 Okay good afternoon everybody you're very welcome to this edition of the ESB lecture series lecture entitled smart networks for the energy transition I'm Fergal Vaknamara and I'm going to try to chair this session today and I'm really delighted to welcome to the Institute Professor Nikos Hatzeguru, Nikos you're very welcome. Nikos is the chair of the European Technology Platform for smart networks the energy transition he's also the chairman of HEDNO which is the Greek distribution system operator and equivalent of our ESB networks and he's also a professor at the National Technical University of Athens. From ESB's perspective this is part of the ESB lecture series and we're delighted to be associated with the Institute and delighted to be involved with this lecture series which I hope you found useful those of you that have been attending the series. What we're going to do today is is the usual format the speaker will present for 30 minutes or so and that will be on the record it'll be filmed and afterwards the Q&A session will be under the Chatham House Rule which as you know you may use the material in the Q&A but you may not attribute it to this house or to any person who's here in the room. I try to finish up two o'clock or just very shortly afterwards and can I please ask you to put your mobile phones on silent and those of you that wish to tweet the tag is at IIEA. So I suppose about the energy transition it goes it's very important to us to understand the transition and when we talk about the transition it's always important to know where the destination is and you and EITP SNET have contributed this piece of work and vision for 2050 involving 200 stakeholders in Brussels over what two three years and you built on the 2020 vision that that also was produced by the same platform. I've looked at the vision and I've counted up seven or eight adjectives in this and some concepts around circular economy and some concepts around Europe being a continuing leader in the world energy industry so we'd be very interested to hear your talk and you're most welcome to the answer to this. Thank you very much for allowing me to stand because being Greek I think I'd like to do my hands more. So thank you very much. I'd like to thank the Institute for its invitation. I'm very glad to be in Dublin and speak to you. I wanted to speak with you. So what I'm going to present is the vision of the EITP SNET for 2050 and just to make things into context let me summarize what happened in the EITP and a certain innovation in energy sciences. So 2008 the same plan was announced of the strategic energy technology plan that has set these famous very big goals for 20% in our gas emissions, 20% in energy in private production and 20% in energy efficiency. And then in 2014 we were able to create a roadmap that spoke about individual technologies and then put in a higher target of 40% of our gas emissions, 27% in energy efficiency and that also provides several policy challenges. And kind of we have the famous energy union priorities, what is called the winter packets that also puts new packets as new regulations that there is no discussion about. And just in 2016 the EITP SNET was formed. It is then the European Energy Innovation platform of Smart Networks for Energy Transition. And in fact this was a result of a unification of previous fragmented initiatives for the advisory bodies and initiatives from Europe. Basically there were two groups, it was the Smart Grid, the European Energy Platform, the Electric Networks and then the EGR which was the effort of the TSOs and TSOs to show the way that you had the commission for the energy transition regarding networks. So these activities were unified by the EITP SNET in 2016 and the EITP now have a new focus on innovation implementation and mainly on sector coupling, so it's not only now the Electric Networks but in all kinds of networks, also gas and liquid fuels, thermally and so it's beyond smart electricity grids, speak about the home and the system. The mission of EITP SNET is to set out the vision for the sector of innovation for smart networks and then get stakeholders to this vision to prepare and update the strategic system of innovation roadmap to report on the activities at European, national and industrial levels and regarding SET plan to provide input to the SET plan Action 4 which is related to energy networks and mainly the flexibility of energy networks so how the system can work with very high penetration in your premises. Identifying innovation barriers, developing knowledge-saving mechanisms to help bring results to the employment and the last point is perhaps the unique feature of EITP SNET is to provide a consolidated stakeholder view. So that's important because EITP SNET, for the first time, consolidates the views of all stakeholders and the energy. And these are TSOs, TSOs, these are TSOs, national employees, so we have also members of the ZNU, various nationals from Europe to the academy, storage, both technology and service providers, consumers, aggregated in terms of individual organizations. Thermal generation, here we speak about flexible generation so this is how to help the system operate with very high penetration. We are interested in the last thermal units, but in the thermal generation it is flexible to help the system operate. Renewable social generation, again, how renewable tools can provide flexibility by being controlled or provided services. ICP, both medical and social providers, equipment manufacturers, suppliers, the big manufacturers, and data-fetched energy carriers that you also have somewhere from regulators. So everybody is in this organization and what is important is that we try to provide consolidated views and it's very difficult to provide a meaningful view that has been agreed by all of these factors. There's a lot of discussions, a lot of exchanges and concessions. How it is organized, there is a governing board that is also the European Commission, is there a voice? It's 30 members, plus representing all these stakeholders. We have an executive committee