 Now the manner I will go about is as follows. I will choose a center and then I will ask couple of people to make their points. They have read this article on you and your research. So they are supposed to mention one or two important things that they gathered from this particular article. I would also request that you speak about only those points which were new to you. In other words, something new that you have gathered, supposing you already knew something about research and that same thing has been mentioned, then you need not make the point. So I want you to stick to the article you and your research point number one and I want you to mention only those points from this article which you did not know earlier and which you have been exposed to only while reading the article. Something new you have learnt out of that, okay. Now with these constraints, let us begin, well senior city Chennai. This is a summarized version of you and your research by research harming at Bell Communication Research Research Center seminar which is delivered in 1986. Mainly I am able to identify two points from the entire session. One is luck favors the prepared mind, that is once you have, you prepare your mind yourself towards the research what you are aiming for, luck automatically favors. This is the one thing. And when you are famous and it is very hard to work on small problems, that is this article when he talks about research means it is talking about research in the kind of noble price kind of research. Once you reach to such a kind of research, then it is very difficult for you to work on smaller problems. These are the two points which I identified, sir. Anyone else wants to mention any other points? I want to make one point, creativity comes out of subconsciousness. So once there is a scientist, I cannot remember the name of scientist, actually design the structure of benzene, sir. He designed the structure of benzene. Before that, he did not know actually the carbon and carbon, the bond length between the carbon and carbon length in case of benzene is somewhere very less to the normal carbon bonding. So actually if the normal carbon bonding is, let us say it is 3, the carbon bonding in benzene is it is 1.5. So what he did is he did not know what is the difference between a normal carbon bond and a carbon bonded benzene. So he thought about the problem and he slipped along with that problem itself. So in his dream, a snake came and the mouth of a snake catch hold of its tail and it started revolving. So after he got up from the dream, he found out the actual thing that is going on the benzene ring. Actually the carbon, that is the double bond in the benzene ring is getting revolved. So that is the thing he found out after a long time of research. So that creativity comes out of subconscious mind. So it is the point, that is the new thing I came across in the, from the, you and your research. So Richard, so Richard Hamming, has he made that point? Yes, he made it point. Okay. So Alluri Institute of Management Sciences, Varangal, you and your research, I want to analyze some points when we are taking care of research from my point of view after reading this particular research paper, as it says that brains are not enough, you also need courage. So as Hamming said that you need to have the courage to do the research and you need to continue the research under any circumstances. And one more thing is that make best of your working conditions. Whenever most of our co-participants are saying that we are not getting sufficient time to do it on the research. But Hamming has clearly mentioned that your research and your working conditions will help you to complete your research as soon as possible and please make a best use of your working conditions. That's all, sir. Over and out. Okay. M-A-N-I-T Bhopal. Sir, what I gathered from that article, I could not read the full article but I went through it and whatever I could gather in what I had read is something that appealed to me was courage. Now, we should not lose courage as you were talking here, but we start with too much of enthusiasm our research work and then finally we get frustrated. We should have the courage not only to accept our success, but we should have courage to accept our failures as well. And then only we'll find some new ways to again get success in the research work that we are doing and enthusiasm will still remain there where it is. The other thing I wanted to tell you that something is mentioned about the age, but it is said that always good work are done when the age is like you are young in age. Now, I am at the age of 50, I have started my PhD. Not only people laugh at this, but at this age you are starting your PhD, but someone has said that if someone is not laughing on your goal, that means your goal is a very small goal. If somebody is laughing at that, that means your goal is big. So, I keep that courage and that courage is still encouraging me and I think I will never lose my enthusiasm while doing my PhD. Thank you, sir. Over to you. Okay. July Institute of Technology, Durga. I read this article as recommended by you, sir. That is the article you and your research. And Professor Heming starts the article by saying that all of us who pursue research should pursue it from the point of view of a long term, you know, the impression of the research should be very long lasting and it should have a lasting impact. And very succinctly I would want to say that Professor Heming highlighted that important work is the right problem right way at the right time. Thank you, sir. Over and out. Okay. Malariddhi College of Engineering Technology, Sikandrabad. And your research. He has invented hamming code, hamming distance, the hamming spectral window by numerical methods. He said that what appears to be a fault, often by change of view point, may be one of the greatest assets you can have. And the knowledge and productivity are like compound interest. They tend to multiply as you go on improving yourselves. And your research is more under your control than you may realize. And there are also some personal traits often successful people exhibit more activity, more energy than most people do. Personal commitment and courage is another attribute of doing great things. Without courage, you are unlikely to attack important problems with any persistent and hence not likely to do important things. And the ability to tolerate ambiguity is another trait. You also need to have a vision of who you are and where your field is going. Based on that, you have to be wise enough to take a decision on what problem you have to solve. Thank you, sir. Over to you. Let us go to SVITS Indore. I have gone through the summarized lecture. You and your research by Richard Heming, partially. And in his lecture he has told or he has