 You guys want to each start just to give a brief introduction to who you are and what you do. Sure. Yaurana, hello everyone. My name is Tithuan Bernicott. I am the founder of Coral Gardeners. I'm based in French Polynesia, South Pacific Ocean on the sister island of Tahiti. I'm here today for my first World Ocean Week in New York with my ocean sister Sylvia and a lot of amazing ocean friends to talk about the coral reef. And can we maybe just acknowledge that you spoke with the UN earlier today? It was a great experience. I'm Amber Sparks. I'm co-founder of Blue Latitudes. We are a marine environmental consulting firm that works repurposing offshore oil and gas platforms into artificial reefs. And my other half is right here. And I'm Emily Hazelwood. I'm the other half of Blue Latitudes and we're really excited to be here to speak with you. I mean, there's so many directions to go here, but I guess the first thing is just to go deeper into the organizations that you each founded. So Coral Gardeners is slightly obvious from the name, but what exactly do you guys do? So we are the gardeners of the ocean. I started the organization about six years ago. Our mission is to help revolutionize ocean conservation and create that global movement to help save coral reef ecosystems. We focus on different areas of action, such as gardening corals like planting corals, we call it ecosystem restoration. We do also a lot of awareness telling the story of the reef. And this goes like with the local community empowerment, we bring a lot of people, fishermen island kids in the water to plant their corals and reconnect with their heritage. But also we have that new part of the work we do which is the innovation technology and science with the Coral Gardeners Labs where we are finding some new technologies, new solutions to better understand how the ecosystem works so we can better protect them. So we'll go deeper into what exactly that all means in a minute, but what does Blue Latitudes do? So we started Blue Latitudes because we recognized a problem. In all of the oceans, there are offshore oil and gas platforms, hundreds of them. And at some point each of these are going to be removed. Now that seems like it would be a simple solution, but at the same time below most of these offshore oil and gas platforms are some of the most productive ecosystems on the planet. And so we started Blue Latitudes to address this problem. How can we preserve these marine ecosystems on these offshore oil and gas platforms in a way that would be sustainable in a way that wouldn't impact the environment negatively. And so that's where we come in as consultants to evaluate and conduct assessments on these offshore oil and gas platforms to better understand their ecological value and their worth. When you say that these ecosystems are found below oil rigs, you mean directly on the legs of the oil rig, right? Exactly. Below every single oil and gas platform, it's like the first time you go diving on an oil platform you almost need to do a double take. You want to look above the surface at the platform and then look below the surface again because you would not believe that every single beam and cross beam is covered in marine life. Yeah, it's hard to really wrap your head around because when you see it from above you think like a blight upon the sea or heavy industry and what must that be doing to the sea. But so you're saying when you go below the surface that it's teeming with life. Exactly. Is that kind of crazy? It's incredibly unexpected and I think that is what gives us a lot of power and a place with Blue Latitudes. We were speaking earlier and I was saying we're not saved the whales, we're saved the whales just kind of an interesting space to be in. Which is really harder for people to get behind. Exactly. It doesn't necessarily go down as well. But those ecosystems are valuable and there's been a lot of studies done in California most recently that's found that there's some of the most productive ecosystems on the planet. So removing these platforms would be a significant loss. And so how did you guys each come to start your organizations, especially so young? Did you guys personally see changes in the ocean or what inspired you to try to tackle these challenging issues in the ocean? I was first exposed to the rig series program actually when I graduated from college. I had an opportunity to go work on the BP oil spill as a field tech. And that was the first time I'd ever seen an offshore oil and gas platform. And that was the first time I'd ever been confronted by the devastation that can be wrought by one of these massive structures. But what was interesting during that time is that we worked with a lot of fishermen and they would be driving our sampling boats around the gulf. And we'd be out there with them and they'd say, I can't wait to go fishing on these platforms this weekend. And at the time that seemed bizarre. I had no idea that these platforms could also support fish populations that people wanted to eat. And so that was the first time I learned that in the gulf they were turning these oil platforms into reefs. And when I moved to California to go to graduate school and I met Amber, she shared with me, California also has oil platforms except they weren't turning them into reefs. And that's when we realized there was a problem. It's really my dream job. I feel so lucky to be able to do this and to work with such a fascinating ecosystem. They are the coral reef. They are so complex. They are so full of life and things we don't know. They are the future for medicine. They are live on our planet. We don't know enough about them. So the day I discovered what they were because growing up in Tahiti, we think it's just like the plants. They are really our garden. We don't get to understand that they are living organisms and they are maybe the thing giving us everything we need in our life. In Tahiti, for my friends, my family and I, they give us the best moments when we serve the coral reef waves. The swell arrived to the reef. The reef