 So today the session is divided in two parts, basically, where we are going to deal with the two-dimension of the question about how community-based adaptation can be developed in urban communities. In the first part, I will introduce experienced-based tools using a specific case study of a marginalized area of East Naples in South Italy in order to provide some practical learning about the process of co-production in action research activities oriented to collaborative adaptation practice. And in the second part, we are dealing with the dimension of grassroots initiatives of transition movement and how these communities are developing self-made tools to foster a commons-based resilience. And in this part, we are going to test one of these tools on how these communities start an inner and outer transition. Why we call it do-it-yourself adaptation? Because we recognize on the ground that many initiatives are born in a practical way to respond to everyday issues. And if it's climate change, it's not always the central point in the action. Urban communities are taking those initiatives, dealing with the environmental matter in a way that foster as well processes of transition towards equity, justice, and solidarity, carrying on solutions, practical solutions and measures that are inspired from these values in order to achieve sustainable lifestyles in a self-made manner that is implying self-organization, cooperative actions, civic engagement. In my experience, I'm basically a scholar that works with climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. So I will show today action research experiences that are focused on the research question on how disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation can act on the ground without neglecting marginalized and vulnerable communities in the process of planning and redesigning cities to cope with climate change. My experiences, well, as I said, are basically carried on in Chile and Italy. And I worked to develop tools that can bridge robust science, local values and knowledge and challenging a shift from top-down and expert-driven decision-making to an inclusive and democratic one. In this case, if the first part of the presentation is drawn on this theoretical framework, the second part will be more focused on the idea of resilience that it's questioning the neoliberal model and it's made by the upsurge of resilience activism that supports, in fact, local communities in an adaptive and transformative way that are challenging capitalism dynamics, realizing a new experiment on social level and economic level and as well, ecological level. So the second part of the transition is somehow challenging the neoliberal model in which many of European policies for adaptation are based. And it's somehow dealing with the empowerment of community and a care role in participation in the political debate and a collaborative and cooperation model. The experiences model, the experience-based models that we are going to see for your self-adaptation, as I told, are based on the case study of Naples that is a vulnerable area of the city that experienced a shocking urbanization process. We are in a multi-risk context in which the volcanic and seismic reefs are now combined with climate change-related risks. And basically the urbanization of this area appeared after a post-Hertzwick intervention that changed completely the characteristics of this area. This part of the tools that we are going to discuss today were connected to a project that modellized and quantified also the climate change risk, producing vulnerability maps about flash floods and heat waves. In this map you can see are shown the most risky and vulnerable areas of the neighborhood. But what we found working in this neighborhood, it was basically that the stronger urbanization that occurred, the massive urbanization that occurred with the post-Hertzwick intervention provoked a disruption of the socio-ecological system in which the everyday risk was dealing with the shift in the urban fabric that caused many social-spatial inequities. I will run on the case study because I will invite you to watch our video, a documentary in which the story of the neighborhood is detailed. On the other side of this neighborhood, if it presented the characteristics of poverty and marginalization, we found also that the agricultural identity was trying to re-rebirth of the neighborhood itself through the promotion of grassroots initiatives. In particular, one initiative that we study and we work with is a social garden that took place in a urban park and it's dealing not just with the agricultural identity but also with the social issues of the area because it's borne as a platform of networking and sharing of experiences in agricultural of different kinds of neighbors of the community. We carried on an action research in the neighborhood where we basically set a new living lab as a tool to foster a participatory process in the research to combine, as we said before, the top-down knowledge of the research with the local knowledge. We started this experience with the community dealing basically about how climate change affects their daily life for the community but also we discovered a strong memory about the water infrastructure that was destroyed by the urbanization. So we started to rediscover the neighborhood through the eyes of the community and we decided with them to have a video documentary to collect this experience in order to provide a collective storytelling that was creating a collective narrative of the neighborhood in which the voice of the researchers that were carrying on a quantitative research about the area were mixed with the local community voices to promote an horizontal and mutual learning but also to promote the plurality of languages and to have a final product in which also the community was somehow respected and can recognize the identity and the material values that were neglecting in the quantitative research. So in this urban living lab that we carried on with the community, we decided also to promote an experience of self-construction and co-design in order to have a real practical action for climate change adaptation and working with the community of the social garden basically we developed a rainwater management system to collect rainwater and to use for the irrigation of the social garden, trying to create a prototype that was a mix of technical and social dimensions. So we had, we test a community-based solution in which the central part was that the technological artifacts and the solution was an hybrid assemblage made between experts and non-experts in order to include the material values that was present in the social garden and develop the meanwhile also the know-how of the community to in order to foster a process of empowerment of do-it-yourself adaptation because after that the community was able to understand better how the community, how a community-based adaptation can work and which kind of outcomes the process can have. The third