 I know for a fact that you've had a very tough day. Has it been good here in Sweden you think it's been a great day in Sweden Has it have you achieved what you had set to do? Well, I don't think you ever know until you know you go home and sometimes a few months or a year later But but we'll see I certainly hope so that's right And we know that you're off to another country later today I think Germany and also to continue this and really try to get action I should also say SI has benefited from support from your foundation in various areas health Water sanitation not least But also in terms of agriculture food security and we know just like SIDA that there are certain Triggers issues that you're pushing very hard for and we appreciate that very much. You're challenging us as well Please the floor is yours for a presentation And we will see afterwards if there is any time for any question, but please great. Thank you, Johan Thanks for having me. Can you hear me? Okay. Okay good So I love coming to Sweden Not just on days as glorious as today, but really any time and this is my first chance back in Sweden here in 2015, but it's really this unbelievable shared partnership that we have on so many issues such as global health and development Where we have very very aligned agendas and what we're trying to move across the world I don't think I have to tell you all that this is a really special time in development We haven't had a year like 2015 in a whole generation It's the pivotal moment where the Millennium Development Goals as you know, we're going to be reset They're called the sustainable development goals They'll come into play in September when the United Nations meet and what those goals do is Give us a blueprint and a roadmap as a world about how to act and act most effectively in development When you look at what has happened in the last 15 years since the Millennium Development Goals were set. We've done some incredible things as a world We've halved poverty We've cut in half childhood deaths. We've almost cut in half maternal deaths Those were all three big key goals as part of the Millennium Development Goals Now it's not just those goals being said it takes the public will to say this is important I want my government to invest our overseas development assistant dollars in those issues and I believe them I believe in them The way that these get translated on the ground Clearly the speakers who've already spoken on the panel before me travel a lot have lived in the developing world and Have been there. I have in my position the great privilege of being out in the developing world I'm out about four times a year Not only am I calling on governments and advocating for changes within their own governments But I spend a lot of time on the ground meeting with men and women in remote rural villages in the slums in Nairobi, etc And what I see now in the developing world that I didn't see when we began in this work Is that those Millennium Development Goals are being carried all the way down to the most remote Rural health post so Ethiopia for instance has invested in 15,000 health posts and they've staffed them with 30,000 healthcare workers predominantly women a health post is About the size of this stage. It's a tiny little building But it's a place where a woman comes in to get her child vaccinated where she comes for her anti-natal visits Where she comes in if she's wanting to learn about clean water and sanitation When I go in those health posts the health care workers Hang on the wall and they have them up all the time not just because I'm there pieces of paper that show you How many children have died in their village? How many pregnancies are planned and when those women are due what the vaccination rate is? How many cases of malaria? It is what happens at the global level with with the Millennium Development Goals and now the sustainable development goals carried all the way down to the village level and that That linkage is what is allowing us to know where to place those bets and it's what's creating change The reason we've had such a steep history and childhood mortality is because we know what works now and Because these health systems are being built out now by the various governments Rwanda Sri Lanka Ethiopia Senegal's investing in theirs We can now take all this incredible innovation and run them through those health systems If you get the health system up and running in the right way in the right way Bill and I wrote an annual letter we do at the beginning of each year One of the things that we're the predictions that we're making in the next 15 years is that we think more People the poor will be better off in the next 15 years than they have ever been in the history of the earth And that's because we're learning as a community together in partnership about what really works Besides the sustainable development goals this year another marker for our own foundation is that we have just crossed our 15-year anniversary And so it's been a time for Bill and I and the organization to stop and pause and reflect on what we've done What solutions we think we found and are deploying and what areas we want to go into that are potentially a bit new for us We are always looking for every dollar that we put down in these investments for the developing world Are we getting the return are if we're asking the Swedish government to invest in something like the global alliance for vaccines and Immunizations with they did with us from day one if we ask them to reinvest We have to say to ourselves are we reinvesting because we think that's a good mechanism and we're actually getting vaccines out there so When we start at our foundation we had a few key principles in mind the first is to live our values out through the foundation and Our primary goal with the foundation our mission is that bill and I believe that all lives have equal value all lives No matter where they're lived on the planet and yet the world doesn't today treat all lives as as equal The second principle that we had besides our value statement in our mission was that bill and I both come from a technology Background, I'm a computer science major. I worked at Microsoft for my career and we both believe in the power of innovation to change the world Look at what's going on with your cell phones today, right