 For people who have been at Illry for any time, Brian doesn't actually need any introduction. But there are a number of new people, so it would be good probably to say a few things about Brian. Brian's been at Illred and Illry for 20 years. And he's been a very influential force in the evolution of Illred and then Illry over the years. And let me just highlight three or four things that Brian's contributed to. He was very important in the movement of Illry from just being behind its four walls in the lab to actually getting out into the field. So the kind of introduction of Illred to the developing world. And in introducing epidemiology and socioeconomics to that. He's also been very influential in the whole kind of international thinking about the role of animal diseases and poverty alleviation. And has written a number of influential things on that. He's influenced the new Illry strategy, he was on the task force that did that. And he's been very influential in some of our new thinking about markets and SPS and how we move on that. So you can see that Brian's made a tremendous contribution over the years to Illry. And it seemed very important to have some kind of a milestone to this fitting event that Brian will be retiring from the kind of full time service to Illry. He won't be ending his relationship with Illry, but this full time service at the end of March. And as a kind of milestone for that, and because of Brian's kind of long contributions as I've said, but his real passion for Illry, we wanted to capture some of his parting words. So this is the kind of parting words of Illry to Illry from Brian. So Brian, please. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. It is indeed an amazing pleasure to be asked to give you some rambling thoughts of mine. And John, thank you very much indeed for that kind of introduction for that. Let me get straight on. Many people have been entertained by this title, which is basically, I say with apologies here, to Lewis Carroll from Alistair Lookingblatt, who said, time has come, the world has said, to talk of many things, in the original, it said, of shoes and ships and ceiling wax of cabbages and kings, and why the sea is boiling hot and where the pigs have wings. Now, I've taken a few liberty of bringing in lifestyles, bringing chameleons and leopards, the concept of changing color, but not necessarily changing one's inherited characteristics. So I thought it might be very useful as a title. And the pigs have wings, well, the question is, will we reduce poverty meaningfully before pigs start to fly? Why is Seminar with John's part to explain it, basically I've been put out to past yet. A certain age, one is incompatible with the ill-read. Two relevance of Seminar, number one, I'm going to try and make a few comments on the positioning of ill-read as a global convener of change in the field of poverty reduction through livestock. And in that part, I actually had written something about two weeks ago and I basically abandoned it yesterday because I felt it would be more appropriate to draw on many of the things that have been said during these few days. And secondly, a slightly more light-hearted view of the dynamics of ill-read and her staff over some 20 years, some personal reflections. When we start on the more serious side, the key challenges in ill-read's task of bringing together livestock and poverty reduction. And we're faced with these huge weaknesses in developing country capacity that don't allow the optimal exploitation of their amazing livestock resources. And these are human financial and organisational and of course, technical as we all know. But the other major challenge, I think, is this increasingly divided, increasingly divided imperative of the developed and developed world. And they are, we brought many of them up during this meeting, the planet change, the disease control and the spread, which is going off and through the West and across these international standards. One of some of the key opportunities, I put three in, and I think these are central to our life. The multiple benefits of greater and higher quality market access at all levels. I think these are amazing. Secondly, and you may think I'm overstating this, but I believe the steadily increasing capacity to secure livelihood assets and reduce vulnerability. I believe, and we've heard many things these few days, that indicate that we're getting better at that. We're recognising the importance of vulnerability and analysing it and doing some of that. And of course third, the recognising advantage of natural resources. So the question we all ask is, is can a small player, very much research orientated, somewhat, depending on your view, unskilled in development issues, and somewhat of an ivory town, how can we play an optimal role? I suggest I put here some of my favourites, but drawn on your favourites, to adding value to other research and development initiatives through fostering greater understanding of the links between the livestock and poverty reduction. This targeting role, I really feel that that's a major opportunity and should be strengthened within the area in the future. The targeting role, the gathering of empirical evidence of the poverty reducing policies and strategies that we are involved in. The third point I put here is very important, and I'm going to come back to that in different aspects, is that the importance of products, a business plan, the choice of regions and partners. And this issue of opportunism versus idealism. We are more and more an idealistic institute, but we should also be thinking of these products and how we can take opportun moments. If animal health has been, as John said, one of my focuses, and I just draw one slide here to say, what I think are the important opportunities in animal health, but more animal health, four areas. This issue of protecting the very vulnerable and the role of the role of safety nets, this gets well away from traditional veterinary services in many circumstances. The issue of promoting market