part that we developed for after the urban living lab after a while it moved from two claims. The first one was a research claim because we have with the urban climate change research network a workshop in the area that was a climate resilient workshop so with the students and architects we were trying to imagine a no solution at the urban scale of the neighborhood and for the other claim that came from our work with the community that they were interesting to find a key to deal with the decision maker. So what we implement it was a collective mapping with them that was merging a quantitative analysis and climate analysis of the area with particular problems and issues that they were encountering trying to have parameters for that. So we get a baseline information in which we draw a new like a community-based map for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction that it turned in a kind in a better version of a platform for decision making because in our mapping we engage basically also political actors to have this information also included in the recovery plan of the area that is going to be upgraded. This scale of this urban scale of this tool that we are going to that we saw we see here it's just an attempt to set new tools also for co-production of knowledge and to have something that can be used as well from the community and from the decision maker making somehow a bridge between these the three parts that are engaged in those in those co-production processes. The last part that we are going to see today is as I said before is set instead just on grassroots initiatives and in specifically on transition. Transition is a special experiment I will say because in people in transition and here we see the experience that it was in Santiago that we had with Mauricio in a transition training it somehow can be defined in exercising creating new commons because community are dealing at local level with the climate change effect to discover new tools in which the inner intelligence of the community and the skills that were forgotten are promoting proactive action for the neighborhood in a self-managed manner and defining action for sustainability that are determined by local demands. Today we are going to test and to have a practical exercise of backcasting in which the backcasting is one of the principal tools used in the transition movement because it's a tool that allowed the participants to imagine a more positive future for their community. Imagine a future that is free from dependency of fossil fuel and it's a power and it's a powerful tool because it's challenging the capitalism imagination and how the capitalism itself is taking place at first in our inner space. I will let Mauricio to conduct this part of the presentation to introduce you as better the transition movement and to move forward with the exercise thank you. Okay I will continue with the presentation I try to share something here okay it looks like you see the whole screen isn't it? Yes okay wonderful you know did you see also my point there in the screen you see the point there that is moving? No okay I don't know how it works but anyway you know we have here the the background because we started the transition movement you know this was because we have here in the in the in this graphic you have the in the bottom we have the the time in the and in the left we have the energy consumption the research consumption and pollution and the population growing and you see the the industrial west industrial society is growing up in all the use of energy, population, pollution, resource and everything and we reach a point where we cannot continue you know what we call the climax point we are close we are there over we pass this already but we have four possible alternatives you know you have the the techno fantasy the first one where the people believe that we are going to have more technology and with all the technology with everything we are going to change and continue to grow in like we are growing up as particular don't believe too much in that we have another alternative where you say you know we we have no time we don't have any alternative we are going to go down they're going to be a cause and we are going to have a kind of a scenario like atlantis where everything goes down and dissociated almost disappear and so on and you have a third one that say that we talk about the green technology or stability is one the most of the industrial countries development today that we change a little since in the system that we can continue in the time you know I personally don't believe in that because we don't reduce the consumption in this place you know we are always using more and more resource and I think that is difficult to keep in this labor also and we have a fourth one that we call the creative descendants where we go down in time in consumption and with different technologies like covillage permaculture recycling and all this in and we come to a level of less pollution less use of energy and we can continue the time and I think transition is one is in this point you know how we imagine all the system in the new way with the newest knowledge and with the additional one we can make a new associated and transition is a model is a mix where starting from people who work in permaculture or who work in ecovillage and we know already that permaculture work you know I mean you can design ecosystem today you copy the nature a week permaculture you can make designs that is heavily productive and after several years they are producing food for many many people you know I mean we have several example around the world we can see that this work but usually this happen almost always outside the cities and ecovillage is the same you know I mean people who have moved outside the cities and making more societies and they produce almost everything that they need they produce their urban energy and it's work but then nothing changes the big society in some way and then we say okay what we can do we have to take this information to the cities and then at this time the people mix permaculture ecovillage storyteller cell development alternative a method for participatorial process you know and put all this together and with the experience of many people working around the world in practice they came with the social proposition you know a model that you can use in the cities to involve the people in a process to to activate them and the model have four uh five part the first is an understanding I mean we haven't understood me with those and we say with picoy and klima change we can no continue like we are doing until now I mean we have to change the whole system and we have to be we have to adapt and to be creative to find out the new way of living and we have to start now I mean this is the thing that put us together you know we don't believe that we can continue like that we have to adapt and we have to be creative and we have to start to doing this just now and permaculture also have six principles that we