scarred the way we surf. And that's the biggest smiles on our faces. And they also protect our shores from big erosion. So naturally when I was 16 years old and I observed my first coral bleaching event and I discovered that this would have tremendous impact on the life in our ocean and then our life. I wanted to do something. But at that time there was not a lot of options for young people not willing to do eight years of studies to start acting for them. So we needed to get creative. Yeah. I mean, keep going. Maxim, no, I haven't. After I just played in my garden, after school, sometimes during school, and I was out there in the water just trying to understand how the reef ecosystem works, how the different species of corals they work, trial and narrow, I think you say in English and just getting to understand how we can collaborate with nature to create new habitats for the fish, same as the artificial reef and then bam, does it itself. And so I really liked the process of being in the garden and working with the fish and the corals. So I told my buddies, guys maybe we should invest more time in it. Maybe we should work hard and create a new job because they are gardeners on land. And now the ocean and the coral reef, they need some support. They need some help. So maybe tomorrow if you believe in my crazy vision you are going to be a gardener planting corals next to your favorite surf break and maybe soon around the world and we'll be the guardians of the reef. And at the beginning they were like, but how can we do that? We were just a bunch of school drop out, surfers, fishermen and then we met the right people and we work. I never worked that much since the day I left school. And I have no regrets that was the best decision of my life and today to have the opportunity to work with scientists, engineers, experts, it's a dream. For us as island kids we don't get to have those opportunities. And now to be talking on the big stage about the ocean, it means a lot. You mentioned sort of collaborating with nature, giving nature the opportunity to grow back given a little bit of help. Can you guys each talk about how you collaborate with local communities with this work? Like how do you work with the people involved, the local communities, the fishermen, whoever actually uses the sea there, who lives there? Well, when we're looking at repurposing an oil platform into a permanent artificial reef, you have to think about the fishermen and the divers that are going out there and utilizing that resource. And so we'll engage with those communities to understand what they value and what they're interested in seeing stay versus be completely removed from the ocean. So that's kind of our connection. And what we found is that a lot of fishermen are really excited about these structures. Like Emily mentioned, they'll go out on their weekends and that's where they're fishing. And that's where they're having fun with their families. Or divers who are looking for a thrill, a dive that's truly unlike anything else. Imagine the scaffolding of the Empire State Building. That's what it's like being on one of these platforms, except it's just all the beams and cross-beams and they're all covered in life. In California, we see scallops and enemies, schools of Jack Mackerel, even our state saltwater fish, the Garibaldi that Nesimic gets permanent home there. It's truly a incredible and beautiful environment. And so that draws in the community and connects us with them in the work we do. Yeah, I mean, this is the center of our work. The people who spend a lot of time in the water, they know so much. You have fishermen, they spend almost every day, 50 years fishing in the water, so they saw a lot of things. And also they understand that more corals, healthier reef, more fish. And so it's simple and I think it's the key. To have those people who rely on the reef to involve them at the beginning and in French Polynesia, this is a really particularity for coral gardeners because it's maybe one of the only project which was started by the island kids. I like to say the same one who were running naked in the neighborhood and surfing, fishing, they are the one who started the movement. So we have a dialogue with the fishermen which is different. They consider us as their voice and they want to do something. They are also sometimes a little bit lost what to do. So I think as we grow and try to have more reef around the world, it's so important that we keep this DNA and stay true to who we are and we go and help give opportunity, be a force of that new blue economy, avoid that parachute science and really bring the ocean people at the heart of the actions. Can you guys each talk about any of your favorite sort of success stories from the work that you do? One of the things that I really love about hosting Planet Visionaries is that everyone I talk to is involved in things that work, basically involved in solutions, contributing positively to the world. It's always uplifting to hear good ideas that actually work and can be implemented. What are the things that stick with you from the work that you guys have done so far? I think for a lot of the work that we do, when you see it off the cuff, people are usually anti-oil and gas and anti-rigster reefs. I think that can be really short-sighted because you're only looking at one side of the problem. People want to see these oil platforms removed. What is very gratifying for Amber and myself is when we do a lecture and we take people diving with us and they see the marine life and they see the science behind why these reefs are growing on oil platforms to change a mind. So anytime we give a lecture and you come away with someone saying, I had no idea there was reefs on oil platforms, or I had no idea that maybe we should come up with a different solution than totally removing them. To me, that's a success story and to me that feels good to change someone's mind and change someone's perspective about how to think about creative ocean management. Changing the perspective as to what constitutes