 So, let us begin simply because I do not want to be ingested to people who have come at least 5 minutes late rather than people who will come 10 minutes late. So, let us start for the benefit of people who came in time. As a quick recap we did the plan and execute portions from how to visually communicate and we today are looking forward for the third section of the whole process called Impress. I am going to recap about couple of assignments submitted. Some observations couple of people have submitted just two slide presentation. Some of them have submitted the same presentation being submitted by every group member of the group. I thought I was very happy at 6 o'clock when I opened the Moodle and I saw like 28 submissions and I was saying wow every group has submitted and then only I realized that couple of them have submitted twice and twice when I started downloading them. I think it is a good idea to do that before we actually go ahead yeah. This was a common practice scene that people had just named the file with their roll number and all that, but the presentation slide number 1 never had their names roll numbers nothing. It just started with land bank. So, although it is a submission so, you have the liberty of naming it in the roll numbers, but typically avoid this because when you upload it or when people will see it they need to see who has done it. There was a very interesting slide in this presentation. So, I think who did this? Somebody Ashish is it there? Ah ok. Yeah. So, I think so, what was the reason of this gray slide to show the disadvantages. Yeah, but the disadvantage is that what is the disadvantage of the slide itself? Nobody can read it right. So, if you wanted to communicate that these are the disadvantages, what was the alternative you had? No, you use a white background slide is fine, but you want to communicate something using color you wanted a dark background, but then you should have just changed the text to white that should have suffice because readability is the prime. It is the example of a blank slide oh my god ok, then it is a very apt example, but by the way if you read my assignment I had written that use of graphics instead use a image use a counter graphic to show because we had not discussed about color schemes and all what I was expecting was we had seen multiple types of graphics. So, I wanted you to use a bad graphic instead of a good graphic, but you did not use any graphic maybe that is your definition of using a bad graphic, but that is ok. I had something interesting here ok, the same problem so slide starts with software piracy no names it is ok we can go ahead yeah this slide has a title. So, the first slide is software piracy, second slide is motivation. So, is it the motivation of the talk or motivation of why to do software piracy or a motivation of why to stop software piracy what is that motivation me it is a hanging word actually. So, such kind of titles even though they make sense you should avoid such titles this is a very good example actually and that is why I wanted you to see this. The person has searched the net and found a very good comparison chart it is a good graphic to use probably I hope this is not example of bad slide right who did this the group is itself missing ok, but you give so not example of a bad slide no ok good. So, this is a good example the problem is that you have found out a very good table which shows highest and the lowest piracy in the world. The graph itself says highest and lowest graph itself shows the names of the countries and you again spend some space and you make the graphics baller unnecessarily to write the same things again. So, simply put the same graphic big size and put a box around it what you wanted to highlight you wanted to highlight highest and the lowest they are already present there just put a box like I have done in the orange color and remove this text that will just give the maximum priority to what you want to say is another thing. Yeah this is a common problem again found in too many presentations can anybody point out what is the problem in this slide what is whatever I have marked as square what is the problem with that area or actually writing types may be writing manner the way it is written any guesses probably no because everybody thinks that this is the only way to write ok. So, I will tell you when you have only one word in line and you start with the next line it is implied that you are explaining that word so no need to put colons in that first thing. Second thing if you have only one definition to explain of soft lifting we need not put that dashed bullet there when you have four definitions of soft lifting then you need those four things to distinguish them right when you have just one bullet and that I have seen in empty number of presentations submitted today that for one bullet there is still a round or a square or a dash or whatever you do not require that when you have just one point to say. So, it will be more easy to read slide when you avoid this kind of clutters. So, that was the reason I wanted to choose this slide to explain. So, see this. So, all these things have only one definition and still they have the bullets which is actually taking this part indented for no rhyme or reason you are changing the color you are changing the font size. So, it is already clear that you are defining that word it was pretty clear. So, no need of that hashed bullet this was a slide with bad graphic example I am not sure if anybody else has done it I saw one or two presentations who actually explained why that bad is bad right that was a very good effort actually I think I have that in the example, but that was a very good indicator