are going to see but but yeah we're going to do but this is the problem that problem we are going to see that we have all steps and we also have a transition network who support all this kind of work in the five prince seven prince that we have uh that we have to envision a positive feature you know the old political party knew how to use the imaging the vision of the future they call this o2p you know and it's very strong psychologically and we use this in our movement and we are going to share with you an exercise that will work a positive imagine of the future if we have a positive imagine the future is going to this help us to go the people the other principle is that we give people to the right access to the right information we do that the people is going to to make the good decision this is what we believe we also believe in inclusion and we need everyone to change these things i mean it's not the work of a little group of an organization it has to be everyone who are involved you know therefore we are inclusive we include everyone we share a networking we have the knowledge and we share this with other people and we make network to support each other and to growing up and we make it this viral this moment we try to make a viral model and i want to show at the end some picture that talk about that and it's easy to replicate and we have to the other principle that we have we have to build resilience we have to be a strong community and the base to to how you say to allow the life in this planet and the other thing that i like very much and who attract me to this movement is that they say okay we have to do a transition upside i mean how the world look like but we also have to do a transition ourselves like human being like person individuals and we are going to share something like that i have been working with this kind of thing in the lotto's here and i see clear that the without changing ourselves we don't have a chance to do anything the other is that we try to organize ourselves and make the decision at the more lower level that we can you know i mean decentralization is very useful and very grounded in the transition town this is the seven-principle and we have seen that Mariso yeah sorry but the presentation it looks always the first page so really you are not going on with the with the slides and now yes i'm going to leave it there and continue from there okay yes thank you yeah thank you very much seven but you know always when you see we are going to do something you you hear a question like we don't have money you know and i agree i had the spirit to stop here in Oslo in Norway the first transition town movement and we didn't have money but we didn't need it at the beginning you know because we do a lot of things without money after they say they will they will not let us you know sometimes we believe that the system is so strong that is everywhere but actually you find a lot of space to do things around and especially in a small group in local community i mean i haven't heard that it was impossible you know you can start things the other is that you are going to start the work with the other green group and in practice you know what i experienced that actually you don't get the i mean if you are social clever enough you get these green people to get them like a lie you know because transition have a characteristic you know that they group a lot of people and you have several organized green organizations that they don't have too much people and they if you invite them they come to you and they have a lot of the knowledge they're very useful for for us another thing that they say perhaps today as he had changed the couple in the last couple of years that nobody cared about the environment today we have a more strong movement and more high awareness about the environmental problem the other say but you know per hub is too late anyway can be but unless we are going to try it we are going to try to do something we never know what can happen in the way you know but i think that we have to try to do something the other they say i don't but you know i don't know nothing i don't know i don't have the right qualification to do that therefore transition also put an effort and the strong effort and we're going to see that in right skill the people i mean really are things that can be useful to do things and i know from practice you know that the people who are starting transition usually discover themselves discover potential and abilities that they didn't knew that they have you know as they change in the process and they empower and they make picture in their life and for the other people also and the other thing is that we don't have energy to do that the other but but actually therefore we put the focus in the transition you know that what we are doing it has to be how you say funny it has to be to be join joinful i mean we don't have time to meet together and to be boring you know we have to do the same in a in a wrong way sleep in the way that we can how you say really may seem interesting and i going to share with you very quickly the 12 steps that we have you know we have to make a group necessary group a little group of people who want to do something and you can start with that and after you do you have a little group you connect a people and you call people making action teams group of group who who come together and do things in a how you say according to their interest and we use a lot of participative mob method one of them is the open space where you buy the people to a meeting with our agenda in the way that you can can with them can together cash the interest of the people and make a small group according to this interest we are going to make also separately how you say activities to raise awareness in our local community about the different problem that we are facing we also are very set we put the focus also when we do some project in this small group is that this project we can show this project to the community you know always we have an special focus in where we are going to put the thing that we are going to do you know because we need that the neighborhood see that we are not only a talking group but an action group a group who's doing things we also how to try to revival revival the snorkeling on the how how to how to to repel sin how to growing food how to to do a lot of things we are no confrontational group therefore we are going to to bridge may bridge with the local government and to try to see what we can do together or how we can help or how we can ask them to do we are going to connect with other group in the local community and one thing that I like it also especially in the west that we are going to honor the other people because the other people are less new how to live without oil you know and when we have been working a while we are going to make a big party to a lunch lunch or a initiative to make noise to to show like we are doing something and one thing that this was difficult for me when I start with transition because