 In this session, we are going to discuss the topic of state of nature with specific reference to Hobbes' philosophy. According to Hobbes, the state of nature was in which there were no criteria of rights and wrong. People took for themselves all that they could and human life has no importance. It is believed that a situation that is named as the state of nature, that a situation has been created by nature that every human being, So for Hobbes, the state of nature is characterized by the war of every human being in the world. So for Hobbes, the state of nature is characterized by the war of every human being in the world. So for Hobbes, the state of nature is characterized by the war of every man against every man. And this basic line is the reflection of the philosophy of Hobbes, that war of every man against every man. And every human being has his or her own rights, for which he or she is equal to every other person. So a consistent and violent condition of competition in which each individual has a natural right to everything regardless of the interests of the others. So the state of nature is a concept used in philosophy to create an image of hypothetical condition in which there is no political authority or association. So the concept is used to portray a society in which we no longer abide by the rule of law. In other words, where there will be only the battle of your own interests, there will be no rule of law. In fact, everyone will try to achieve their own interests in some way. The way they achieve it and the level at which they want to achieve it, this war will be fought with everyone. So philosophers have used the idea of a state of nature to argue that the state is based on an agreement between people to live together under laws. Now, what is the perspective of many philosophers about the state? That the state is basically a contract between individuals that how can everyone live together? That is, the importance of the state is that it gives people a chance to live together and to work together. So it is a social contract. Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, they are the philosophers. They take opposing stance on the state of nature and therefore take differing views on the authority and justification of the state. In addition to Hobbes, there are two other very important philosophers, Locke and Rousseau, who have talked about the social contract. However, we can compare these three's opinions to each other. But these three's opinions are that each state has its own creation with a specific purpose. And what is the importance here? What is the distribution of authority? And who will have it? And then in the same way, the justification of the state, it matters a lot. The philosophy of Hobbes in the justification of the state is that nature is actually the master of the state. However, some philosophers believe that those living in the state, who get opportunities, actually provide a state that how they can live together, how they can live for the development of their lives. In other words, when a state provides a chance to live together for the development of their lives, basically a contract is developed between them, in which some boundaries are determined. But if the contract is based on the rules and regulations of the law, then everyone's life will be peaceful and under some rules and regulations, everyone will have opportunities to do proper struggles for themselves. So, the debate between the law and the state, which we will discuss in different contexts, is a perspective of Hobbes in the same context.