written, luck favours the prepared mind. Second one, when you are famous, it is hard to work on small problems. Then if you don't work on an important problem, it is unlikely that you will do important work. You should ask yourself, what are the important problems in my mind? If you are deeply immersed and committed to a topic day after day, your subconscious has nothing to do, work out of the problem. These are the things I have read through this. Thank you. I just want to make two points, one which I favour and another which I don't. Number one, he has said that it is a poor workman who blames his tools. The good man gets on with the job. Given what he gets and gets the best answer he can. I just favour this point. Many of us blame that we are not getting good resources, we are not getting secondary material or something. We should rather not blame the resources and come out with good results. Another point which I do not favour is, he said that don't struggle with the system all the time, rather follow and cooperate too. Sometimes it becomes very difficult for us to follow the system since there are so many loopholes in the system which require a kind of struggle on our part. If at all we have to make our research great, as he has already said in the beginning that he is talking about great research and not a general research. These are the two points that I want to make. Thank you. Let me repeat the points made in this centre. One point is that Richard Hamming has said that do not always fight with the system. You should also cooperate with the system because it allows you time to do your research. The second point that was made was, Richard Hamming has said that do not blame your tools. Do not blame that you do not have facilities and so on and therefore you are not able to do good research. You can always do good research even with the available facilities. That was another point that was made. Third point that was made was that you should have courage apart from brains. Palate Mumbai. One of the points told by Mr. Hamming he had said that you must have proactive, significant and independent thoughts as well as another important point what he had raised is you should sort out all of the important problems in your area. He said that what are the important problems in your field you should ask to your mind and continuously keep on track of that. So as soon as you get the idea I take on it and pursue your research for that. So this is the point which I liked in this study. Okay, so the center is mentioning a few points that as soon as you hit upon an idea you get after it and complete it. Thank you. Let us see whether we have answered this question. The first question we wanted to answer was what are the motivations and objectives of a course such as Introduction to Research. So we said that this course is mainly meant to guide the research scholars into what skills, habits and attitudes they should have and how to develop them. So it is like a map to be undertaken for research. And I also mentioned that some part of the course will be of immediate use. On the other hand there are many points which will be appreciated only in the long run. Therefore one must go over this material over and over again maybe every six months when you are doing research. What are the differences between course-based undergraduate, postgraduate and research education? So we pointed out that research education is a license to teach and guide others. So it requires that the person who has undergone PhD should be an independent thinker and should be able to manage one's own learning. We also pointed out some other differences between the research education and UGPG education. What are the habits, skills and attitudes required for research and how do I develop them. So we focused on thinking, communication, experimentation and management skills and we talked about right habits namely documentation, reading and participating in discussions. Now as regards attitudes we mentioned that you should have higher motivations other than motivation for motivations like promotion and so on for doing some good quality work. So you must have a taste for intellectually challenging tasks doing such tasks and getting satisfaction out of it or doing service to society by coming up with solutions to some of the pressing problems of society. As far as right attitudes are concerned I would like to add a couple of more quotations. Now it is said that if you cannot do what you like you like what you do. So many times we get into areas which may not be of our liking but we should learn to develop a liking for whatever we get. This is very very important. Another quotation that I would like to give in the context of right attitude is do not follow anyone. Do not follow anyone but learn from everyone and acknowledge it too. This is a very important attitude for research scholars. If research scholars become mere followers they will not develop anything new. On the other hand it is true that they are only building up on what other people have done. Therefore though we do not want to follow we should be willing to learn from everyone and we should also acknowledge that we have learned from others. So this is the issue of professional ethics. The next question we sought to answer was how can I develop my thinking to generate ideas? So we gave some prescriptions such as learn different ways of solving a problem then look at the world in terms of analogies, document analogies and learn the different strategies of solving problems, we mentioned them whenever you are faced with a problem you look at these strategies, look at these slides and try to see which of the strategies seem to be applicable. You also talked about what is the meaning of good thinking, what is the meaning of creativity. So we said you are said to be productive if you can come up with different methods of doing the same thing, a wide variety of different methods for doing the same thing. In how many different ways table or graphical or other ways can I present the data? This is another question that we answered. Then how can I find a problem and formulate a hypothesis? What, how and how much literature should I read? What are the essential elements of scientific method? How do I design setups and experiments and ensure accuracy in measurements? How can one be an effective and efficient oral and written communicator? Where and how do I publish and patent my work? How do I manage stress time and my guide to the student and what are the ethical issues in research? We focused on answers to these questions. So it is not that we have our treatment is exhaustive and we have discussed all aspects related to these questions but we have touched upon some important topics. Yes, I think thank you all for your time. I would like to conclude my lectures at this point.