I am a person who want to plan make plans is to lay let's the process go where they want to go and this is difficult for me you know because I I start something I I know where I'm going to go but when you invite other people when other dreams come together everything is beginning to change you know it's no longer your project but it's the project for everyone and until now it has been well good and the people have been very responsible about that I want to show you the next slides here you have a the group who starts you know like an awan in campain what the small working group working together and they have a lot of interesting things but one of the things that I like most is that you have to work in any transition transition demand this transition group to do something about any transition what it can be whatever but it has to be something because without pricing the question why you are doing it like what is really values in your life you are it will be very difficult to work together one of the things that we use is the open space it's a participating method they don't know how how many you know about that but it's a very good tool to collect energy you know to you invite the narrow hook without an agenda and agenda is made with the people who come to the place and then you use this technique to put a small to to put a small group according to the interests of the people and usually you start working group from there you have also what I told you if you're going to make an health hospital like here you go and make this public where the people can see that you know whatever you do in whatever group always think how the people can see what we are doing also we have to rescue the people to do the thing that we like like for instance how you prepare food how you prepare things how you take care of the beefs how you make house I mean many many kind of worship and they have showed that the people have interest and really to learn about these things and also we add like trying the world we added a certain point that principate step that where we say that it's not fun it's not sustainable we don't know you are going to make it we don't know you are going to reach it but unless we are going to try to to have fun in the process you see a map that we take in 2011 where a lot of initiatives have started around the world I mean this process happened very quickly and now we have we are growing even and we have more than 900 initiatives around the world the most of them alive and lively doing things and making things happen and now I want to invite you because we are going to to make a a work together here I want you to relax I want you to sit back in your chair and we are going to do to to make a journey now we are going to go to a journey to a possible future for your community to explore what this world may look like guide by this process and your imagination okay then I will ask you to sit comfortable in your chair you may want to have your spine striped and you feel your flap your feet in the floor you are grounded please focus in the here and now just let your attention come to this present moment please close your eyes and breathe in and out slowly three times one keep it and now again breathe in imagine that you are going to sleep tonight in your bed and while you are sleeping a miracle happens and you are transported to the future where the transition has already happened the big change that are needed for a sustainable planet has happened you are about to wake up in a different world imagine now that you are wake up in your bed you stretch and look around what do you see different it's the light it's the song or the like of song how your your room look like let your imagination give you pictures without trying to think with your head just let sensations smells songs size arising in your awareness how you get ready for the day in this different world what clothes are you putting on how it is feeling in your body you're going out with your room to find something to eat how this place look like which song do you hear how it is melt what is the food like how is taste who else are there are you alone and now you are going to go out of your house to your days activities what do you see upside what do you see now in the place where it was raw before how is the air you breathe what kind of song do you hear do you see more people there you have to go to your place of work how you transport there what are you doing at work at other people there just gives time to yourself to notice son of the details perhaps you have a conversation with someone else what do you notice about this person how is the expression on this people face what is the quality of connection that you have with them just less time pass in this future world so you are coming to the evening now even in this new world they are still meeting to go to so imagine yourself going to this kind of meeting perhaps the decision is needed something has to be resolved perhaps it's a community meeting on a spiritual gathering or a celebration how do you feel going to this event how is to be there with this group of people how does people talk with each other now it's time to go home at this point to a journey you stop and notice nature around you do you look the sky what do you see do you see the living environment around you is there anything here that feel new or surprising now your day in this future place is ending how do you feel to end of your day you go home you go to your bed and fall asleep again please breathe deep in and out three times let yourself come back to this year 2020 to your place to your transition wet peanut you can open your eyes now okay thank you very much Mauricio it was super interesting there are many questions in the chat and time is almost finished so we should try to answer some of them uh first of all I ask both of you Cristina and Mauricio to write your email address in the chat so people can can contact you in case they have to leave right now okay yes I am going to uh to send also the links uh yeah for for the documents and also there is one that was asking the to have the presentation if possible this presentation see also with the organization because they recorded already the session so it will be available for all the participants on the website of the conference okay so first question is for Cristina what platform you are using for data sharing well I think it was about the mapping the participatory mapping we use basically google maps because we had to recognize that students and also the community that was engaged it was a more friendly user tool for them but in another case in Chile I used the open street view so it's open maps sorry so it's basically these two tools and we also trying to to to switch many information on GIS also another question for both of you it's more recommended than a question is about money uh there is some someone that is asking is uh underlying how much is important to the manufacturer from registration of an organization to organizing and growing