 This study investigated the relationship between sleep loss and autoimmune diseases. It was found that sleep loss can lead to increased production of the cytokine GM-CSF, which can cause TH17 cells to become more pathogenic and promote autoimmune diseases such as uveitis. Additionally, it was discovered that this process involves interactions between TH17 and mild cells, which are mediated by GM-CSF signaling. This research provides insight into the mechanisms behind sleep loss and its association with autoimmune diseases, and suggests potential therapeutic targets for treating these conditions. This article was authored by Xuxing Liu, Yuhan Su, Jiao Hao Wang, and others.