 First, I'd like to say thank you to John for having me speak here today, never being in the Navy, but always been interested in it in Navy history. It's kind of a dream come true and quite the honor to be able to speak at the War College today about naval history. I thank you the audience for coming here and giving me this opportunity because without you taking time of your day to come listen to me, I would not have this opportunity. So I say thank you and I know many of you are veterans, so I say thank you for your service as well. Oh, to the left? Is it the gray one or the, or is it? First, it's the old full-in OFF. There you go, all right, so it's this one. The one on the left, yes. Okay, all right, thanks. All right, this is the fourth vessel to bear the name of the Massachusetts. There were three other vessels before her to be called Massachusetts. This is the second battleship of the United States Navy. She was built in the late 1800s and she served in the Spanish-American War. She fired on Cuban batteries and also was involved in the blockade of Cuba. Here is the fifth Massachusetts. She's being built here at the Quincy Shipyard. And this is taking one day before her launch date, so this would be September 22nd, 1942. And right in front of the bow is a platform where she would be christened the next day by the wife of Charles Francis Adams, who was the former secretary of the Navy and was also a member of Quincy's most famous family. This is a big day for the Massachusetts. As she steams, this is May 12th, 1942. This is her commissioning day. She's being towed through the Four River Bridge right in Quincy, heading on her way to Boston for her commissioning. Her commissioning, because it was during a time of war, happened at the—she was commissioned at the South Boston Navy Annex, but because it was a time of war, it wasn't really a big deal. It was just something they had to commission her right away, because as you know at this time, things were not really going well for the United States, so they needed to get her quickly into action as fast as possible. This is a picture here of the crew. The Massachusetts had its own band. It's a very large ship. One of the things that the Navy had—actually it goes back many years—is ship's dances, and this was an opportunity for the crew to come together. Since there were over 2,000, all these men were basically strangers to one another. Some had—most had never been to sea before, they had never been in the Navy, a few had, but the ship's dances were an opportunity for all the sailors to kind of one, kind of do something fun and get the stress and tension out, because obviously being in the Navy is very strict and harsh discipline, but they're also at a time of war. This was an opportunity for the crew to kind of relax and have fun. What the Massachusetts carried, she carried between two and three Scout Fisher planes. As you see here, this is a picture of her. This is one of the planes on the fan tail. Actually these ships would actually be catapulted off of the stern, and what they were used for, as this is a time that radar was kind of in its infancy, these planes, these Scout planes would go ahead of the fleet and actually be the eyes of the fleet and be the radar, since radar was kind of still something new. So they would scout for the enemy. Also what these planes would do was that they would call in fire adjustments. So once the Massachusetts was firing, one of these planes would be aloft and it would be circling and it would come in radio adjustments to the gunners, saying, okay, you need to come left a thousand yards, something, not a job that I would want to do since the shells are flying right near you, but this is something, a very important job these planes would do. And the planes actually would be lifesavers as well, because once the Massachusetts was in the Pacific, that those, these pilots would get the call to rescue aviators that had to ditch, whether the plane was damaged from the enemy or mechanical failure. Sometimes pilots couldn't make the carriers, so they had to ditch in the water and these planes would be catapulted off, locate the pilot in the water, they would land and taxi over and rescue the pilot and then take off. These planes would land right next to the Massachusetts and that crane you can kind of see in the back, if you will, would kind of come down, they would turn it down and they would lower a cable down and they would literally hoist that plane back aboard the ship. So the Massachusetts would be credited with saving the lives of 7 aviators during World War II, sometimes under hostile fire. The Massachusetts was part of Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa in November of 1942. This is where it is believed that the Massachusetts fired the first 16 inch shell of World War II against the enemy. Here's a picture of the French battleship Jean Bart. She is actually firing at the USS Massachusetts in this picture. And the picture here is the destruction of the Jean Bart showing the damage done by the USS Massachusetts. During this action the USS Massachusetts was hit a couple of times, but nothing serious. This is the picture here of showing the damage of the Jean Bart from Bowie to Stern. Also the Massachusetts was credited with sinking two enemy destroyers in this battle and she actually was fired upon by an enemy submarine, but those torpedoes missed her. This is just showing a break in the action during the naval battle of Casablanca. Two big American flags were flying there, a lot of the flags