of nine members and then we have a national stakeholders' coordination. So national stakeholders, not all nations of European Union participate but there are some representative members, persons. And then we have an expert coordination via five permanent working groups and all of this is assisted by the ETIPS Nets Secretariat which is funded by the Intensives for Review Project, which is a European project that funds the administration, secretarial support of all these organizations. But the actual work is done in the five working groups that are working group one, speak about reliable economic and efficient market systems about the real system, the system. And then, working group two, speak about storage technologies and several interfaces. Working group three, about flexible generation, both thermal and renewable. Working group four, about the stylization of customers. And working group five, about innovation, implementation. So how it can bring the outcomes, the main outcomes of research to industry, to business environment. There's a group that coordinates the national stakeholders. So in a few words, this is perhaps an important work group that sets the priorities, the requirements of the system. So that's mainly chaired by TSOs or DSOs. And then we have these three flexibility resources which is storage, flexible generation, and active consumers participated by the stylization. We have this working group that tries to bring research outcomes to the product environment. We have the national stakeholders group that provides what is done with national funding, so this is coordinated. So in fact, where we are at the moment, as I said, we were born in 2016. Now we are, in June 2018, we have published the vision. So this is what we're going to talk about today. Then at the moment we work on the 10-year roadmap because this is just a vision. You won't get many answers to just, we see a vision. But then you must see what steps you have to take to realize the vision. So this is done now next through the European, through the 10-year roadmap, the implementation plan that is divided back into three-year periods. And all this will be provided as input to Horizon Europe. And in fact Horizon Europe is very heavily influenced by the recommendation of this group. So if you look at Horizon, the previous working program usually had a lot of influence from the European platforms, like Greece. Now we believe, we think that that would be the main input of what should be done regarding such innovation in Horizon Europe. So the goals are what we always have set for many years, which is affordable energy for market-based mechanisms, security, resiliency, reliable supply and environment. So the three main pillars, they remain the same also in this current vision. And in fact, what is the main idea from the current system that you have little renewable inputs, mainly fossil fuels and raw materials, low circularity, low cycling, small scale CO2 capture, in efficient conversion, so the result is high CO2 emissions, high waste generation, to come into an integrated industrialized energy system, efficient system with renewable sources of input, almost full circularity, little waste, little CO2 emissions, recycled materials and CO2 capture and use. That's the dream. And let me come to the vision. So when we speak about the low carbon, secure, reliable, resilient, accessible, cost efficient, market-based, pan-European, decrepit energy system, supplying the economy for a fully CO2 neutral, circular economy by 2050. And that's perhaps new. So what's more or less discussed before, maintaining and extending the global European cost-efficiency energy systems. So also, we need to see how Europe maintains its leadership currently in whatever it has or also expanding its leadership, and also during this transition. Okay, this is the pictorian that summarizes really all this vision. Very convenient that it looks like W. Here's the port and the airport and everything in the right place. It's inspired by W. So in all these small boxes, there are elements of this vision. I know we can't read them, but just let me describe them. So in fact, to speak about the system with a variety of additional sources, both centralized and decentralized, so both large thermal, large stations and also distributed sources, and these are fully or large circular. So what you see here is nine energy numbers to very large energy numbers. You see no coal, no gas. There is a little nuclear, and that was a lot of discussions about nuclear. It should be clear now. It's not our vision, but several countries insist that by 2050, nuclear will not be without energy. So it's necessary even that nuclear will be here. And even liquid fuels will have been replaced by synthetic fuels or fuels generated by renewable energy. So you will have a fully or largely circular production system. Where the customer will be fully engaged. So if you see it here, you see zero energy buildings, smart cities, renewable communities, peer-to-peer energy trading, heat pumps, solar thermal generation, rooftop solar, energy communities, all the various resources, distributed resources. Many forms of storage, not only electrical storage through batteries and through university hydros, but also storage in gas networks, storage in liquid fuels, all forms of storage. And this is a particular emphasis on storage in this region. So that's for instance how today the electricity market works. We have dispensable non-renewable, we have dispensable renewable and variable renewables, which is which or etc. in demand. In the future you have an automated value-based storage conversion where of course the pigs are covered by stored energy and from your service you store the energy etc. So you have a more efficient system. And you have convergent technologies, widely used, all forms of convergent technologies, power to gas, gas to power and heat through these technologies. You have power to liquid, power to heat, that's of course common today. So you have all forms of convergent technologies. So you have a system, you have networks