access at various levels, well, improving productivity, which you might say has an improvement in human health. But the key point here is that these will require a new range of animal health expertise to meet the demands and to complement traditional veterinary skills. And the books of things that Geoff Mariner and Chris did to this in terms of participatory techniques is one example of that. Now, looking at how we have managed this within the CG Livestock Institute, we had Ilka's farming research with tangible international products. And we then moved to Bilra. And the search for vaccine technologies, Risco, Spieber and Trapezolysis, Trapezolysis, two diseases, but nevertheless again produced these tangible products, particularly on understanding of the global and immune system, which were very important. Now, the new, our new role, since then, leaping straight into the world, is this, the emphasis more on policy, the focus on global public goods, this new geographical dispersion that has been, that we're being pressurized into quite rightly, the devolution of our activities to national and regional public. And of course, the nice external program and management review endorsement of this visionary and dynamic institute that we now have. I call this the sexy lady. I mean, we are, we look like the sexy lady. I'll talk about that in a second. But the question is, are we really a new species? Or are we simply the response of the chameleon? Are we changing colours and adapting? Humans really take an awful long time to evolve. And I suggest that we're possibly very much in the chameleon stage. Now, imagine, back to the sexy lady. We've got the stage set. We've got, we've gone to a concert. We're waiting for the singer to come on. And there it is. This is us. I'm afraid I haven't got beautiful singers, but I've got a beautiful lady polo there. And she comes on and she's about to open her mouth and this is literally, we all think it's great. But the question is, sexy, good-looking, bright and alert, but can the lady sing? And that's the key question that many people are going to be asking. So in other words, beauty and art are in the eyes of the beholders. And as I say, hey, EPM, our teams come and go. But the rest of our major stakeholders are here for a long time. And they may, and they have rather more synthesised, possibly, views as to where we are and where we're going. The important ones are the science council, the need for the science of the output, the CG as a whole and the need to think about funding. The donors, one with this agenda, one with that agenda, are national and regional partners who maybe have other agendas. And of course, the international agencies such as FAO, and they all have different views and they don't necessarily all see us as the sexy lady. And I'll come back to FAO in a moment. So how well does our new model respond to these varying demands of these and other clients? Just thinking of the production systems side of that, not our partners. We have a variety of people out there and clients with very different understandings. We've still got some hunter-gatherers around in the world with their views. We've got the more pastoral systems. We've got the smallholder mixed agricultural systems. We've got the more commercialised daring, the smallholder daring in Kenya. And we've got the more intensive all out there. Now, we have to be able to communicate with those. We have to be able to put our mission over to those. Can we do that? The clear message I'm saying is in this business of these partnerships, that's our business now, communication is paramount and two particular aspects of communication. So we now have a smart approach. We think we're pretty bloody good and we've got this idea. But in leadership, we've got to be leading and making sure that others are there, they're with us. Then we're not sitting, walking out in front and, oh, oh dear, they're behind. So leadership, so it's understanding of all those other groups that I was talking about, is absolutely critical. Awareness of the need to interact with many of the traditional disciplinary based organisations. And they're not just ones that are old fashioned and a national veterinary services or something. Some of the big international organisations also have that characteristic. And so messages explaining our contributions are absolutely essential and particularly as we go out into new horizons and new territories and try to convince people that we're the right people to do business with. And of course, in that, just to remind you that there are many politicians involved in it and politicians like simple messages. I don't think... But this one with the cryptic and then... This relationship with our key international partners is critical. I'm going to spend a little moment on this. And there emerges in a rather fuzzy image, FAO. I believe FAO is an absolutely critical partner. And I really believe that we haven't got our app together with FAO or FAO hasn't got this app together with us. I feel that that is a real challenge. This is a leading, implementational organisation. We have relations with individuals but we should be in a much stronger partnership. So I just used that as an example of one of these where I do feel that there is a misfit. Okay. I am attracted very much to the different pillars of pro-pro-growth. Now, Carl and I have used this in a recent paper because I think it actually nicely fits in to our pathways. I mean, I think there's been some iteration back and forth. So the four pillars are, number one, creating strong incentives for growth. This is the big picture, the right environment, the peace of stability and incentives for growth and the role of the private sector. Secondly, this fostering international economic links, access to technology, managerial skills and markets. So links internationally helping bring things in and exchange ideas in all directions and the learning process by the developing, the developed partners and of course, speeding knowledge transfer. The third one is this