were hit. This is showing right here, that's the after turret. The Massachusetts had three turrets, two up front and one in the back. After the naval, once the victory was declared and the USS Massachusetts or she would be later nicknamed by the crew Big Mammy, sailed back to the states and operated off the east coast, especially in Portland, Maine, just getting ready to be sent to the Pacific. The crew would practice training, firing the guns. This is by 1943, the Massachusetts was in the Pacific. She would shell enemy islands that were held by the enemy. She would also be used to protect aircraft carriers. She had 10 538 inch guns on her port and starboard sides and those were used to shoot down the enemy aircraft. The Massachusetts would steam right next to the aircraft carriers and as the enemy planes came in, those guns would open up and shoot down the Japanese aircraft. This is a birthday, just not really a good picture, but it's a picture of the Massachusetts menu for her second birthday in 1944. The crew went to Great Lens to celebrate her birthday. They made up a special menu with special cake and so the crew began to have a lot of affection for the ship. After while she was steaming back on the way back to Washington, that was when she celebrated her second birthday in May of 1944. From May until July 1944, she was overhauled in Washington State at the Bremerton shipyard. They had to rely on her gun barrels and firing those 16 inch shells can cause damage to the guns so they had to realign them and make some other adjustments to the ship. So by August she was heading back into the Pacific. This is a picture of the Massachusetts arriving in Ulythia Tall in November of 1944. The Massachusetts was involved in the naval battle of Leyte Gulf. She actually was part of the northern force that chased with Admiral Harsley the Japanese northern fleet, the ghost fleet if you will, because they had aircraft carriers but they were more of a decoy than anything. So the Massachusetts steamed with the carriers that attacked the Japanese northern force at the battle of Leyte Gulf. Another event that the Massachusetts was involved in was in December of 1944, Housie's typhoon that caused the loss of over 800 sailors when three destroyers capsized as they were attempting to refuel in a typhoon if you will. There was something that the Navy obviously was a giant disaster but the Massachusetts was involved with that task force that was trying to refuel but unfortunately they were in a typhoon and three destroyers capsized with the loss of over 300 sailors, I'm sorry with over 800 sailors. The Massachusetts was in part of both operated with both the third and the fifth fleets in the Pacific. Here this is a picture of an aircraft carrier burning off of Okinawa but the Massachusetts was involved in the invasion of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. The Navy lost almost 5,000 sailors off of Okinawa through the Kamikaze attacks. Being in a battleship you were very, very fortunate with all the armor involved but the destroyers, other smaller ships obviously took a big brunt of the hits. On the Massachusetts and big, we'll actually be called Big Mami by her crew or Mighty Mami. Her guns are actually in this photograph. She's kind of behind the other ship here in the foreground. They're actually shelling the Japanese home islands in August of 1945, right before the end of the war. Massachusetts is credited along with the other ships of just driving across the Pacific with the US Navy from the Marshall Islands all the way to the Japanese home islands. After the war the Massachusetts was transferred to the east coast and sent to Norfolk in 1947. This is a picture of some of her sailors right before she was decommissioned. She stayed in Norfolk from 1947 and 1963. There she was, she sat waiting to serve her country again but the call never came. You can kind of see in this picture here that they're preparing her to be decommissioned and mothballed if you will. There's some cocoons and different things they put on the guns. There's a lot that goes into preserving a ship and taking it out of action and preserving it to be used later. So it was quite the undertaking but she patiently waited for her country to call again. Here's a picture here of former crew members and they're holding a flag of the Massachusetts Navy that goes back to the Revolutionary Times. In the early 1960s the Navy decided to scrap the USS Massachusetts. When former crew members read about it in the newspaper in 1963, they were obviously upset and wanted to save their ship for future generations. So what they decided to do was they were going to appeal to the governor of Massachusetts. The governor could create what they called the State Commission and by creating the State Commission you would pledge state money to preserve, to actually get the ship, pay for the ship from the Navy and have it be donated from the Navy to the state and the state would be paying for the funding. But when they approached the governor about it and he said, no, he didn't want any part of it, we already have the USS Constitution, we don't need it. But the crew was not to be deterred. They realized they wanted to bring the Massachusetts home for a couple of reasons. One, it was their ship but also they wanted to create a Memorial, World War II Memorial for all the citizens killed in Massachusetts during World War II. So what they decided to do was they created the Massachusetts Memorial Incorporated. They created a non-profit by 1964. They