unbelievable Erickson in your own country just huge changes But we believe in innovations not just technology innovations But scientific innovations to change the world. So we're very invested today in vaccines and pharmaceuticals and biotechnology The third principle that we have is as a foundation. We have a lot to learn This is a gigantic space with a myriad of issues and we call ourselves a learning organization And I hope for the history of our foundation. We will always be known as a learning organization So in 2015 we set out on this journey of really trying to create some equity in the world And we thought about where could philanthropy play in that space and what we might do One of the things that I would say we have learned over the years about innovation is it's not just Scientific innovation where we started in research and development We will always be in research and development but we soon learned that we also needed to learn how to deliver those scientific innovations and We started to learn and are still learning about behavioral change Because if I can't get a woman if I take the greatest latest vaccine to her and she won't accept the polio drops in her Child's mouth or the vaccine in the child's arm Nothing's going to happen with that scientific innovation Now that we've gotten childhood mortality cut in half. There's still about 6.6 million deaths a year We have to look at that equation and say well, where are those 6.6 million deaths? 40 percent now are in the first month of life Vaccines aren't going to change that what will change that? Well, things like getting a woman to immediately and exclusively breastfeed What's the country that's had the most success in the last five years? Vietnam they've tripled their immediate and exclusive breastfeeding rate and you know what they did they did a really kind of innovative tv advertising campaign where it's a baby telling mothers and dads why it's important to be best fed Some of the things that they're learning about how to get this behavior change down We're going to take to other countries And that's just one of many many many examples. I could give you um The other thing I want to say about this year for me in particular speaking from the personal side Is I turned 50 this year and uh again It was last late last summer is a time for me to pause and reflect And when I think about what I want to make sure my career stands for for the rest of my life And when I look back at the end I want to say that I had a role in empowering women and girls As we have learned more and more about how to deliver these amazing innovations out in places in these remote rural areas It has become Absolutely clear that women and girls are at the center of that that at any program that you do You've got to have women as agents of change if you invest in a woman and girl She invests in everybody else in her family. We know that if she gets An extra kroner in her pocket She puts 90 percent of it back into her family and she invested in things like health and education But if we don't look at our programming and figure out how to put women at the very center of it We will miss so many opportunities and we will make false assumptions about how we're helping her lift her life up One example that makes me incredibly excited when I go out and see the mobile phone technology That is so ubiquitous now in africa Mobile payments are at scale in kenya Tanzania Bangladesh the philippines The difference that makes in a woman's life when she's in a remote rural area and she can save a dollar a day on her phone Or her husband goes into the city goes into Nairobi and gets a job and sends money back to her on her phone It means when it's time to pay the school fees or when the hunger season comes She has money and she doesn't have to renegotiate with her husband over the finances She's got money to invest in her kids That is an absolute game changer and that is but one example of what we're going to be able to do Already being delivered with cell phones, but many many more innovations to come on cell phones for women So when I think of women, I don't think of them as recipients of age of aid I think of them as economic engines of change and when I go to these days the united nations and sit on these panels You know with presidents and prime ministers They are all talking about women and girls because they know it makes a huge difference to the gp of their country So we need to act accordingly. We need to follow our own blueprint on the sdgs We need to invest as you all well known Sweden has been out in the forefront for a long time on women and girls issues Whether it's your new feminist foreign policy that I haven't heard of in any other countries yet Since that's so new here, but even sexual reproductive health rights Sweden was out in front on those issues and we have a chance now of delivering contraceptives to 120 million women by 2020 because investments you all are making We're making and other governments are making both from the donor nations and the low-income countries So what I want to say to all of you is as we look at this roadmap of the Sustainable development goals. We have some milestones coming up We have the financing for development conference in Addis Ababa that's coming up here in july very soon That will help us finance those sustainable development goals It's a chance for the climate community and the health community to come together to make investments But we also need to make sure that the g7 nations live up to their commitments So this 0.7 percent of gni that's going to overseas development assistance Sweden has led on that you all are actually give over 1 percent of your gni to Oda we use that to go to other country governments to say that's the right thing to do you should continue to invest So keeping the public's voice up on that and saying how important swedish development aid is Is something that is phenomenally that comes from your country The last thing i'll say is that our foundation is supporting something that many of you may have heard about something called global citizen And that's to bring to the populace the idea that we should all be global citizens We should all be investing on behalf of others in the world And if we align our efforts and we continue on this learning journey as a very large