 Je donne la parole à madame Nathalie de La Palme, qui est des artistes exécutifs de la Fondation Moe Ibrahim. Il y a undoubtedly un impact, jusqu'à notre maillement, mais des risques concernant le reste. L'économie et le social impact sont moins qu'à d'autres régions. Mais, en le même temps, c'est probablement une grande opportunité. Je n'ai pas oublié. Il faut appuyer. Quand vous pouvez la parole, s'il vous plaît, appuyez sur le bouton. Parce que quand vous appuyez, tout est enregistré. Quand vous appuyez, le micro vient vers vous et la caméra aussi. Merci. Tu m'as entendu ? Ah oui, c'est beaucoup mieux. Je suis désolé pour cela. Mais, en le même temps, la santé, l'impact, la maillement jusqu'à maintenant, mais les risques concernant le reste. L'économie et le social impact sont moins qu'à d'autres régions. Donc, on n'a pas été entrés au post-COVID en Afrique. Encore une fois, c'est probablement une grande opportunité pour réveiller le modèle de l'economie. Si nous prenons la santé, il y a plus d'impact et plus d'impact. Maintenant, pourquoi plus tard et plus tard ? Plus tard, parce que nous avons, en fait, une décision impressive, immédiate action d'Afrique, instructée par Ebola, et supportée par une forte leadership. C'est important d'éloigner que, à l'aéroport de l'Afrique, et en tant que gouvernement, en fait, la plupart des pays de l'Afrique ont déployé des banques plus rapides globalement, qui ont rapidement apporté nos capacités de tracé, et qui ont mis en place des mesures de lockdown. Beaucoup ont fait une relation potentielle avec la majorité de jeunes et une possible immunité induite par Malaya Coverage. Le climat sait, mais la recherche est en train de regarder. D'ailleurs, la première wave a apporté relativement tard et restait initialement moins forte que dans d'autres régions. Mais peut-être que c'était seulement un autre cas de l'Afrique qui était derrière. Et maintenant, la plupart des régions au niveau double sont sur la 4e wave. D'accord, quand la plupart des régions sont sur la route pour la récupération, beaucoup de pays africains sont déjà sur la 4e wave avec un rate de vitesse qui est en train de prendre plus et plus de vitesse. Si nous prenons les numéros, exactement 4 mois plus tard, au 1er mai, nous avons eu un petit peu plus que 4,56 millions de cases récordées. Exactement 4 mois maintenant, au 1er octobre, nous avons 8,32, ce qui est un rate de plus que 80%. Un rate de plus que 80% au cours des dernières 4 mois. Plus si nous sommes francs, nous savons seulement que les données sont récordées et nous avons besoin d'être conscients ici parce que nous tous connaissons la faute de la date africaine. Juste un fact, seulement 4 pays de 54 ont un système de déficit de mort. Maintenant, pourquoi plus profond ? Parce que c'est la paix qui a déjà fait des systèmes de santé en Afrique. Si nous prenons les ressources humaines, par exemple, 1 outre de 4 physicians africains sont currently working in high income countries. In Sub-Saharan Africa, you have less than 2 physicians for 10,000 people compared to 34 in Europe. Infrastructure and logistics then, including access to reliable energy and water, clean water. In Sub-Saharan Africa, on average, you have 135 hospital beds for 100,000 people. We have 40 countries without one ventilator per country. And only a quarter of health facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa have access to reliable electricity. The second point is that COVID impact at health level has led to an upsurge of other often stronger killers, HIV, malaria, TB. Due to the eviction effect led by COVID. And most probably, current studies are now assessing that we could come back when it comes to TB to the level of 10 years ago. So this is really a matter for concern. Now, this weakness can be linked to insufficient domestic commitment up to now. In 2018, in Sub-Saharan Africa, Sub-Saharan African countries spent less than 2% of their GDP on public health, which is the second lowest level at global level and which is probably linked to an over-reliance from donor's help, multilateral institution, bilateral partners or foundations. And then, last but not least, the current scandal of vaccine inequity, we have talked about it a lot over the last two days, but we need to remember that Africa represents almost 20% of the world's population, but only less than 3% of the current vaccinated people. This is a matter of concern specifically for the frontline health worker. Now, if we look at the economic and social landscape, we have here a very heavy impact more so than in any other region. At economic level, this is a heavy blow with a kind of double confinement effect. We could say double pain. But the African populations were confined in their own country because also because Africa has been confined by the rest of the world. And indeed, when you look at figures, there again, Africa has hit recession for the first time in 25 years. Minus, almost minus 2% at continental level in 2020. Even if, as you know, il y a une autre line yesterday. Some countries have continued to grow. You had 12 countries in 2020 that grow. And even if indeed, in 2021, the growth projected almost 5% is higher than what was initially projected. However, we are still falling short by in 2021 150 billion pré-pandémique projections. Secondly, the recovery is going to be slower. Falling short tier 2 of pre-pandémique projection until 2024, with a current loss over the year 2019-2024, estimated at 850 billion by recent IMF projections. Some countries in Africa may take at least 7 years to recover their