habitat. Exactly. Like where can nature live? Exactly. We can point to specific success stories in the Gulf of Mexico. They've reefed over 500 platforms and one structure that we dove on off 200 miles offshore right outside the Flower Garden Banks. They actually expanded the sanctuary boundaries to include this platform because it had so much life and was such an integral part of that unique national monument. What also really inspires us is seeing this idea to really take root and grow in other areas around the world, places like Malaysia and Thailand are just reefing their first structures and working after years of working hand in hand with the community, which we were just talking about as essential. And so it's really exciting and gratifying to see it take that root and hopefully grow into something that can be really sustainable and successful. Were you just saying that they expanded the dimensions of the protected area to include the... An oil platform. Yeah, an oil platform. It's very counterintuitive. It is. I know. That's why I was like, that's a success right there. Yeah, that's interesting. On my side, I think one success story that I am proud is to see some of my team members. It's like my big brother, Maurite. We grew up together and two years degree, but he didn't find a job. He was coming from a family of fishermen. We grew up in the same neighborhood. He was always fixing the speaker, you know, with his hand, like the sound system, or the bicycle, everything was so good with his hand. And today he's working with amazing engineers who are coming from the MIT, SpaceX to see him collaborating with those big scientists and engineers, my buddy from the neighborhood. The thing I like this year. Can you explain the partnership and the support that Coral Gardeners has gotten from Rolex? For sure. We joined the Perpetual Planet Initiative. It's our biggest support so far. For us, what I love about this is that they want to see you succeed. Like it's campaigning us. It's advising us. And it's also giving more exposure to the work we do, you know, especially when you're lost in the middle of the South Pacific ocean. So no, I think it's so important to choose the right lie for this mission. And yeah, happy to have them as the partners. Yeah. Actually, that raises an interesting question for both of you guys. How that global reach affects your work? Like how much of what you do is about sort of public outreach and helping people to understand the work that you do. And I mean, can you kind of talk about that, like the between actually doing the work and then explaining the work to others that people understand the value of the work and that others actually care about protecting the ocean. Yeah, we actually had to start a whole other company just to address that one question. So we have our for-profit company that works in a consulting effort, works with offshore oil and gas companies to assess their oil platforms as reefs. And then in 2018, we formed the Blue Latitudes Foundation that works specifically on outreach, education, research, understanding the value of these structures and going out and communicating that value and talking to groups about what ocean conservation could look like from a non-traditional lens. You know, I think it's simple. Today, we don't have enough people who know about what's going on with the ocean and coral reef. And that's maybe the biggest problem is that if we had way more people who were connected or were aware about what our oceans are facing, maybe it would be another story for this World Ocean Week 2023. But the problem is that not enough people are aware and they feel connected to the ocean half of the oxygen we breathe. So I think it's as much important or maybe more to communicate about the work that you do than doing it on the field. I think it's a great opportunity to inspire more people to start a project, to join projects, to support initiatives around the world. So at Coral Gardeners, we took this really seriously first because at the beginning we had no credibility but just a bunch of surfers, fishermen and there was no way we could get some governmental funding or grants. So we needed to show the world what we were doing and hoping people would support us. And so then we started using the power of photography, videography storytelling and we started seeing that today with our modern day tools like the Internet we can reach the world and people they can see what we are doing on a daily basis from all around the planet. So we had some really successful campaign. Well, I was directing a creative campaign in 2019 with a friend of mine called Alexi Ren and I was thinking about this little video to explain what is going on with the core if and the video blew up we posted and it's 78 million views on one post. It's in the top five of the most viewed video ever of the Instagram platform and in just 10 days we gained half a million people following our work and that's where I understood that even from our tiny headquarter we can reach the world and we need to. That's amazing you're a real ocean influencer. That's so cool. It's interesting on the one hand it sounds like really big numbers but then actually if you consider the proportion of humanity that lives on the coast and it actually is directly affected by the ocean. I mean we're currently a couple miles from the ocean. Most humans are directly affected by the sea and so when you think of those terms you're like actually those numbers aren't that crazy. It makes sense that people should be caring about the fate of the ocean. Anything to add on that is kind of like how you try to connect with the next generation how you inspire people to care about the ocean. Visuals are such a powerful tool and Sylvia has a great quote with knowing comes caring and with caring there can be hope for the future of our oceans and how do you know anything unless you can see it. Seeing is believing. It's really difficult to go into a room and say I want to save an oil platform because nobody would believe you. If you want to take someone diving