 We have looked at germ-free animals, mice, and shown that, in fact, if you introduce bacteria into the intestine of the germ-free mice, that you can change the activity in the brain and the behavior. It's not just diet, it's also the clear association. Others at the Karolinska in Sweden have shown that if you take a germ-free mouse, that the introduction of bacteria into the intestine completely change and allow maturation of the brain. So it's influencing the brain development and the nervous system development, which in turn is going to be influenced by genetics and subsequent environmental factors. But clearly the bacteria in the intestine affect differentiation and maturation of the nervous system. Then we established that, at least with the bacteria that we were using, which was an actobacillus ramnosis, that if we cut the vagus nerve below the diaphragm, that all these changes, changes in relation to stress responses and the HPA axis, changes in the GABA receptors in the brain all were removed. So that, at least for that bacterium, the communication between the bacteria and the brain were mediated by the intact vagus nerve. Now, other people now have shown that this is not the only pathway and that clearly there may be humeral systemic pathways, so it isn't necessarily only the vagus. But for certain bacteria this is clearly the case and that's why we are chasing that particular pathway. We don't know what the humeral molecules are, that's the short answer to the question. However, the bacteria we have shown that the bacteria can communicate directly with the local nervous system and then to the vagus nerve through components of the bacteria. In this case a polysaccharide, an exopolysaccharide component of the capsule of a particular bacteria and bacteria already is fragile. And so we think that there are probably many different pathways, many different molecules, not just components of the actual bacterium. The bacteria also make neurotransmitters such as GABA, which can affect the local nervous system and which in turn stimulates, in this case, the vagus to pass signals to the brain and affect the same system. So there are many different systems and there are many different pathways and that's only a very brief understanding. More is coming out daily as various people around the world investigate this association.