of how you are already aware of what is bad that was a good sign of doing it although I did not ask for it that define your bad slide, but they did it on their own. So, that was a good sign. What is bad about this? What is bad about this slide? By the way who did this? Which group? Same group sorry we are in the same presentation ok what is bad about this? The visual is unclear visual. So, it is so according to our if you recall the types of graphics this is neither decorative neither representational because if you want to decorate you could have used this is ok, but it still does not represent what you want to say you want to say piracy hubs or something. So, lot of pirated CDs what you is what you want to show, but you cannot distinguish what is it. So, that is why it is a bad graphic ok that is by the way this slide was good according to me for one interesting reason which actually is the topic of today's lecture of use of colors. So, when you are talking about penal codes what color is first strikes your mind? Indian penal code color. So, they have they have tried to have add that with a with a great backdrop and so there are four penal code shown in in a very striking manner that if you do not do this maybe they are discussing that they did unintentionally and was it intentional or unintentional? Now it has been ok just on the fly it became intentional fine, but I think after I have today's presentation probably you will start doing it intentionally rather than doing it by accident ok. Same problem when you have just one definition do not put fancy bullets just these arrows and all are not required because you have only one thing. This actually according to me was a example of bad slide because you talk about trends and you show a decorative graphic. When you say trends you need to show what you are you are doing a quantitative comparison. So, this is better than that and or it is changing over a period of time. So, you want to show something like that. So, graphs or tables are the most useful thing, but you need when you are talking about trends you are showing just just one pop up picture of something else, but actually they had submitted this as their bad designed slides. So, most of the bad graphic examples were badly designed slide examples. They hardly had a definition of why the use of graphic was bad in that, but nevertheless I was quite happy with the submissions. I will show something from the last year's presentations. This was this was from the summer interns who came up last year and gave presentation in the end. Have a look at the dotted square. They want to talk about a positive and a negative point of every topic and they have put a plus and a minus there. They could have easily did that with some color code. They had the bullets. So, you can just put a green bullet and a red bullet and it is very easy to retain for retention purpose. What was the positive point of that and what was negative? This is becoming too difficult for me to read first of all. For alignment it is a problem because the plus takes more space than the minus sign. So, it just looks very jagged at the end. So, I think we will just move on to the presentation today which is about impress. So, we will be really zipping out through this presentation because I have too many things to tell you and like other presentation this presentation also will be up on the website. So, you can have more questions maybe in the last class and I will be present here to answer those. So, talking about color schemes, we will just see some examples. So, this is a word given military. There are four colors given to it. Which one is suitable for this word and why? Any guesses for that? So, unanimous decision is pink. No, how many for gray and how many for green? How many for gray? Military gray and how many for military green? Rest are for blue. And how many for pink? Oh sorry, think. So, yeah there is a. So, let me just say if you lock blue, green or gray for something in military. So, what will you do for soft? The word soft. So, you will have you will check actually you can do a negative marking for this. You can say that this is not soft at all. So, what is not soft here? Like pink was not military, what is not soft here? Blue. How many how many for blue not soft? Okay, lot of them. Okay. So, now when you check out blue, how many people will check out blue for space? Or green for space? How many people will not like green for space? Lot of them, right? Similarly, when I say neutral, you need have a question or you are raising hand for, okay fine. So, what I am trying to show you is that for various colors, you carry certain meanings and how does that come? So, color is equal to mood, color is equal to expression, color is equal to convention and that is why color has a meaning. And every time you use a color, it suddenly starts flowing the meaning along with it. There are standard definitions of different color schemes. I am just keeping them in this slide and they are called monochromatic contrasting and triads where three or more colors are used. These have to be used in this format. If you want more readability, use more contrast. Like the slide what you had for disadvantages, the problem was gray text on gray background, which is not visible. So, if you want readability, if readability is your idea then use more contrast. But since you said you made that as a bad graphic, it was a perfect example. This is very interesting information for, especially for you guys who are going to present. Depending on the room where you are going to present, you can choose between the type of backgrounds. Some presentations I got with black background, some of them, most of them were white background