 Cancer development and therapy response are influenced by inflammation, which can either promote or suppress tumor progression and various signaling pathways, inflammatory factors and metabolites regulate inflammation initiation and resolution. Modulating inflammation through local irradiation, cytokines, antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, DC vaccines, oncolithic viruses, TLR agonists and SPM is being explored in cancer therapy with some factors undergoing clinical trials. This article was authored by Huokang Zhao, Lei Yiwu, Guifang Yang and others.