started, they went out to school children. They went out to every school in Massachusetts asking if the children would donate. That was actually very successful because in the end school children of Massachusetts would actually raise over half the money needed to help save Massachusetts. They did drives, they sold commissions, honorary commissions, a lot of companies donated supplies, stickers, printing, brochures, the whole works. They wanted to, it became a big, big, big story. And finally by 1965 they had raised enough money to prove to have the Navy donate the ship and they also, but the problem was and they didn't, but without them they learned that the Navy was going to donate the ship and they realized that they were going to get this big, giant battleship. They had no place to put her because they realized that Boston didn't want her. So they were really starting to be panicked obviously. They had sent letters to every city council or mayors on the east coast of Massachusetts seeking if they'd want her, but they realized that the only mayor or town council they hadn't heard from was the Mayor of Fall River. So they contacted the Mayor of Fall River and he's, at the time, all these factories are leaving Massachusetts. The economy of his city is on the really downturn. So he said, sure, I'll take this tourist attraction. So right then and there, without a month to spare, they realized, okay, we're going to bring her to Fall River is going to be her home. So this is a picture here of some of the former crew members who flew down or drove down or took buses because they were going to go aboard the Massachusetts and ride her back all the way back to Fall River. This is a picture here of taken from the Massachusetts and it shows an aircraft carrier in the background. This is kind of the changing of the guard, if you will, because you have this old obsolete battleships and you have the new, kind of the new Navy, I guess if you will, the aircraft carrier has replaced the battleship. So she's going out to Fall River. Here's a picture of the former crew members. Some of them posed for this photograph on the way to Fall River. Very excited to save their ship and bring her back to the home state. And here she is arriving at Fall River underneath the Braga Bridge in August of 1965. This was a huge event covered by the media. The Navy was really involved. They had famous dignitaries and the governor. They have all these pleasure crafts that came to welcome the Massachusetts. They actually had to take some of off the mast. Before she left Norfolk, they had to literally cut some of that mast off or she wouldn't fit it underneath the Braga Bridge. This is the, in August 1965, they dedicated her as the official World War II Memorial in Massachusetts. They had a huge crowd as well. This little picture here is taken from the Massachusetts. They had a big ceremony, VIPs, the Navy, the mayor. Everybody, it was a big, big deal. And this is one of the reasons why I think the Massachusetts is so special. In 1968, they dedicated and opened the Memorial Room. This is on the main deck right behind the galley. And this is, on the left here, you can see panels. And those are names of over 13,000 Massachusetts residents killed in World War II. It doesn't matter what if they were in the Navy Army, but everyone is listed by county, I believe, but there are over 13,000 names there. And she's the official state Memorial to those killed in World War II. In 1968, she was moved to her present location as she appears today in her deep water mooring. In 1972, my scout master wanted to see if he could have his boy scout stay aboard the Massachusetts overnight. So this became one of the museum's most profitable events, nautical nights. Because they have, it's open to youth groups, camping groups, boy scouts, girl scouts. They're allowed to, all the boys, this is a picture of the kids coming aboard the Massachusetts with the sleeping bags. They do is they sleep in the same bunks the sailors sleep in. They learn about tying knots and naval terminology. They have a meet the veterans talk where a veteran will come and talk about patriotism and what it was like to serve in the military. They eat in the galley, so it's quite the experience for them that they kind of living history that these children don't get to, you know, they get a better feel for it when they see how uncomfortable the bunks were or how small the spaces were. They really appreciate it. Another attraction at Battleship Cove is the Baylor class submarine USS Lionfish. She was commissioned in November of 1944 and her first commanding officer was the son of Admiral Spruance. So he had a big connection to the Navy there. By January, February 1945, she operated in the Pacific and conducted a few war patrols. She, her crew believes they sank in enemy submarine. However, it's never been officially located, but the crew believe that they did. After the war, she was decommissioned, but by the early 1950s, she served the Navy again at New London and also down in Florida as a school ship to get new submarines adjusted to learn about submarines and sonar, so she was used as a school ship. In 1952, she operated with the Sixth Fleet, so she did do one Sixth Fleet cruise, but the late 50s, she kind of was in and out of service, mainly used as a school ship. By 1971, she was decommissioned, and 1972, she was brought to Battleship Cove and kind of serves as a memorial to all submariners. When you go aboard here, you'll understand that being in a submarine is not for everybody, so it