presentations and couple of them were green background presentations also who were talking on the topic of save trees. So, typically bright room like this use a white background with a black text on it. That is more readable and it is more easy to do. I am just showing some examples of vivid and pale. I hope you can see that. But the pale is anyway not supposed to be seen as it is already. The second aspect is about the typography and I have seen almost 95 percent presentations, especially those who are done in windows using aerial or a times Roman as the font and they do not go beyond that. Probably not even realizing what is the options offered by the tool. Just quick recap on what are the available things with you, what are the tools with you and these are mostly the type of fonts called the serif fonts and the sans serif font and some of them are look like written by hand, they are called the script font. And just going back with the example, now if we say that we want the word military there, which font should be, so again the negative marking, which one will not be the good one out of the four? Green one, no, blue one. It depends on the perception. So, some people who find military as a discipline thing will probably even like the blue one because quite straight. The green color is fine, but the font is too casual to military. So, these kind of things will be depending on perception. Same thing happened with soft. What is the first thing you want to see in the word soft? You want softer edges. You do not want sharp edges. So, even though you have the green one having a lot of curves, it still has those sharp edges, but the top one, the gray one actually looks like it is pretty soft. For the space thing, you have various choices. Same thing happens for neutral. So, now neutral is non-neutral actually and most of the cases it is not neutral. Except for probably you will settle down for, if you have to choose from the four, you will settle down for green one or blue one. Gray one. Okay. Gray, you are going by the color or the font. What is riding your decision? Most of the time it is color actually because that hits you first. Okay. So, that is why I am now coming to the point is that when you want to emphasize something, what are the options available with you? And exactly from the same point what you just made an observation, you chose neutral more by color and not by font. So, how do you learn to emphasize? If you want to emphasize something, you learn it by making it bold. You can do it by making it talics. You can do it by underlining. You can also do it by color if you can choose a proper color. The problem happens when most of the people merge all these emphasizing options into one and make it bold, italic, colorful and underline and that is where it is overemphasized and that is very peculiar of most of the presentation when they just stuff everything into one. You can just do it by slight italics and you are unnecessarily using that. The best example is novels. If you read classic novels, you will hardly find color in that, actually no color in that. They are mostly black and white and they will emphasize using the only thing they can change is the italics and very, very rarely especially only for the name of the chapters probably they will use bold. Even then they will not use it because they will just change the font size. So, chapter is separately kept at the top and it is just bigger font size that is all. But then that lends you complete freedom to visualize the way you want to visualize the novel that is the beauty of it. So, like I gave some color guidelines. These are some typography guidelines by try and use as minimum fonts as possible. Do not use too many fonts. Two are advisable. My presentation is an exception because I am talking about it. So, you can easily counter saying that why your presentation had 61 fonts, but that was only to show something else. So, use font options to emphasize and use the alignment feature of left because we have a tendency of leading left to right and top to bottom. So, avoid center aligned. Any classic example what is centrally aligned looks best, like what is the best example of center aligned things? Any content you can imagine that? Pardon me. Title. Title. Yeah, good. Now apart from presentation, any place where you can be happy with a centralized layout? Formular situation. Invitation cards that is the most popular version of centrally aligned because you have to give emphasis to everything. So, there is nothing like that and you have to read linearly from top to bottom. That is why in an invitation card you will always find a centrally aligned thing, except for the venue and time or something which will be left aligned somewhere hanging in the bottom. That is a standard invitation card. I just missed out. I did not read this bullet, but it is a very important bullet. Use grid. Almost all the softwares where you make your presentation slides have an option called switch on grid. The grid will give you a dotted line box at the bottom of the presentation area, which will help you in deciding alignment of objects what you are putting. Let me tell you it is a very important feature, especially I have seen lot of presentations where text and visuals are hanging. They are not in alignment with each other and nowadays the tools are so sophisticated that if you just start moving the visual, it will automatically give you some yellow colored lines which will tell you whether it is aligned with this part or that part. My suggestion is please use those tools. Please look at those options and use them very very carefully that will just help you enhance the presentation quality as such. From any questions