broad access to assets and markets and that is very central to Hillary, the aiding distribution of the benefits from growth, harnessing countries, labour and initiative. And lastly, the risk and reducing risk of vulnerability. And again, that's central to our programme, enabling the poor to engage in economic activities that are riskier but more profitable. So I really like this. Another thing I really like, which is the six big issues. Now, the other night in the bar in a discussion with Bruce, we were discussing the geographical dispersion of Hillary. One of the points that Bruce made was, look, we did that study a few years ago, we know where the poor are and that's where we're going to go. We've got to be constantly revising where we are going and how we're going. Okay, we've got to have clear programmes and messages but we need to be thinking how we can mould those, use what we've done and build them and move them forward. I like these six big issues. First of all, they were raised as funding opportunities and they are compelling, in my view, as funding opportunities. Secondly, I really believe that they have lots of appeal as operational areas, particularly as we move into this new, wider geographical mandate. And thirdly, they build on our traditional pathways. I'm going to put them up there just to remind you. They build our pathways. There are some of our pathways in there. But most importantly, and I think this is one of our failings, is that they bring livestock to this broader development agenda. The word livestock doesn't appear in these big issues but there are all sorts of other issues in them. So they are small holder assets and vulnerability, the market access. We've been through these, the production intensification and the first three, of course, are parts of our themes. The special needs of pastoral areas, the impacts of climate change and the need to respond to emergencies. I've actually changed the avian flu to the need to respond to emergencies because I think that is where we might move. So I think, as I said, these are compelling and I really feel that they, even from an operational point of view, if anyone in Illry can contemplate changes in our operational structure. Let me put this little idea forward. So I believe, as an example of this, the need to apply poverty reduction mechanisms, context to engaging both the policy and the development actors. Now I'm going to use an example of animal health. So I'm going to say, let's look at our pathways protecting assets and reducing vulnerability and promoting market access. We already know that some certain diseases we can put in some of these pockets. So Newcastle disease, for example, is a big thing on protecting assets and reducing vulnerability. Of course, it's also got a little bit of some market access issues. Avian flu is a little bit of both. Ravies, clearly, is there. Cystisercosis, some vulnerability, but a huge thing on marketing. East Coast fever, more in the vulnerability where it occurs. So that is simplistically putting diseases there. If we then start to apply this at a regional level and put a production systems context into it. So let's say, let's look at the pastoral systems in the horn and then do our same little pathways on which diseases fit. So we've got risk value fever in the horn, possibly foot and mouth with all the exports. And our mixed crop livestock in Southern Africa, Newcastle's leaf clearly emerging, tick-borne diseases, and then on the train we've got foot and mouth again. And one could go on and doing this process. However, the next really is trying to think of if we're going into... if we are thinking of our partners both in terms of the policy makers and the implementers of both ends of the spectrum. So we're in the business of... they are all in the business of producing assets or using vulnerability. And these are our systems. Our disease is just one of those constraints. We've got the climate shocks and we've got the water access and we've got the service provision. So what I'm saying is that both at the sharp end but also at the policy end we need to have a much greater integration with all these different players if we're going to be successful. It's no good that disease people walking in there all on their own and trying to be successful, necessarily. And of course also exactly the same in the promoting market access, although some of your columns are going to be different looking at input markets and output markets in those different environments. In summary, the need to put our livestock market vulnerability animal health and other issues into a much broader development and natural resource context. Interest in the impact of your research on policy. Now this is, I'm going to talk a little bit about research outputs to policy outcomes because this is something that we have touched on a little bit this week but I think it's absolutely critical. And once you publish that paper isn't that good enough? Come on, I mean you can put it in the MTP and we've got that as an output. I think for most people, but not all it is rather aspiration, of course. How do you not remember that paper it must have had, someone really must have changed their mind as a result of that. It had that great impact. Should we not be able to translate this aspiration into more institutional mechanisms to ensure that we have this impact? And so we need to start to be thinking about well what is needed to do that? Is it just having one person on the project that has to be thinking about what next or I hope it's a bit more complicated but that's a good start. What is involved in doing that and for which types of research is it relevant and which types not. Let's tease that out and be much clearer on this. I'm going to give you a couple of examples and these are some that I took from a the conclusion I gave in the work of Professor Lewis there. One, the Rinderfest control. Now the Rinderfest control was totally top down. It was decided that Rinderfest shall be radical. So it was the top down initiative and