that exploit all the flexibility provided by the other networks, fully integrated networks. Electricity, heating and cooling, gas and data and a lot of digitalization. To make all this system work, you need of course digitalization, you need exchange of data, you need exploitation of the data in all forms to provide logistics that help the system operate efficiently. And again all forms of wireless communication, wireless communication, all technologies are clouded. So, now let's look at the building blocks of the vision. In all this activity, customers are supposed to be in the center. They have the central role of how the system will operate. So there are three basic principles that can be identified. One is markets and markets will enable price-based coordination. So, based on a various forms of development generation with no substance anymore, you will allow system that is efficient exploiting the new rules with market rules. You will have an optimal use of new rules. Whether demand across Europe, so it will enable diverse use of resources, buy more synthetic gas, will enable and use value for industrial products and also for houses, also for aviation and for shipping and non-business tracking. And as I said, storage will be also taken full advantage from seasonal to hourly variations. Digitalization and communication is the second important ingredient. You will have information with technology like Internet of Things that will exploit the wide installation of smart meters and sensors to the network that will provide data for real-time monitoring and control for the information needed but only from sensors but also from other activities that they have in our society. You will have analytics for the mining, you will have all the information of the data from the network and massive connectivity and massive exchange through machine to machine and all these widely connected machines in the system. And finally you will have the integration and the collaboration with the customer and the physical system and by that I mean between TSOs and DSOs because as you know now flexibility is very important so you need flexibility not only from the connected network electricity, gas and heat and buildings, etc. but you also need to have a cross-collaboration between TSOs and DSOs and in fact as system developed and more and more new the flexibility is displaced, a thermal generator at the transmission level that is displaced gradually by the new generation which did more flexibility and naturally in place of bigger source now exist more and more a distribution network for you have the most distributed generation connected you have more active customers connected electric base, etc. these are flexibility sources and it's an ongoing discussion how this will be exploited by TSOs, DSOs and several models that can help both balances and also congestion dealing with congestion in the system subsidiary is another important concept which means that systems must exploit must rely as much as possible to the local optimization of the system and the problem in the higher levels when they cannot deal with it locally so again the ideas of microgrids, the ideas of globalized communities all this is thought of taking an important role in the future and final automation I mean you see now the system highly automated not of course manual but more automation and automatic services and remote control, etc will be installed in the system as well as equipment now that are more based on flexibility provided by power electronics by fax systems and all these mutilations so that's another picture of how the future grid systems will look like so you have here a generation that is provided mainly by renewable electricity also new electricity and heat new electric cooling the renewable gas, the renewable fuel and you see here the consumption which is noted by two way arrows which means the concept of consumer who not only consumes but also produces electricity everywhere in households in the industry, in agriculture and you see a much more wide amount of electricity for the development of ground transport, marine aviation so you have this new change also in the energy consumption in the middle are the networks so you have the gas networks, the thermal networks and the liquid fuel networks that are interconnected through local compression technologies you have gas storage, heating and cooling storage and the main electricity storage the batteries as high as you have all the interconnector the combustion source gas to heat, gas to power or to heat or to gas or to heat etc so that's how the system will look like and the electricity network is the backbone of this system it's the most important vessel type type of network and it's made for the system of air so the first network is the backbone of the grid system and you see all these other energy networks being interlinked and supporting each other regarding the flexibility of the system so the framework of the radar is as I mentioned before you can see the world economy already Europeans are quite advanced in some aspects for instance in standards there are some good there is some leadership in standards there is some leadership in other fields so this is to be strengthened and expanded all these protocols will bring economic disruption and so creation to see how new business will be formed how education will be transformed how it will create new specialities, how the university will adapt to these new challenges we need to think again about the governance and financial processes there is the feeling that at the moment the business is not done perhaps optimally there needs to be more important how to bring the sets into product to make more use of what is created in the European projects and it is important also to the last message I said that we need to up to date we need to bring stakeholders together we need to get parts, make platforms stakeholders, communities with benefits because if we don't do it today the time is passing very fast and Europe will be there behind and so that's my talk thank you very much for that