so far? Anyway, but I am not going to take because I will take them in the next session where because I have to cover up couple of slides. Just take these papers, write your roll numbers. This is the attendant sheet for today. Okay, coming to visual effects. So, once you are done with your fonts and colors, you have put in everything in your presentation. The next hurdle is actually adding some visual effects and people use variety of effects for text. They just drop those things down and there are so many fancy transitions available and people make full use of that. So, actually there are some door openers and there are some blasts and there is something called page curl which is very popular apparently and there are some sliding windows and now this is the very latest one which lot of people are using. But what happens is the range becomes so bad that finally you forget what was the title of this presentation, when where will we start this. So, it just takes away, let us unwind a bit probably just go back. Okay, so we started here, we started with impress and what you don't want at all in any of the presentations that the people should ideally should take away whatever you the message you are trying to say and they should not be taken away from the message. So, they should remain in the message. The moment you start showing this graphics overloaded with every whatever computational power you have, they are just going away from the message which you don't want and you can't afford that because you are making a very serious presentation at times. So, that brings us to this very classic debate of form and function. So, what is the form and what is the function? Form is actually it is written in the other way, but I will read it from right to left this time. So, function is what is the message. Now, I am talking in terms of communication in the written part or visual part, but this was actually derived from architectural and product design domain, where the function is how the object is to be. So, what is the purpose of creating that object? That was the actually origin of this form or function debate, but if you know what is the message, then form is how you are showing the message. So, within this tussle of what should come first, most of the researchers agree that the function should be decided first. So, if you know the function is to have a bunch of bristles to clean and apply something, if that is the function, the form will depend on what is the application. So, I am coming back to the point where I said that you need to know your audience when you design a presentation. So, similarly if the function is only stated like this, you have bunch of bristles to clean or apply something, there can be multiple applications. And as you can see for every application, you have a different form of the same function. So, you have a toothbrush, you have a shaving brush, you have a painting brush. And like I said, if you say paper, probably this is not the brush you would like to use, but this is the brush you would like to use, because for a wall probably you will go with the first one. So, depending on the form, the form will change according to the function. Depending on the function, the form will change. So, it is correlated and that is why what I wanted to show you was, okay. So, considering one of the examples from my own research where the title of my thesis is design considerations for creating e-learning animations, I could have shown it like this, because it is about design and it is about animations, but rather this is more readable and more apt for the kind of audience I am going to cater to. It is not audience which will be lured by such thing, because they are more interested in the slides after this, not on this animation. So, avoid these things and how to do that? So, this classic debate is solved like this according to me and you can just give some time to think over it. What I say is both are important, you cannot neglect anyone, but inadequate attention to either of them will lead to ineffective communication. So, if I just understand that bunch of bristles for applying something is the thing given to me and I give inadequate attention to the form when I am deciding the form, I will probably start using a toothbrush to paint a wall, which is wrong. So, I have to understand, give adequate attention to what is being told to me, but if I give excess attention, then it will create a chaos. So, if I have too much of form stuffed into whatever was given to me, it will become a problem case. So, in my opinion, content should govern the decision of what form it should take up. So, the function is finalized like you know what is the content, it is finalized. Let that take the decision making a role while deciding how it should be presented. This is a question asked from the last semester students that what should I use for presentation? There are so many tools available and what should I use? Is it Keynote is better than PowerPoint or a Beamer is better than PowerPoint? This is one research I just could see on the web, where PowerPoint is the most preferred thing and no doubt about it. But the going by the earlier definition of the content should govern your decision of selecting the form, I have just wanted to show you an example. So, if you want to present it to a particular audience, then it becomes easy for you to choose the kind of presentation tool you want to. So, if the content is a conference paper about math game based on gesture recognition, if that is the title of your paper and you have to show the entire process and the audience is a conference attendees, then you have two options. You have a very how many people know about Prezi by