 Gas fermentation is a promising technology for producing low-carbon biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass. Gas fermentation involves converting biomass into syngas, which is then fermented by acetogenic bacteria to produce hydrocarbon products. This process has several advantages over existing methods, including greater feedstock flexibility in lower production costs. Recent advances in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology are enabling the use of gases as the feedstock for the production of increasingly energy-dense fuels and more valuable chemicals. This article was authored by James Daniel, Sean Dennis Simpson and Michael Kopka.