you have to show them through videos and photos how amazing and productive these reefs are. It doesn't mean that they're any less important. It means they're incredibly important and I think for us it's a story of hope in a weird way because we're all responsible for these oil platforms and it's nice silver lining that because they've been left alone, because you can't really do commercial fishing on them because they're in blue ocean settings away from those lines away from erosion and runoff. They can turn into productive reefs. They've been left alone and I think that can resonate with people. I think people like to learn that the ocean is powerful and resilient if given a chance. While we're talking about sort of inspiring and inspiring hope I mean I totally agree with you that having positive stories and I saw you were agreeing as well to draw on like knowing that there's that the ocean can heal itself if given the time and space and opportunity. It is incredibly hopeful. So what are your hopes for your respective organizations? Like what do you hope that Blue Latitudes and Coral Gardeners will achieve moving into the future? My greatest hope with Blue Latitudes and the work that we're doing with the Rigstories program is to expand beyond just oil platforms. The reality is we're going to continue to use our oceans for energy production for food production for transportation and even though oil and gas may be on its way out but offshore wind is quickly becoming it's actually the fastest growing offshore energy industry in the world. So that's what's going to replace these oil platforms offshore wind turbines. So if we can get people to think differently about these wind turbines think about them as possible reef spots. To me that's going to be an incredible area of success and that's where we're really hoping to move into is expanding into other sectors of offshore energy and the wind sector in particular. Does it even have to be offshore energy? It's really just any human interface with the ocean. Any kind of man-made structures can also be potential havens for nature. Is that kind of the broader idea? Yeah, our mission is we want to seek out areas of our oceans where industry and the environment have intersected but rather than have a negative impact they've had a positive one. And we want to understand why. Why is that and how can we replicate that across other areas of our oceans to make from those more sustainable use cases of our oceans to acknowledge that we will continue using our oceans but there's a way to do so that's sustainable and more of a win-win result. While very carefully not trying to promote industry in the oceans. Exactly. I would assume. Exactly. I mean that's kind of the tension right? Exactly. You're trying to promote win-win scenarios but not trying to promote more oil construction or development in the sea. No, it's a good point. It's something we do want to think about. You're never going to catch Amber or I promoting saying let's keep drilling or anything like that but it's more about taking a reality check about how we use our resources and how we can do so sustainably. Just like that. Yeah. To come back on that point of inspiring more people to learn about the ocean I think we need to make that conservation something irresistible. I think you say in English something that people they want to be a part of so when you think about it like I think after football the museums are the second place where most of the people they gather and I think we should use really the power of collaboration art. We need to create emotion in people with the ocean. When you have a grandfather going with his grandson or granddaughter to a museum to see a beautiful exhibition about the coral reef of the ocean there will be a moment. There will be that emotion and that's what we need to try to create those experiences where people even if they are not diving with them they are going to connect. The ambition we have with coral gardeners is Georgia. We have a lot of work ahead of us. It's in terms of reaching more people. I would love that every everyone on this planet knows what the coral is how important the oceans are and I would also really love to use that coral gardening. It's so tangible the action and I think that's how we're going to get people. They plant their own coral and they feel attached to their coral so now it's about yeah taking action creating a hotspot marine protected areas restring the damage reef and trying to reduce our global warming because if this continue like this to rise biodiversity life us we're gone. So we need now plants action and to work hard. So on that note what is the perpetual planet initiative mean to you guys in a time of climate change in a time of rapidly changing environmental impacts what is the perpetual planet. What first comes to mind for me is what are we leaving behind for our children and our children's what kind of legacy are we leaving for them for conservation and ways of working with the environment to preserve, protect or even utilize it in a sustainable way and so being a part of that is trying to offer those solutions and connect with them through the community get people involved and engaged. I love talking about getting working with punies from a when they're young or just enjoying the ocean as a place of fun and a place where they go with their friends how can you take advantage of those moments to really inspire future generations to preserve and protect the oceans. No I have to agree with Amber I have a daughter now and I think about the amazing places that I've had the opportunity to see and dive and experience and we're just chatting about I'd been to Rangiroa and Fakhrabad and how special those places are and I think to myself I hope those are around when she can visit and that's powerful when you think about they might not be that's like something that's become part of the dialogue these days and I think when I think of perpetual planet I think of maintaining those resources so that they can be around for her generation for generations