the way, Prezi has a presentation tool yes. So, you guys can tell others in your group what is Prezi, those who do not know. But Prezi is an online tool created for creating animated presentations, in which case actually the entire presentation lies on one single piece of area or space and the software actually shows you one part at a time, it has the ability to show you one part at a time. So, that is the way they are creating it. So, there is a presentation option from that, this is a template from keynote like one I am using here and which one will you use actually. I do not have the example right now because I was thinking I will be short of time. So, after we debated about this point, I am just showing you the conclusion what happened in the last semester. So, lot of people found out that because we had a case study as assignment in the class. So, people are asked, some people are asked to make a Prezi presentation for the same topic and some people just made a PDF of that, a PowerPoint presentation of that. And then people found out that a simple PDF or CS conference is good enough to communicate as against an animated presentation in a game developers conference where people or the audience is completely different. So, why is that? It is because communication is about the effectiveness of design to put forth a message. So, if you code the message properly and then if you want to communicate that to the this distinct audience like you know that this is the destination where my message has to go, then probably you are in a better place to choose the tools appropriately. So, just the recap of that because I will stop here on this and I am just making the last point of practice which is very important. Whatever you want to create, it does not stop at the point where you have made a beautiful .ppt or .pdf, it requires human effort in terms of practicing that over and over again, timing it properly so that it ends in exact time limit what is given to you. Most of the time in conferences I have seen the bells ringing, your time is over and you stop and you have still not come to conclusion slide. And that is where the whole problem starts happening because you have not communicated the message fully. So, what is the big use of making a very beautiful presentation? So, these kind of things are some of the important aspects of also important aspects of presentation which are not actually visual communication which I am supposed to talk of, but I just wanted to add that based on my experience over a period of time. So, practice is all the more important and time it and practice it according to the not only from the timing part of it, but also from the technology part of it. So, can you click at the time when you want to go to the next slide is also part of practice. So, can you alt tab and show the website what you wanted to show, is it open at that particular instance is also part of practice. Have you opened all the windows which you want to show at that time? Have you checked out the network before starting the presentation also part of practice? And that is very important because at the last minute most of the people will be seen trying to connect or trying to type in the URL and not getting it because the network is down at that instance and you have not downloaded that PDF. Such things happen quite frequently if the practice is not done in advance. So, I just took this opportunity to add a couple of other injections to the topic what I was given. So, thank you and this is my email ID where you can mail me for some queries or comments if you have about this thing. And like other presentations even this will be uploaded on the website on the Moodle and you can download it and make use of it. So, you can have access of whole numbers and leads your presentation. You will never do that when you are taking a presentation for your MTC or seminar, your first one you have, your own warranty. But you will do, how will you do forget to have a sign with all the whole numbers in your MTC? Second, invariably when you upload a file, how to leave the file has to be told to you by somebody. It is not stated and suppose it is a assignment file, practically 80% submission will have assignment, assignment underscore file or assignment file. Can you understand the price of this poor feature who gets 185 assignment files and has no proof where it is where you are not submitting. In fact, in my CS11 course, I usually report a lecture titled What is there in the name? And I can prove that every linear statement observes that when you study programming for example, how many of you did not naturally write different programs for example, C1, RCT, C2, RCT, C3, RCT, C4, RCT, etc. How many of you used signal digit variable names in most of your programs and do so even today? This is a question of discipline and kind. And I tell you one of the major psychological reasons, it is very difficult for all of you to do this much more to our Indian sense issue. We are extremely self-centred, extremely self-centred, more than most of us do from now on. We transition naturally completely self-centred means we are less sensitive to others. So take this particular name. When I give a name to my site name or to a client, I am looking at myself and I understand perfectly well what a site and client means. Also I have my own number in it. So I don't see it immediately. I don't see any need to include it. The financial aspect of any communication, communication is meant for others. This point perhaps has not been emphasized sufficiently in this course. But write that out as the most important governmental thing. Communication is not meant for you alone. There are lots of communication. Meditation