dress up thank you thank you thank you for asking that question I agree with the $300,000 budget that included finishing touches on the landscape furnishings if you will in the city that are dedicated about $1.2 million to this project that included really the bones of the projects, the roadways, the sidewalks the lightning the landscape, the benches, the fencing and we're looking to return the cannons which we've been able to do by the hair of our chinny chin chin just in time for tomorrow and we have like a $300 $300,000 budget we've got about $70,000 remaining in that to finish the project with interpretive signage there's a stretch of what I am fencing that needs to be replaced and we have a recognition program for anyone who's interested in supporting that you can find me at our website we also have some information at our table out front and I'm happy to talk to anyone who would like to help us slide it in the home stretch and finish the project thank you for asking that question sir I'd like to learn about the Arctic Campaign what relation do you have with Irwin and Maine even why is there an Arctic mine thank you for putting sidewalk tour in anyway it was grassy only before the Arctic Campaign the Arctic Memorial is to commemorate the convoys this is the closest port to Europe it's also home of the 6th Fleet during World War II I think there was 300 marines that died making the voyage it was not only perilous because of the enemy but it was perilous because of the seas and not the Russians have been over here twice they've had their ambassador we've toured the area had great chats with them all of them told stories about how their parents were actually saved by those convoys walking around just did great justice and it was literally right across the river hundreds of liberty ships exactly and there's only one liberty ship left which is on the west coast now is the O'Brien is it 2-2 what's that O'Brien what are the plans if not Diane I just wanted to take a moment to thank everyone who's made this celebration as occasioned possible and if someone was told being silent gratitude is worthless I'll always remember that so I want to make special thanks to our distinguished panel she was instrumental in guiding this process downward process we had extensive public process through the historic preservation board through city meetings et cetera and just a lot of detail it was a lot of work and it just as a token thank you for your hard work and that's what you're starting so the original watercolor by C. Michael was actually in making this event come together so there's a symposium tonight and as you'll see tomorrow I hope you'll all be able to join us grateful that the weather gods look like they're going to smile so I hope I get to thank them but there's a lot that's gone into this and I could like to have our bicentennial committee the ones who are here stand up for speaker so they could be recognized Dan Haley