beyond her so that she can experience those incredible places in a way that's healthy and see how healthy and beautiful the reefs and our oceans can truly be. I think perpetual planet it's the ultimate goal because it means that our planet will continue to live that life is going to still be found on this planet so the temperature can be regulated the oxygen that we all breathe so I think I really like those two words for me they are the ultimate goal right now we're trying to reinvent the relationship that humanity as humans we have with the ocean how we connect so I agree with you Amber that we need more kids to experience the joy the happiness when you are playing with fish waves free diving or just nature in general because when you like your playground you want to keep it alive and so yeah I think perpetual planet is a good solution. And what advice would you guys each give to the average person as to how they could help keep the planet perpetual I always want to encourage anybody that were speaking to different school groups things like that to have them look at their own unique special talents whether that be they're really great at writing or at photography or maybe they love organizing groups of people to do some sort of beach cleanup or something like that whatever their unique gifts are to really use those towards a conservation goal because when you tap into that and everybody is using their own unique gift then we can kind of come together and from every angle find ways to connect with our oceans and ultimately preserve them. I'll just throw myself out there as a very unusual example of exactly what you're describing because my only the only thing I'm good at is climbing big walls which is an unusual path to go down and yet here I am hosting a podcast about ocean conservation about environmental work more broadly and I actually started a foundation that supports solar projects abroad and basically works in the same kind of environmental space and it is a good example that no matter what the weird thing that you personally are called to do it can potentially be used for something positive in the world. You know it's like you never quite know where the path is going to take you but it's like if you're really passionate about something and you follow whatever your gift is like you never really know how it can wind up being useful. But back to what do you guys think about how the average person can help keep the planet perpetual? I think one of the most powerful gifts that anyone can have is to stay curious. You know when you're a little kid you're fascinated by everything. You want to ask why about everything and you want to learn about everything and then you get to be an adult and you stop thinking about the world. You start thinking about your own silo and you start thinking about your own path and I think if you can maintain and stay curious about the world to ask questions about the world to want to explore the world that means that you will care about the world and you will want to maintain that planet the way it is. So I think if people could stay more curious and ask questions about the world about why things are the way they are that can be an incredible conservation tool. I think today it's clear that we are all connected to the ocean with wherever we are on the planet whether we are on your biggest wall or at the bottom of the sea we all connected to the ocean and I think we need more people. Like you say to connect with it to learn about it to spread the world. This is something easy to do to tell those stories about the ocean and to educate more people and then it's about also reducing our own carbon footprint. It's not easy to do. It's the way we eat when we move. I stopped eating the red meat three years and a half ago because I understood it was the first reason the temperature of the water was rising and I still have so much progress to do but it's little daily changes and also supporting innovation. When there is something new happening like electrical cars, things we need to support those innovations because we are not going to be able to change everyone. So we need to find new ways to live. We need to find new ways to power our daily life using renewable energies. New way to move to eat so we need to support those people that they are coming with innovation and to motivate them. But I'm confident because the new generation a lot of them have crazy ideas and they want to do something revolutionary and that's the only way we're going to stabilize the global warming climate change and that will maybe still have life on our planet and maybe us. I think with that we're going to open up for audience Q&A. I think there is a microphone floating around or there will be if anyone has any questions here's one in the front. Hi, thank you all for your words and your work. I was just curious about what the next level might look like for each of you and each of your organizations and what you think you need to get there. More coral, obviously. So much coral. I agree, I like this. One million the goal for 2025. It's a lot of work but it's feasible. You want to answer first? We are actually working on a really exciting modeling tool that is going to help us make predictions about which platforms or offshore wind farms could be good candidates for artificial reefs because it's very time consuming to survey one reef or one oil platform especially when you consider there are thousands so this is something that we're really excited about that we've been gathering the information and the data for and this is something that we're very excited about that we think is going to take things to the next level to start bringing this to be a more international program. Currently is the program just off the coast of the US? Currently we see offshore oil and gas platforms being converted into reefs in the Gulf of Mexico, in Malaysia, and in Thailand but hopefully that will be changing soon especially with this tool. We're calling it fishlet. Wait but so back to the rest of that question for Tituan. What's the