for example is self-communication. Communication is not typically self-communication. But the idea of communication that in this course you have introduced it and that you have introduced it in the course of time is meant for others. It does not matter whether you are presenting a verbal communication, written communication or presentation slides. But at least one minute before you start making the presentation and at least for one minute after you have made the presentation. One minute, nothing more but nothing less. You must sit down and put yourself in the shoes of the person or the person for whom there is communication in this course. We never do that. We prepare the communication as if we are preparing it for ourselves. We may occasionally think of others but that is not the right point of view. Do you get this point? That is why what is there in the name is to be seen not from your angle but from somebody else's. About five minutes, about many generations, about right people from the renails, about citation of people. Everything is built around the premise that communication is meant for at least two minutes sort of taking this to a certain extent. This notion of over-emphasis can not be over-emphasis. I got the first question in 1973 or 1974. Today the question paper where psycho-stylist, where does he have machine? I don't know how many of you have seen a psycho-stylist machine and a stylus and others who has everything there? Very old technology. You know very painful, you have to type a question paper which by removing the ribbon on the tile right there so that preparations are made on the back end and then you take such a type. So there is to be a big renewal when we go for examination papers where actually centrally typed in the morning of the year and there will be a stylus allocated to each teacher. So I will go with my question paper and then give a stylus. In 1972 I learned this lesson is not over-emphasis. So the typist who was typing initially as you know there are notes one open book examination only this is allowed and then when he was typing the second sentence he just laughed it. I didn't know what happened. What is so funny about my paper? He said he was there interacting with neighbors strictly prohibited. They said of course it is strictly prohibited. So he says do you know what prohibitive means? He says prohibitive means forbidden. What is strictly prohibited? I said strictly forbidden. He says you are completely undermined the meaning of the word prohibitive. Prohibited is prohibited. Period. Period. There is absolutely nothing has no qualification required. Go ahead. So it does not say strictly prohibited. Very strictly prohibited. This over-emphasis has to be again in the trade in us, Indians and Asians where we sort of have objective. We tend to have superior views more than other. So this is something that we should learn to relax. On the form and dividend I will give you one example. Many of us are full speakers. Me and I tell you mine and go on to a conference where we made a person who had attended my talk two years ago in some other conference. And he was out of the question that he says sir I really love that presentation. Still remember. My friend told me curiously asked me what did you talk about? I don't really remember sir. Then he asked him what did you talk about? He said that I don't remember. But he gave a fantastic talk. So you see this is all over the country. If you remember you got a fantastic presentation that you made. But for me the point I came with you. So recently my friend of Anand Deshpande who has persistent systems told me about a trick which Mr. Ajit Brindi used. Mr. Ajit Brindi as some of you might know he had a reproach. So whenever he stops he will start by saying I will tell you four things. And then he will say number one. Then he will say something. From point, from four things then you talk about it. Then he will say now we have talked about the first point this. Now I will talk about the point two which is this. Then he goes to point three and he repeats point one, point two and then mentions point three. And at the end he says point one, point two, point three and now I talk about point four which is that trick. In Kerala he says so my dear friends I have shared four important things. One this, two this, three this, four this. I hope you will understand. Ninety-nine percent of the people do not forget those four things. Ninety-nine percent. You ask anybody where Mr. Ajit Brindi stops on such and such topics. They will say yes, yes, yes, yes. Maybe one or two points in this. But you can realize the usefulness of such a lecture. Why is it important for you to make a presentation or a TV or seminar or a paper presentation or anything like that. You will have so many things to say. And many times the detail is overshadowed. The identification of the salient point that you do not say that. So what are the three things that I have talked about? What is there in the name? Choose name carefully, represent name properly wherever whether it is five names, whole numbers, but very much names in program. Program. The second is do not over-emphasize. So please do not strictly prohibit anything. Yes, yes, go ahead. I have, I have tempted to tell you a story of a man. This is a movie I don't know whether I share it or not. Some six American generals are captured by Italian and they are kept in the Italian prison. And of course if you are in prison they are kept in the military palace and all the generals they move around, they have all necessities like that. For the eight of the regular generals take over it up and they take over all the prisoners. So all the prisoners are taken in a truck in Aria and