the started organization money is needed do you want to comment I can't tell you the experience here we started transition do you hear me yes I can yeah when we start here we didn't have problem with the money I mean even the municipality has cost to if we want to have money you know we we didn't need it for the first time and then it was only at the end of the second year that we really applied to some concrete project that we have but I don't know I have I don't want to say that the economical aspect is not important overall it's important you know if you want to to make a work your work and to dedicate to that but actually it's a lot of good will in between the population and the people who want to do things that allow you to start in the beginning and I had the impression that now you know in the last year in the last couple of years almost it's more easy to find out funding to different kind of project because many many people is getting seen how you say like what you are doing and easy to get the fall to support you in some way and actually one of the things that happen after in transition town is that you learn new skill that is needed to make the new work then you also can make a small companies you know and transition is one of the typical city transition is that you make a small company to to different to develop different because you develop different skills new skills about skills that is there that was asking what do you refer to when you say rescaling workshops like for example how you make a compost how you make a compost with warm how you make bread how you repair things how you learn to to growing your food how you learn to fix your bike I mean it's according to your interest and where you are and what is it how you can do you know because today the tendency today that you pay for every thing you know for every seven and it's okay but you also have if you want to be more resigning we need to learn all this skill ourselves to have the in some way to manage it to be self-sufficient in some way and it's very bright you know I mean from the small things to the big things okay thank you and there are two more questions about information technology one from Regen that says in Botswana we still have a challenge of information technology for example internet access is limited not everyone has a smartphone or a computer not everyone is computer literate so most meet most of meetings with community has to be in person so it's about the importance of information technology compared to being in person no and the other question from me is the challenge of ICT is so common for some rural areas in Bangladesh especially in Orton and southern part of Bangladesh so both that they are both asking about or maybe they are just commenting not asking about the use of information technology and devices in in the processes that you and Christina talked about what do you think yes that it's somehow a matter also of differences between rural and urban communities that it's also a big topic in the conference itself so in my experience and also Mauricio experience that works also with the indigenous people in Latin America we think that also one one topic of the transition it's how to to be free to set us free from the dependence from technology as well so I think that it's something that it has to be taken in account when we do these kind of experiences at the processes but we have also to figure out a sort of independence from those kind of tools I think an hybrid solution for that it will be helpful also to be discussed for this kind of a specific site problems I would say Mariela I can say that we have the the opposite problem here in Norway you know because we have too much technology and and then we have the problem how we connect the use from the the computers and with the smart telephone and then you know you can have an advantage because we you can do a lot of things you can share information but also many use are living in this world and not necessarily had to be but but when you are using or you are focused all your life in the social media you just connect a little bit from the real reality around you know and this is also a challenge for us here in Norway unless I if we don't have other question I will just send in the chat a pdf with the with the front page of the presentation and with the useful links to the documentary and other and other resources that we were mentioning that during the presentation so we can ask we can also answer to other questions that were in the chat in this way I don't know if we have other questions or we can just close the session no there is just a link sent by Candice thank you Candice to share experiences and there is a request from John Joshy that was to which again the video the the back casting video I want to maybe a guy yeah you know I want to remark I mean one thing I hope the people who are still here in the in the meeting I want to remark that because I have been working more than 30 years in environmental issues you need to start when when the environmental problem is not known in some way for the most of the people but I find out in the way you know and in all this time that is you only focus in the thing that you have to make out it's not enough to be sustainable in life you know I mean I think you have to to in some way to be more focused in how you start the process of change on in your belief what are you coming to do in the earth what is important for you and really when you begin to write this kind of question for yourself and for your college that you are working with then you are really make a change and this change is going to express in some way in what you are doing outside but without that you have a fighting of ego you have a fighting for how you say who is the best and a lot of human things that we have from this competitive world where we are growing and then that therefore for me the the inner inner working transition is really important and I really believe that if you don't have this kind of stuff in any process it's difficult to make change that is continued in the time Thank you Maurizio very inspiring for all of us and also thanks Cristina for the very interesting presentation so I think we can continue and it would be a pleasure now to continue this interaction also using the email so please take notes of our emails and feel free to contact all of us for further information or for sharing other experiences we will be very happy okay so thank you and by Cristina do you want to add anything before we close the the room just that thank you thank you all of you to be part of this session because I think that me and Maurizio we are trying to to matching two words that so many times are so far away from each other you know that it's somehow one of the the academic world and the grassroots initiatives you know that we are we are discussing on the same topics but in different rooms so it was nice to have these two sides of the same dimension of the same question thank you and see you soon bye thank you bye