 Welcome back to our meds smarter lecture series where we're taking a smarter approach to preparing future physician Before we get started if you'll take just a quick minute and click that like button and also Subscribe and turn the bell on so that you'll be notified when we post new videos Let's continue on our discussion of gram-negative organisms with homophilus influenza Homophilus influenza is a very small gram negative Coxo-baciliary rod it's transmitted via aerosol transmission. So coming out of the mouth with an aerosolized form and It also produces IgA protease. So if you remember back to our previous video, we have the shin Bacteria the homophilus influenzae is the hi and shin for those that produce IgA protease that can help increase their ability to colonize the mucosal membranes the most common type of Infection of homophilus influenzae is an unencapsulated or non-typeable strain That's the most thing the thing that we see the most in patients that are Infected with homophilus influenza and the reason that we typically see the non-typeable strains is the most common now It's because we have that vaccine for the capsular type B So we are able to decrease the risk of a type B infection due to our vaccination However, we do have some non-typeable ones that have become more prominent now because those are not covered under the vaccine These bacteria do grow very well in the chocolate auger Now the specific thing about chocolate auger is that it has Factor 5 and factor 10 on it and as you see in this picture here We're seeing the factor 5 and the factor 10 on this chocolate auger But we're not seeing any growth of the bacteria around those. That's because homophilus influenza requires both Factor 5 and factor 10 to be able to grow on this auger. So you see in this top Section here that disc contains both factor 5 and factor 10 which allows our bacteria to grow Factor 5 is the NAD plus and factor 10 is hemitin which aids in the growth of homophilus influenza on a culture You can also grow this with staph aureus which staph aureus will give Factor 5 or the NAD plus because of the homolysis of red blood cells So that is another way that we can grow this in a laboratory setting So let's try and remember what does homophilus influenza cause This little mnemonic of sorts here should be able to help you So homophilus remember the E MOP for homophilus causing E epiglottitis M meningitis O otitis media and P pneumonia So homophilus in and of itself and the way it's spelled tells us what it causes epiglottitis meningitis otitis media and Pneumonia Now it is worthy to note just because you see Influenza in the name homophilus influenzae. This does not cause the flu that is due to the influenza virus not homophilus influenza Also, the vaccine is given to Children usually in the two to 18 month range to help reduce the risk of homophilus influenza infection now we talked about Homophilus causes epiglottitis. What is epiglottitis in this picture here? We see From the top down. So this is putting a tube in someone's throat looking down at the epiglottis This is the epiglottis. You can see this is a very very inflamed epiglottis That is going to be very difficult for patients to breathe to swallow to especially for food to pass down So this is a large inflammation of the epiglottis that can cause problems Due to the homophilus influenza infection. We treat this with amoxicillin with or without clavulinate Which is augmentin for mucosal infections. So if they have the epiglottitis We're going to use the augmentin or amoxicillin if they have meningitis So we say that it can cause meningitis. We will use seftriaxone because remember axe and seftriaxone causes Permiates the blood-brain barrier to help treat the meningitis and then refampin can be used for prophylaxis for those that have a close contact With someone that has homophilus influenza If you found this material helpful for your studying, please like and consider subscribing to the channel Also share this video so that more people can benefit from it like you have