they are all put in a brak. When the eight of the generals are taken on some very tricky type of arrangements. So one general takes out a book from his pocket, he gives it to that sergeant there. He says we are generals from the US Army. We expect to be treated as a general. The sergeant is so completely sheltered. He says, what the hell is this? He says, you are a general. What does he have? So the general does, he does all the rules using the chair to do the task. So many rules. So general stays there. He says, no, let me handle. We follow some very simple rules here. Rule number one. Anybody disobeying orders, anybody disobeying any orders will be shot dead. Rule number two. Again for some time. They said, there is no rule number two. Rule number one. So you see very clearly without any undue emphasis. He has told in one sentence, you don't do what I tell you, you will be shot. I think I should have followed that principle and said anybody who does not attend 100 percent orders will fail. The senior rule. So let me take this opportunity to thank Professor Samit Sartra. I hope you liked it. I appreciate the presentation. There was something useful that you could get out of this. Please use that to give your communication. The last lecture on this Thursday. Apparently the institution is still going on by the command of Mons. There is the next meeting. Monday is a holiday. So there is a combined Monday issue. I have talked to Professor Sethi as to why they are deciding to tour. That should be done as completely. Because every time I do the lecture on the school day. There is... You know that next school day is a combined lecture again. Well, this time I have decided to be one of them. I am going to tell him it's okay because I am finishing my lectures on this Thursday. So we shall not have any class after Thursday and we will have to concentrate on other topics. But very important, this Thursday class is an absolutely complicated class. So unless there is an extraordinary presence I will not write any of it here. I will take stock of all that has happened in this course. And more importantly, from the student's perspective my peers as we see are going through the all the coefficients and other things. We have coefficients. We have a lot of letters. We go through those emails. Apparently not everybody is taking an email. Not everybody has sent an email to the employer. To do that it is 699 automatically and it comes up on the subject. But if you send a personal email and it is sent from one of which account and subject like I have sent today. Actually if you never use the subject like just roll number so and so was absent on this day. Just that. And you don't need to have any message. Just the subject is very appropriate to convey everything that you want to ask. So I need thought, mysterious, but accurate messages and comprehensive including the subject now. This is another thing I would like to tell you. What is there in the lead? What is there in the title? Anybody who does not compose the subject right by technically looking at what is going to convey is doing a disservice to the recipient. Please remember, forget my mail box except I get 250 rupees. Now when I have to search I remember I have received a mail from a student and I have seen it fleeting. But I don't remember the name of this student. What will I search on? I will search on NGC 699. I will search on fever absent in the message. Please remember, if you have a cigarette on my email I will not utter a full text search on you. So please be considerate to others for whom your communication has to be affected. Henceforth at least decide you will never send an email without spending 30 seconds of searching in the mail. This is like a problem. Please note the message portion. It's a very, very important paper. And as I said, it's not often like anything else with a short message. There is control by telling you the shortest ever conversation that I have heard. My senior colleague is now in touch with me. He is in the Computer Science Department. We are staying in some city that waters there and I have gone over to a friend of Professor Balbond who is the professor in Maths Department here. And I was inside his house and we were talking about some meeting that was scheduled tomorrow next day by Professor Balbond. And while we were discussing about the meeting he told me a brand. Professor Nimay opened the door. SSP Rao was standing outside. In the previous conversation I have heard. So, Professor Balbond when he saw SSP Rao I said, tomorrow you wanted to tell him. SSP Rao said, tell him. I mean that's all. But that was the face-to-face conversation where both of them knew exactly what they were talking about. And I also heard about the shortest conversation that happened between two Sadhus in Himalayas. Three Sadhus in Himalayas. There is no story. There are three Sadhus in Himalayas. They met on his bar and it was very crowded. They were going to worship some people. Then they said, this is not the case. There was a very good place. So, they all tried as much as they could. There were no people there. And then they started doing their superstition without talking to each other. Three years later, one of the Sadhus said last year it was very cold. And I can only have two more years. The second Sadhu said, yes. Three more years passed on. The third Sadhu said, I'm irritated. He's not going to talk like that. I will go somewhere else. So, you see, it's okay. It's a very long period of time. There are many fastest traditions. And believe me, it continues to remain a very exciting topic for a person like me who has answered the question. I hope it remains exciting for everyone. Thank you very much.