gives you a good indication of what being on a submarine is like. Here's a picture of what she looks like today. You can come on board. The tour is given just forward of that little flag sticking up, and you can go in their spaces. They're rarely cramped, but it's, she had over 60 sailors in there, and when you go down inside, you'll be amazed at how they did that. This is a picture here of the oldest son of Joseph and Rose Kennedy, Joseph Kennedy Jr. This is a picture in 1942 after he graduated from, he earned his wings, his aviator wings, his father is Joseph Kennedy's senior, obviously, but he's had the honor of giving his son his aviation wings. This is a, this is Squantum Naval Air Station. Today you can still walk around these grounds. This is actually in Quincy, and now it's turned into condos, but this is where he learned to fly in 1942. He did further training down in Florida, and eventually by 1943, 1944, he was transferred over to England, where he was used to fly over the North Sea and also the English Channel scouting for U-boats. In August 1944, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. volunteered for a very top-secret mission. What his mission was basically to fly a B-25 liberator filled with explosives, and halfway to target, he and his co-pilot would parachute out of it, and they would land on the ground and be rescued. What the purpose of this mission was was that their plane would be a drone. They would be filled with explosives. They would bail out, and a B-17 would be behind their plane, and the B-17 would use remote control radio guidance to literally fly that B-25 into a V-2 rocket installation in France. This program was very top-secret, very controversial, because in the end it didn't turn out to bear much fruit. So during one of Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.'s first missions, he was flying the plane along with his co-pilot, and over England, something happened and they don't know what, and the plane exploded prematurely, so both he and his co-pilot were killed instantly. But like I said, the program, it was just a dangerous program, and they never knew what happened, but supposedly maybe a stray static, something set off the explosives. In April of 1945, the Navy started to build a destroyer named after him, the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Again, this is in Quincy, Quincy Shipyard, and she's beginning to come to life here. On July 26, 1945, she was launched. This is a big event here. The little boy holding his arms is actually Ted Kennedy, and over his right shoulder is Robert Kennedy Jr. I'm sorry, Robert Kennedy. Robert Kennedy would actually serve on this ship for about a couple of months in 1946, but this is her launching date at the Quincy Shipyard. This is Jean Kennedy. She's the youngest daughter of the Kennedy family, and she was chosen to christen the JPK as she was the goddaughter of Joseph. She was commissioned in 1945 in December, too late for World War II. This is at the Boston Navy Yard. And once again, Jean Kennedy Smith is on hand for the, she's basically standing in the middle of the photograph underneath the gun turret. Here's a picture of the Kennedy right during the Korean War. In January of 1951, both she and her destroyer squadron were off of career. They provided direct fire support for troops pinned down by the enemy. They'd conducted shore bombardment on targets such as trains. Another important task of hers was to screen aircraft carriers, use her sonar to listen for enemy submarines, and also for plane guard duties, meaning basically she would steam behind the carrier as the carrier was launching or recovering aircraft. And in case a pilot went into the water, the destroyer could help rescue the pilot. So the destroyer is kind of like the jack-of-all-trades ship. She has many, many functions. So one of the things that Kennedy also did in the Korean War was she served for a couple of months in the Formosa Straits. What she did was that she sailed in between Formosa and mainland China to prevent an invasion by the enemy forces on Formosa. Also, this is one of the time-ondered traditions in the Navy is shellbacks and polywags. Anyone who's never crossed, they actually have ones for the Arctic, which is a blue nose. They have all different things, but this is when the ship crossed the equator. If you were a shellback, that means you had crossed the crater before, so you didn't have to go through this hazing ritual. If you were a polywag, that meant you did, and that included the captain. If the captain of the ship was a polywag, he still had to go through this hazing ritual. So what they would do is that they take all these guys, make them run through garbage, crawl in their hands and knees through all muck and mire, be sprayed with hoses, have their hair cut, all sorts of things. Once they survived that, they would become a shellback and they would get an official certificate, so they had to go through it. This is quite the ritual. One individual who had a very close relationship with the ship was none other than John F. Kennedy. Obviously, he was named after his oldest brother. This is a picture here of John visiting the ship as she was in Boston Navy Yard in 1952. John here had just won his election to be a U.S. Senator for the first time from Massachusetts. But here, sometimes the Navy does a lot of goodwill, and one of the things is sometimes they hold ship parties for children, and this is such one of those events that John F. Kennedy attended. They were called great diplomats