in 2015 we went on for a first hour week in 1977 then it re-emerged in Mauritania and the Rinderfest control came up and the case broke down. Then my question is here did the participatory approaches that were brought in at the last minute save the day? It was and this is a lot from Jeff Mariner and Grace Van Cleister and other people who were working there the persistence of infection in the Afar region and the need to change from this blanket immunisation which was the programme there into much more strategic vaccination focused on the Afar region where the problem was and then the introduction of participatory epidemiology approaches to try and understand where disease was and then focus in on those and initially I put from heresy to acceptability because originally in the pace programme long before your day of course it was thought of as being somewhat heretic but that has been accepted still with some controversy and then as a little bit of a tongue in cheek I say at the end did livestock keepers really want to have Rinderfest here again? Another one which I put in a lesson in research to policy failure is the East Coast fever control by infection and treatment now you all know about infection and treatment which is the idea that you have these you inject these sphorozoites in so you have stable H from infected ticks storage in straws and tell your umbrella with antibiotics they go in there you need to monitor it was developed over 25 years ago David Radley and others but not widely used some possible contributors to the failure it was very much owned by researchers and all these wonderful researchers who of course as they often do niggle them and say well my work is more important than yours and you have forgotten this and that so what if too much influence placed on different strains etc there was very little dialogue with the end users as to what they wanted they were crying out for something did the breakup of the East African community affect that and the Muguga facility there was no dialogue with the private sector at all and of course there were also ownership issues within some of the institutes involved so frankly it was a lesson that we should learn from a lot and I'm very happy to say there is this new initiative with GALVME that is trying to address some of these issues I very much like this policy research and policy and development a rapid analytical framework that has been produced by ODI the OCC's Development Institute in the UK I think it's really a nice thing for us to think about in our policy is our research outputs to policy outcomes the political context all the political and economic structures the evidence which is a lot of our role and of course the links between policy and research communities and then bearing in mind that there are always these external influences on this then when you start to transfer that into these interfaces you see that there are certain roles that we could play so you've got the politics and policymaking the research learning and thinking and the media advocacy but the interfaces are all relevant to us the policy analysis and research bringing the politics and the research together the scientific information exchange and validation side and last but certainly not least is the campaigning and the lobbying so these are all I really like this and this is ODI's thinking but I just thought it was useful to share I'm going to now move to the second part which is more a little bit lighter which is looking at the dynamics of Hillary and her staff over 20 years and as John said I mean I started my life and these are pictures from those days here in Ethiopia in some virtue a few years ago involved in this in this really best control and doing all sorts of other things too but my days in the CG system started with Ilrat and here we have the triumvirate that were brought in to restore order to the ailing institute that had been started with the help of Rockefeller Fund and Jack Ross Gray and Roger Rowe Roger by the way always had that smile on his face even when he was giving you really serious messages he did and a little title that Ross Gray was given was the sheep in wolf clothing normally it's a wolf in sheep's clothing but Ross had his bark was very loud he would suddenly do all sorts of things but underneath most people but not all believe that he had a heart of gold Jack Doyle who was the director of research and I've written intellectual brilliance in the bunker Jack spent a lot of his time most of his time in the bunker there was an advantage that in the early evening you could go and catch him in the bar if you wanted to and many people did now in the bunker I mean critical as I put here but do the demands of the job make it a bunker based operation I'm looking at 2007 here not looking at any particular but thinking as you know looking at issues of the leopard and its spots in seriousness I started off there and we then moved to there we then moved to there and then moved to there and now we're finally there and it started with this little group ill rights socio-economics I started by the Rockefeller Rockefeller Foundation in 1987 Barbara Grandin, Margaret our secretary Adrian McKelvie, P. L. Saad who came in, she was my PhD student at the time and that lab 8 third place was opened by Ross Gray and the Swiss who financed that we have Jack Adrian and others in those early days a really important player as far as we were concerned in starting that program was Bill Thorpe Bill Thorpe I actually believe Bill Thorpe is his contributions to Ilka and Illery are grossly understated possibly under-recognized Bill has been exactly the sort of person that the institute is now seeking in terms of this leadership and partnership and facilitation we started this work down at the Kenya coast with Carrie, Ilka and Illry it was the initiation of this work that we did on endemic stability having tick-borne diseases in various parts and this nice picture by the way comes from Stella Masawi who is in the room who is looking at at East Coast Fever risk