 The octopus's brain contains a specialized structure called the vertical lobe, VL, which is responsible for storing memories. It was found that the VL consists of two distinct types of neurons, simple amachrine neurons, SAMs, and complex amachrine neurons, CAMs. These neurons are connected to one another through a dense network of axons, allowing them to communicate with one another. Additionally, these neurons receive input from a single axon from a specific neuron, indicating that they can store information about that particular neuron. Furthermore, the VL also contains a system of synapses that allow for long-term potentiation, LTP, which allows for the storage of memories over time. This article was authored by Flavie Bidal, Yaron Merović, Richard Lee Charlec, and others.