during the creation of the Sixth Fleet in the late 1940s. The U.S. Navy would steam all across the globe, and this is a picture here of the Kennedy arriving in Monaco, France, and these sailors would kind of be, as they got off the ships, and the ships themselves would kind of be the American presence in Europe. So they had to, at this time, the Cold War is heating up, and Russia is trying to get a foothold into certain areas in certain governments and communism is creeping. So the United States Navy would provide, would be the watchdog, if you will, and would try to respond to different flare-ups, different situations that became distabled with other governments. The Navy would kind of be on the call for the President to help keep the peace. This is a picture here of what they called underway replenishment. On the left is a fuel ship, an oiler, providing fuel to the Kennedy. Destroyers used up a lot of fuel, so between almost every two to three days she'd be needed to be refueled. She could be refueled from a carrier, but also this was a very dangerous operation, so sailors had to be very careful. In 1959, she participated along with many other ships of the Navy in Operation Inland Sea. This is the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway, a very big PR event for the Navy, because as these ships came in, they would stop at all various cities, so they'd let the public come aboard their ships, and people would get to see these great Navy ships and learn more about the Navy, so she participated in that historic event. In the early 1960s, the U.S. Navy had a big problem because the Soviet Union was building a lot of submarines, and the U.S. Navy, their destroyers at the time were of a World War II vintage, and the Navy didn't have a lot of funding to build new destroyers to counter the Soviet submarine threat, so they decided to do a program to modernize them, so the Kennedy went under what they call a fleet, a Fram, it stands for fleet rehabilitation and modernization. Basically, one of the changes was she had a more modernized pilot house, a bridge, it would be widened, it would have more windows that you see were put in, but it was made wider and bigger, and new electronics and equipment were brought in. Another piece of equipment they brought in was this ASSROC, which is anti-submarine rocket. This is actually installed behind our first funnel. What this would do is that those cells, those little boxes, open up and a missile would be fired out, and a parachute, the missile would come down, it could be coming down on the water, and then once it hit the water, it became activated, so then it would circle for the enemy submarine to destroy it. This was kind of what they called a standoff weapon because once the submarine is too close to you, it could be too late for you to really get the sub before it gets you, so this was something they could use to get the submarine before the submarine could actually be within firing distance of the ship. And this is the other modernization they put on was called a dash, it was a drone anti-submarine rocket. This is the helicopter, yes, sorry helicopter, drone anti-submarine helicopter. This is the first generation of drones that you see today. Underneath, this is a picture of a tool that Kennedy actually has on board today, and underneath you can see the two torpedoes. They kind of would use this as a remote control. They would literally, they could only fly basically a line of sight, and once they had the enemy sub, you could fire the torpedoes. But by the late 60s, these helicopters were off of the destroyers. The program didn't seem to be too good. John F. Kennedy will use the Kennedy as a viewing platform for the American Cup races in September of 1962. Jackie was aboard, and the crew was very happy to have President Kennedy, so they built the model for him. He was aboard for a couple of days, and he was very happy because the ship meant so much to him. In October of 1962, the Kennedy was part of the blockade for the Cuban Missile Crisis. Here, this is a picture of her of stopping Lebanese registered ship Maroukola, and the Kennedy lowered her whale boat, and along with other crew members of the pierce, she boarded and inspected the Maroukola, but no contraband was found, no Cuban Missile parts or anything like that. So after a two-hour search, she was allowed to proceed to Cuba. In the late 60s, the Kennedy was part of the NASA and the Navy's afloat recovery teams. She was used along with the other ships to help steam in a certain area when the astronauts were expected to land. By the late 60s, the Russians had a Navy presence in the Mediterranean, and very important for the Kennedy was kind of to shield aircraft carriers and protect them because the Russians would try to take photographs of what was happening. They'd try to interrupt refueling operations and flight operations, so the Kennedy would kind of shepherd the Russian ships away. This is what they call the Fall River Navy today. They have the Kennedy lionfish and the Massachusetts, although this is more of the late 70s because they would move the lionfish kind of in between the Kennedy and Massachusetts. One of the great programs Battleship Cove has is the Meet the Veterans Talk here as a Navy veteran talking to Cub Scouts. As I said earlier, this program is very good. It gives kids a chance to learn what life in the Navy is about, patriotism. I belong to a group called the JPK Volunteers, and once a month what we do is we go aboard the ship and help ship paint and preserve it