 In 2010, it was estimated that there were approximately 32.4 million infants born small for gestational age in low-income and middle-income countries, which accounted for 27 percent of all live births. This included 10.6 million infants born at term who were also small for gestational age, and 11.8 million infants born prematurely who were also small for gestational age. Additionally, 18 million infants were born with low birth weight, of which 59 percent were small for gestational age. This article was authored by Dr. and C.C. Lee, M.D., Joanne Katz, S.C.D., Anna Blenka, M.R.C.P.C.H., and others.