in the region and young Suvash here looking very young he had a little bit more hair and not so gray and Suvash of course played a very important role in the tick-borne diseases and I was here pulling his leg at the fact he was trying to compete with me and Greg a beer then we had the other players and again some of these lovely cartoons from Declan McKeeback Dear Alan Young who was the last real authority on the dynamics of Taleria Parva John Young who really looked like that or looked like that he would be captured and John was the complete sight-whisking buried in the in the labs at all times of the day and night Declan also did this lovely picture of Peter Doherty who of course was the chairman of our program committee and he even had the cheek to do one of me interestingly the last external review of Illy there was a certain gentleman who was sitting in the second row who was on that who sort of said epidemiology right what we really need is some quick and dirty economics we don't need to know the science behind what's going on we need to that's why we put EPM team members is a subtle way of describing that it was Carlos on them so he said for goodness sake get rid of epidemiology and actually he was absolutely right at that time I believe that he was right luckily Illrad didn't take any notice of him life might have been quite different but at that time we had one economist and here we were trying to put diseases in context the merger with with Ilka of course gave us far too many economists we've been struggling with that ever since so then what happened Illy was born so first of all looking like this which as I've always described as the gibbon in the cage then we moved on to that one and then guess what we had the arrival of Ilka man to to look after us so coming directly from one institute to the other and what fun that was ironically Hank and I are working together on a project from our point of view we then became the systems analysis and impact assessment group which was actually the start of the theme one in those days which has luckily gone a long way much further from what we were so looking at production systems focus strategic research whether the institute with which systems which species so we started to think in these terms and then looking at strategies and policies for delivery adoption and impact however the heavy duty politics at that time in this transition and so that little systems analysis and impact assessment group which I led was then divided into three and I might say that the three which started off very small all three grew in size and in capacity and in product which is rather nice so we had systems analysis which Phil Thornton then moved into taking over we had livestock in the environment and Robin in the back there took over that in epidemiology disease control which which I did then we came into this era of the epidemiology and disease control and you recognize a few familiar faces familiar faces here Andrew Derrigu who's gone Henry Kiara and of course this young man John and Tom and I'm going to come back to them in a second then the changing of the guard and in came Carlos and introducing new personalities new ideas and I would I've written notes here to make sure I don't sort of mess it up you know Carlos and I I think have had a very functional relationship I always describe it to many present in the room and externally describe Carlos as a breath of fresh air and I still maintain that I think you know I'm not the psychophantic type so and I've always had the highest respect for him we're both I think dedicated people we're both possibly emotional people and committed people so then this is now this is a very personal thing at that sort of stage came this and also in the previous merger of science versus management and destiny and evolving forces I actually clearly I mean I was a young scientist I was doing reasonably quite well in the era of of ill-read I was the equivalent of one of the one of the three or four directors and I had that role from whatever it was five six seven years and it went well then then in came Hank and then clearly what I describe here is the eyes of the psychophants and the marginalization of the conscientious objectors and I was and I was I don't know whether that captures it but but I was one of the conscientious objectors and so Heinz Selassie also used to do this as other as other political leaders is Heinz Selassie used to post people to the afar or somewhere like that and then but then we've now moved into the new ill-read and the era of political correctness I characterise it on now Carlos so here I had already suffered the hands of Hank because I was too outspoken and one of the conscientious objectors Carlos you could always tell whether Carlos is thinking positively his expression gives it away immediately so I pulled this photograph out and captured it there because the problem that I had is in a PC environment leadership and outspoken Polo players just do not go together and I'm afraid that was me so but however the sailing grace was and I put this down here I believe Donald Herr and I don't know this but Donald Herr who I've always respected and I think and I very much admire the way Carlos has brought him in from the outside regularly to look at ill-read management I believe that Donald Herr said ok well look, Perry's going to be a bloody liability in many cases but for goodness sake he might be able to contribute something so how are you going to cope with that so there was a brief appearance of this livestock resources group and I put group because you see the group sailing right now so anyway it didn't last too long and then the market steam came in and Chris very kindly asked me to be part of that group so my retrospective synthesis of this is we had an era of basic research which was sound science products but totally unsustainable within the changing CGI environment we then had a botched integration period with a loss of confidence but many opportunities for entrepreneurial pockets to thrive and I