pré-pandémique level. So one point here to underline is the growing inequality on the continent between Africa countries. I'm underlining this because this growing inequality is a matter for concern and a recipe for instability. Now here again why we have the same factor somehow which is an excessive dependency on external demand which completely collapsed for a while between commodities or in tourism which was a growing business in Africa over the last 10 years. Social, what do we see at social level? A very heavy impact there too, leading there to the growing inequalities this time within the countries. What do we see? At education we see, we have seen everywhere in the world children out of school 28 weeks in average which is roughly the global average the big difference in Africa is the lack of remote learning tools so these children out of school they have lost one year of education and there has been a particular impact for the girls because the studies have shown that many of these out of school girls got pregnant and will never go back to school so it's something that needs to be watched. We have seen also we are seeing gender issue with growing violence against women. We see poverty issue with a growing number of poor probably projection made by assessment by UNICA 40% of total population of the continent in 2021 will be in a situation of extreme poverty food insecurity the Covid crisis has arrived on top of probably one of the worst locus plague over the last 70 years so this has worsened the situation the situation itself has been caused by the lockdown effects where quite a lot of people were unable to go and buy food or unable to go and farm whatever they had to farm and as for health products we also see here excessive reliance on imported products when it comes to food 80% of food products are imported out of Africa 95% for health products Civic and democratic space I won't be long here because I'm sure that other will have much more to say than me but we have seen excessive and unjustified restriction both in civic and democratic space that are a matter for concern now this was this deterioration was already there pre Covid as you mentioned Mr President but undoubtedly the Covid situation a definitely worsened and I very often serve as protect to worsen this situation on top of that as you know most African countries didn't have the fiscal space that allowed them to put in place mitigation plans to help the economic and social impact of Covid when you consider for example that most fiscal resources come from customs the loss assessed from Covid is something more than 35% of the fiscal resources for 2020 and last but not least very complex and complexifying with China being now the largest single sector and when I'm seeing China it's multiple Chinese creditors which makes the solving of it quite complicated now all this while the start assessment or facts must not lead to a gloomy conclusion and in fact on the contrary there is a silver lining to this very heavy current crisis but by laying bare vulnerabilities or deficiencies that were mentioned by President Kagame himself yesterday of most African current economic and social models basically with an excessive dependency on both external demand and external supply this general crisis has been a wake up call so if just to replicate a very much used quote never let a good crisis go to waste and we all know that there is no deep change if it's not triggered by a very heavy crisis people otherwise don't see the need or the interest to change anything in the way they are doing business let me just take the example of vaccines all of a sudden health has changed its status when it comes to public policies from something that was up to now basically left to donors to something that has become a matter of domestic security and to the need to ensure what's now called health sovereignty and this is a very important change first what happened was the wish and even the request vous avez pris plus du double du temps vous avez pris plus du double du temps on avait dit 7 minutes plus vous avez plus de 16 minutes déjà conclut pour un avance merci so the wish and the request to be able to buy the needed vaccine and when it happened it was impossible because of the need from other countries the need and the commitment to build quickly a stronger vaccine manufacturing capacity making the case making a business case of it there is a market for this vaccine manufacturing capacity and it will create local employment so to conclude here two points that are linked back to all the discussions we've had over the last two days the first one is the obvious connection of Africa situation at global level bit about health economy of security if Africa continues to remain until this vaccination level it will become an incubator for other variants economy if recovery doesn't pick up there is no way the continent has the means for any green recovery and last but not least security and stability you mentioned terrorism Madame le premier ministre vous avez dit qu'il y a 70% de la population en 35% mais si les jeunes continuent à voir un procès de truie nous sommes en train d'avoir plus de migration plus d'attractivité d'un terroriste et de crimes plus de social unrest et plus d'inconflict la deuxième point est que dans cette landscape complétie il y a un mouvement réinforcé pour une nouvelle partnership de nouvelles alliances de stratégie et de balances avec des Etats-Unis des Etats-Unis dans le continent africain pour faire le meilleur de cette nouvelle landscape merci et excusez-vous