 Mitochondria are emerging as a key player in cancer development due to their role in generating reactive oxygen species, ROS. These ROS can cause oxidative stress and damage to the electron transport chain, leading to impaired mitochondrial function and increased tumor growth. Research has shown that precision medicine targeting mitochondria can be used to manipulate nutrients and redox homeostasis in cancer cells, potentially offering a new approach to treating cancer. Nanotechnology-based strategies have been developed to generate ROS in order to manipulate mitochondrial redox homeostasis, and these techniques could be used to develop novel mitochondria targeting agents. This review provides an overview of current research and outlines potential future applications of mitochondria targeting agents. This article was authored by Haibao Peng, Fei Baiyeo, Jiaxu Zhao, and others.