believe that that's when John Tom and I for example and Robin and Phil Thornton and others and the small hot dairy that were able to do that and we now have this new paradigm of poverty reduction pathways the stunning blonde that I mentioned before of the CG brings renewal of confidence let me some low spots of the last 20 years and I've got here the red APM the cocktailed endless diatribe from the front and serious hangovers and if you look at this picture look at the son he's totally asleep and then you look at that little stuck in the back there John who's sort of thinking where else could I be but most important I want to emphasize is some high spots now my wife said please remember they're personal high spots because for many people in the audience they won't be high spots again first of all the people of Illery and that is seriously and genuinely a major high spot because over these 20 years I have come across some amazing people and that's captured in this picture some more individual ones there have been two major occasions in which I believe that the product has been infinitely greater than the sum of the parts this was one, this was this partnership between myself, Alan Young and Andy Norville on the epidemiology of tulliureosis and it was just an amazing process and we all had so much fun and I think got to produce so much more the second one I've got here is the which I'm not now talking about the greater than the sum of the parts the second one was the ISV ISV94 we organised this international society for better epidemiology and economics, the Kenyans amongst you will remember but we'll recognise Simi and Nia Chai here who is still actively engaged in politics he was their Minister of Agriculture and dear Lucy Kirori who was my Secretary at that time and is still working hard as a Minister of Support a high spot was our nomination this age funded project in Southern Africa on Heartwater with all these different institutes and we were nominated for Illy but we didn't get it in the CG now this is the other greater than the sum of the parts which was a combination over several years between John Tom and myself and there were many products and it was a great partnership in which we all had brought different things to the table and this was one of those now John I've known for a long time John came originally to CEDA supported projects at the University and came over and asked if I would help be an external reviewer and we linked in with various Masters and other students and I've always had a very nice constructive, collaborative productive relationship with John but John sort of went then he went upwards ok Thomas then you've got Tom and again Tom I always admired and respected Tom Tom came in from Rice and he came in knowing nothing about livestock he brought his first task when he arrived I said I've got to give this paper on the economics of disease control generally would you like to be part of that Tom then buried himself for two months in all the economics papers and did an absolute fantastic job at the end of our group Tom I don't know I think he then went a little bit like Ian Smith Ian Smith as you know declared this unilateral declaration of independence, UDI you remember the days of not in a thousand years are we going to have a black government in Rhodesia I don't know whether Tom translated it or never in a thousand years I'm going to join theme three but I'm happy to say that I understand that he might be becoming more involved in theme three and maybe the last laugh will be in him because theme two has disappeared so even if he joins the market's theme it'll probably be theme two so he went this way the ones that we had we partnership with FAO on the SPS issues which very nice it was nice to get this outstanding scientist award and you notice here it was also rather fun to say hello to Robert McNamara apart from his political background and his intellectual strength it was also quite nice because I don't know he was sort of in his 80s and I think he just married a 30 year old or something like that Susan McMillan I put up here Susan has been so supportive but as have many and I don't like to introduce individuals into this but Susan has always been thinking about the communications role and as I said that is one of my points that I think is very important my colleagues in Central America Edwin and Federico here and all their products that are emerging from that region our recent global roadmap from India which is now to turn into this report which will be launched in FAO on the 17th of April and then this continuing the sort of this is my last thing familiar in the bigger one looking at this poverty reduction animal health now just the last moment this is my father on the left hand side who I always respected a great deal this is rather fun, this is not a real car this was a hunt somewhere in Norfolk he said to me all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy so I've tended to as you probably know this was taken in 1974 at the last race meeting at what used to be Jan Poimeda and this is me crossing the finishing line now whether all the other horses were here I'm not going to tell you this is Jan Poimeda and this is when my wife and I went back two years ago to have a look and you could see amazingly the stewards box is still there whether it's a national heritage monument I got him heavily involved in many years in show jumping and eventing and more recently in Polo in fact even we won this eight-gold tournament at the Kenya Open last year and you add all the other ages up and you still don't come anywhere do you there are problems so occasionally these are Polo balls and occasionally even problems in the I want to finish on the note to say thank you very much we've seen pictures of my wife I'm lucky enough to have two delightful daughters who I will be able to possibly spend more time with in the future and I very much look forward to that I'd like to thank you all for your support and this is the lights are still on in the evening thank you very much