next level for your organization? You said a million corals but what does that mean a million corals? More corals. Well it means a million but does that mean planting a million individual corals? Coral frustration right now the issue is that it has not scale. You know you have a lot of groups around the world. Most of the groups are struggling with funding not to have one employee so it's just a couple hundred corals being planned so everything needs to be done and so the goal is to have long-term projects so you have enough long-term monitoring and data set. That's what is missing for the field of restoration at the moment. It's also new methodology really focusing on climate change, more resilient corals to put together to the next level. We need to focus on reducing the cost and the time to produce coral fragments. And to scale this around the world we are opening in the next couple of weeks in Fiji and Thailand. We're going to have amazing locals there planting the corals. We love this to become a new movement, a new job of that blue economy where you have champions, guardians of the reef, gardeners around the planet planting and reaching that first million of corals. You know we have people on land, they plant a billion tree. Why can't we plant a million coral? And right now it's such a small scale and also having just more people knowing about the reef and then it's the technology and innovation. You have a question in front, Sylvia? I have a question for each of these topics. For you, Tashwan, coral reef is more than coral as you well know. What are you doing to think about restoring other aspects that are also depleted like the parrotfish, the groupers, the crustaceans? That's one. Hold that thought. And for this rockin' team here, many of the rigs are much deeper than divers can go. Are you using equipment to explore down below where you can take yourselves? Each of these rigs does provide like a vertical transect from the surface down to as deep as they might be standing. Sometimes in 100 feet sometimes deeper, but they're like built in laboratories. Scientists would wish to have a vertical transect to see what impact light has and a lot of things, but here they are ready made. And to what extent are you finding the opportunities to go deep and do you see that as a future endeavor to look at these deep water systems that are right there connected to where you focus your time? And again, coral reef is not just coral, it's a metropolis. It's our underwater cities. I think Ocean Sista, it's a good question. We already talked about it and coral reef is the most biodiverse ecosystem on the planet. Like the coral triangle close to Rajah and Pat, I've never been, I'd love to visit one day. It's the biggest hotspot of biodiversity on our blue planet. So it's not just the corals, they are the base, the habitat for the smaller fish, but it's the sea urchin, the stars, the clams, the moray eel, the sharks at the top. And so what I can tell you is that I will never get bored because after planting the coral right now I really want my team and I to focus on really doing it well with the corals, the building species, the base of the food chain, and ecosystem. And then I'm already thinking about growing farming clams. They are sharing the same zoos until I or maybe sea urchin or why not fish. So that's why I'm saying I will never get bored because there is so much to learn about the coral reef. It's so complex and I'm sure we have so many more species to discover and learn how to work with them. So it's planned. Step by step, one day I will take you to farm and plant clams. Can I come? Yeah, please. Let's go, adopt a clam. For our work, I wish I could say that I put on a wetsuit every day and got to go diving on these structures, but that's not the reality. Most of the time we're using remotely operated vehicles to look at these platforms from sea floor all the way to sea surface and the deep sea is perhaps my favorite environment. You're in an area that's dark, no light, high pressures, cold water and there is incredible life that can be found at these steps. It's so different from what you're going to find on these tropical coral reefs. And in some cases people don't understand it. They don't want to study it because it's number one not as accessible but also not as colorful or vibrant. But our deep seas hold some of the most important secrets for medicine and they're also some of the most biodiverse areas, more biodiverse than what we find in our shallow water reefs. And so understanding them is just the first step. Unfortunately because they're difficult to access, there's not that much research or understanding around them. So we're very grateful that in the work that we do we get to go down and look at these ecosystems and begin to study them, begin to understand them. And recently in the Gulf of Mexico we were looking at a structure in about 7,000 feet water depth that was covered in this coral called Lophelia and it's a rare coral that's protected in many areas and here it was on a subsea template. A little piece of equipment that's associated with oil and gas that normally would just be ripped out but it's covered in this protected coral and we were able to do an environmental survey, quantify that and really present it to the regulators to get it to be left in place once the decommissioning had been complete and preserve those corals in that one little bit of the deep sea which that's the last part of my spiel here is that the deep sea is the majority of our oceans and we really don't know much about it yet. So I hope that I have more opportunities to explore it. Well that's the perfect conclusion for us here though we'll all be hanging out after so feel free to chat with us all. But I just want to say a big thank you for everybody for coming. It's a real pleasure getting to chat with you guys and if anybody's interested in any of these other Planet Visionary podcasts you can find any of them including Season 1 Episode 1 with Sylvie Earl anywhere you get your podcasts and enjoy. Thank you guys for coming.