community We will lift up hundreds of millions of people around the world So i want to say that extended Ending extreme poverty is within our reach. It's within our lifetime If we finally put women and girls at the center of our agenda It's thrilling to be able to talk about what's possible in the world To think about so many people having an equitable life And so i'd love to see us grab this historic opportunity to make sure that everybody on this planet has a chance to live A healthy and productive life. Thank you Thank you very much. That was very very inspiring I'm going to say and very optimistic and positive in many ways not downplaying the challenges But really seeing that we have the opportunities and you start to see some fundamental changes in terms of government As well you said you had a learning process And i should say actually it's interesting that you bring up this issue of behavioral change As a key factor and sci has actually just this year launched Research program to really try to understand behavioral change and choice because we have the same experience on that We have to understand what the challenges are for the uptake for instance on new technology and knowledge and You you said that you've had a learning experience now after 15 years And you have a lot of success stories Have you also seen that there were certain things that didn't work out as you anticipated? I'm sure many but if you can pick on something which really gave you an insight Meaning that we changed a little bit the way we operate sure so early on we invested into disease Which you may or may not have heard of it's called calisar in india. It's a very debilitating disease And there was a drug available for it But you had to go in and be in the hospital get an intravenous Tube in your arm and be there for 14 days. So we invested there was a fantastic company new piece of technology coming out We could get the drug down to about Six days which wasn't great, but it was a bit better And so we invested in in the science to do that and we actually made progress. We got the drug Prices were still expensive But at the end of the day we realized we weren't going to solve that problem for two reasons We hadn't gone upstream enough to get ahead of okay. How do you get on top of this disease? So people don't even get it. We're just treating the downstream of after you've got it Okay, you've got a slightly better drug And we didn't even understand as a foundation the vector in which the disease was being spread So I can tell you today We don't go into a disease area at all anymore without understanding the entire vector of disease How things are transmitted how you might stop it how you go upstream We try and relieve pain and suffering today So we'll often still do a drug But we're always trying to say how do you go upstream of the science and prevent whatever the disease is So that is one of about 10 learnings. I could give you but that's one example There's a little bit of a systems approach that we need to have would you say that I mean So you learn from this but if and but you're also engaged very much in talking to a lot of donors Are we too risk averse when it comes to investments in these particular areas? Are we too afraid Of of you know trying out things learning and then move forward in general Well, I wouldn't say that about sweden I would say that well, I mean, I'll give you a specific example where you all weren't afraid and the rest of the world was Sexual and reproductive health rights. You all have been out on the forefront talking about that Making sure that women have their rights Keep bringing it to the global agenda But as a world we had backed away from contraceptives And part of it is because of some terrible coercion things that happened around the world in puru and my own country and in india But as a global health community really because of the terrible political fight in my own country Where people had conflated contraceptives with abortion Literally we backed away as a global health community And so we're hearing from 210 million women that they want access to contraceptives And we weren't investing in it as a global health community sweden was and a few others were But we weren't stepping out and saying look for women and girls Are you kidding me if a woman has the chance to delay that first birth particularly if she's a young girl Getting married. We know that 15 million girls get married before their first before they're 19 We can delay that first birth and or we can help her space the birth She's more likely to survive and so are her children The global health community wasn't investing in it. We are now and you all stayed out in front of that issue But many many many donors backed away Just one final question and then I will ask Enrique also if you want to sort of make a concluding reflection we can say from for this particular part based also on Melinda's presentation something take home message or or a comment And we are a science-based organization. We have colleagues also from similar science-based organizations The role of science in all this Sometimes they say we have enough science. We just need action. Come on. There's too much talk And you're too slow and too many papers I didn't say that you didn't don't tweet don't don't don't Don't tweet that But if we are coming as a science-based organization to you in the next 15 years And really are seeking your support for what we are trying to do what will be important for us to understand In terms of getting your support what is important in terms of the role of science some insights Let me just talk about the the importance of science. It's fundamental. I mean we don't yet have a cure for HIV AIDS We don't have a vaccine we have a terrible vaccine an old vaccine for tuberculosis that we don't even understand why it works But it's not very efficacious. We don't have a vaccine for malaria. Those are all so we're distributing Thank gosh the tools we have which are malarial bed nets and and using behavior science to try and get people to sleep under them But unless you go upstream on those problems, you'll never solve them So science is just fundamental to all this Which is why we do things like the grand challenges that have funded a few of these projects because we believe in science Excellent. Oh tweet that