for future generations. Sometimes we have weekends where we stay aboard the ship and it's a great time for camaraderie and fellowship. Anyone can get involved in this group, and this is a group photo during one of our weekend field days. It's civilians, Navy veterans, everybody coming together to help preserve the ship. The Battleship Cove has two PT boats. One of them is PT 796. She was used as PT 109 during JFK's inaugurational parade. She was towed out of the water. She was painted with 109 and she was towed as a float. She wasn't the same type that PT 109 was, but they just wanted to have a PT boat. She opened to the public in 1976. She first opened on a concrete pier, but obviously that wasn't going to work out too well because the elements were going to destroy her, so they actually found a quonset hut, moved that to Fall River and put her inside that to preserve her from the elements. Here's another PT boat, PT 617. This is another one of the exhibits. Visitors can't go on board these boats, but they can access them by walking around them on a walkway. This is what Battleship Cove looks like today. You can visit it. It's open for every day except holidays. They have a website where you can check out that they're getting involved with special events now. They had a D-Day, not too long ago, during the Celebrate the Anniversary of D-Day. The Massachusetts has a living history group, if you will. You can get involved in that. They wear authentic period costume and talk to visitors about being in the Navy in World War II. It's a very happening place right now. The Kennedy herself, one thing I will say is that her future looks troubled because she needs a new hull and that's looking at $15 million. She needs to be dry docked quickly within two years. Right now the Cove is reaching out to state and federal. The Battleship Cove is a non-profit. Obviously it relies on the public for support. Thank you. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them. Thank you. I worked with Moran Towing Company. Oh, okay. I was with Proud and Steamboat. We were going to assist them and she was going to be towed to the Boston Navy Shipyard from Manuel Overhill. Oh, okay. And at the time, they told me the Navy never gives up ownership. They're letting you buy it. Oh, yes, that is correct, yes. They also got talking to a retired naval officer and he was the guy who reactivated the Iowa class ships during the Korean War. Oh, wow. Interesting. And this ship, as I remember, was 100 feet shorter than the Iowa class. Oh, really? Oh, wow. Yes. Yes, there is. But he was saying that the fact control equipment he thought was the same on this ship and when they were activating the first of the battle ships, they brought in electronic control for fire control and they wanted him to remove all the old stuff. He said, well, let's see if your stuff works. They took it out and the first salvo, they blew all the electronics in there. Oh, no. Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha. Any other questions? Did the Massachusetts have a kingfisher? Yes, they had two or three, yes. Get up to three. In certain circumstances where they were low on fuel, they had to get in the water regardless of what the condition of the water was. How successful, I assume there was successful most of the time, but there had been certain times where the water was so bad that... Oh, they couldn't land. Oh, yeah, the water had to be flat, yes. Well, I mean, if they had to land, if they were low on fuel, they didn't have a choice, then they could potentially be in a rather difficult circumstance. Oh, yes, yes. Oh, yes. It's a rough water. Yes. Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha. For sure. Any other questions? What shape of the hull is Massachusetts doing? Actually, her hull was redone in 1998, so she's actually in pretty good shape. The Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. was last time dry docked in 1986, and she's a destroyer, so as you know her hull's paper thin, so she's in trouble. Any other questions? Jim, just to note, I also volunteer at the National Code, but like you mentioned, but it might not hit you as hard as I want to hit you with it now, is it's the 50th anniversary of arrival of the cold river. So they're planning a lot of events that are happening. You might have seen the Providence General just last weekend. They had an astronaut there. They had a space station. They're building up to a lot of things come August, so keep your eye out for the visitation. Thank you. I can make a remark. I think, in my opinion, Massachusetts is really special, more special than some of the newer Iowa class ships, which are memorials to Norfolk or Pearl Harbor, because everything on the Massachusetts is left in World War II conditions, as opposed to you go aboard the Missouri and Hawaii, and it's got computers and newer pumps and missile launchers on the main deck. The Massachusetts has pretty much as it was, I find it remarkable to look at that old technology and believe how it must have been like in World War II. Yeah, no. No, thank you. Thank you. And I know that Chris Naughty, who's a curator and the staff, they work really hard at keeping that in the World War II configuration. Thank you. Any other questions? Can you go there by boat? I believe. If you can get it. That, I don't know. It's sure that you can get there. I know there's a marina nearby, and I'm sure, I don't know if you need a permit or not, or mooring or something, but I'm sure you can. Any other questions? All right, thank you.