 नमस्ते दोस्तो, आप सभी का सुआगत है, I have again came with a very very important international affairs news which is related to the crisis which is evolving in Sudan. आप आप आचकल अकबारो में पल रहे होगे कि सुदान से अदेंस को अबारत की आजा जा जा रहा है, our entire government is in a way that all the Indians who are trapped in this crisis can be brought to India. तो आखिर ये क्रिसिस है क्या? ये क्रिसिस क्यो इमरज किया? आज ये क्रिसिस क्यो इतना जा जा जा जा दा बड़े गया? And what impact can India have with this whole crisis? तो इं सारे पहलुवो को आज हम लोग सोल्फ करेंगे, I will try to make this video short and very much intellectual so that you can understand the brief synopsis of the whole crisis. तो आप सब से पहला आप को जानना परेगा कि सुदान का जो लोकेशन है कहाई कहाई कहाई? So let us start with the Sudan crisis. तो सब से पहला आप को जानना परेगा कि सुदान का जो लोकेशन है कहाई कहाई कहाई? So Sudan is an African country which lies in the Horn of Africa region. तो जैनली इसको में लोग हो अप आप्रिका रीजन के अगन के लिए पही पे सुदान लाई करता है. Sudan has a strategic geographical and strategic importance. अगर अप आप इस मैप पे देखेंगे तो सुदान जो है वो आप का रेद सीसे कनेखटिड है। And here is your Gulf of Aden. और रेद सी से अगर आप उपर जाँगे तो आप का क्या आगा? So Sudan is a very important country. और अप इस सी लिए जब एक इंपोटन जोग्रफिका लोकेशन है। So this particular area is always prone to great power politics. अपको पता होगा चाँईना ले जीबूदी में अपना सबसे निया मिलिट्री पोट पनाया है पोस्ट पनाया है। So this area lies close to the Red Sea. और रेद सी का फिर सिए आप क्या है। And what is the significance of the Red Sea? और रेद सी से बहुत जाँगा त्रेद होता है। Because there is a lot of trade with the Red Sea. अपको पता है। You know that the entire Europe market from Switzerland और पुरा एश्या अप्रिका एदर भाला जो माखेत और साथ सथ वेस्ट आश्या। And the entire Africa market from here and West Asia. ये पुरा ए़्या आपका ट्रेट से कनेक्तिर रोता है। This entire area is connected to the Red Sea. अपको आपको जाँगा आपको जानना पड़ेगा। So you have to know the geographical importance of Sudan that it lies at a very important strategic location and hence it has always been grown to great power politics. और आजके क्रिसिस में भी कुछ हत्ता कम लोग देखेंगे किस तरीके से यहाँप युनाइटेट स्टेट, यहाँपे रश्या, आसे बड़े बड़े कन्त्रीज भी अपना अपना अपना स्टेख होल्डर बनाई रखी है. तो सुदान क्रिसिस में जाने के पहले, first of all, let us try to understand some basic information about Sudan. सुदान किके सुदान is the largest country in the Africa. उसका जो क्यापिटल हिसको में लोग क्हार्तूम कहते हैं. क्हार्तूम is the capital of the Sudan. सुदान is a Muslim-majority country. सुदान is a Muslim-majority country. और यहापे माच्सिम्म जो मुस्लिम्स हैं वो आपके सुनी मुस्लिम्स हैं. अपको बता है, मुस्लिम्स में 2 सक्तोतें क्ही तुस्टान क्ही और लिक सीया. इसको हमने आल्गी दिस्कस कर रहा है, अपने पुराने सेश्ट़््स में, नेशन स्टेट पहुत मुष्किल होता है किसी कुन्त्री के लिए बन्दा. आपको नेशन स्टेट है क्या? नेशन स्टेट is basically a geographical area under which a sovereign has all the control and the people are united on the basis of oneness, on the basis of unity. तो नेशन स्टेट बनाना एक बहुत मुष्किल काम है. शे conduction तिया धिने किसा लिए से लिए. योंइन स्टीट भी नानी कोन सेज्फत किती है, जूग मुपश क responsive being it theRET看看. अवर यह देंऻा जीन्न इनCHुअर्ँन, इक नेशन स्टेट की तरा बना, आज एक सो चालिस करोड की आबादी हैं, और इतने दिफ्रन कल्चर हैं, और उन सब चीजो के भाभजुद, आज बन पीपल from state like UP can connect with the state or people living in a state of Kerala, those two people have never met with them, but still they are able to connect. अगर केला में बार हाता है, तो people give the money from state like Bihar. एक सी बी से सvikा डूरक सादीं ऑाज दूर काओ औह सि ळहा सु आपको दों दूर जाना, अभगानिस् слуш पीछं ऎ� soft it is of Afghanistan. खुदणिस्दान आपकानिस्टान is a failed example of nation state. अपनी अप्रिका में यह से बहुत सारे कन्ठी आपी ऎपी नेशन टेट कितरा पनके नहीं आपा रहे अपस मिललर रहे एक जोट्ता नहीं हैं लड़ाई छल रहीं हैं अपताई सं्दान is also one of the examples of the failed nation state. सुदान हैसीन मेनी अदग कु than any other african nation तो बहुत ज़दा मिल्ट्री कु देखने को मिलता है आपको सुदान में आपकी आपकी आपकी देखने किस तरीके से यहे है सुदान का जो आज का क्रिसिस है, उसका हिस्टरीकल पस्पक्तिफ से हम लिए निए कि काहा सी पूरा चीज शाट हुआ था और आज इसका करटिन स्थेट क्या है, तो एसको समझने के पहले स्प्षे पहले आपको परदा आपको सुदान एक कुन्प्री आकेलिए आपको उसके बाड आपको सुदान हो गया, और नीषे का जो ईगया वो सुदान बन गया तो उसके पहले, श्प्षे के पहले, तो 1956 तक सुदान एक ब्रिटिष्च के काँनली ती और 1956 में सुदान ब्रिटिष्चर से अप इंटीपंट्टोगे हो गया अप आपका सुदान जो है इंटीपंट्टोगा, उस समें सबसे पहला, अप सुदानी स्विलवोर्ग, आज की सुदान है, आज तो सुदान है, और नीचे सुदान है, अप सुदानी स्विलवोर्ग, और इसी के लवाए के बीच में, जो उस समें के कोलोनल तें, गफार निमरी, कोलोनल गफार निमरी ने इस मोके का फ़दा उठाके, उस समें का जो पूल्टिकल सेटब ता, अर वो दिस्ट्ट्ट की आ, एक कू की आ, और कू करने की बज़े अपने आप्ट में आब आर बाहर में आब आऴ, और जैसे ये पावर में आए भाहे सा, इनो ने पारल्टिमेंट और पुल्टिकल पाटीस को कमप्लीट टी एबफॉलडिष करती एप, आप आब नीं बाहर में आब, एक नाशल जाँए लिए बाफ वम्प्लीट करतागा, और आप नीं पावर में टी मीट की अपने ईप, उजारा बिदीए, बास of the Sudanesh government which was dominated by the Muslims. matte in the last election by the Muslims. SPLA is the army of the Republic of South Sudan, that is the Christian Living Population अघीस्टि की बज़े 2011 में Sudansh is where Sudansh sprit comes from, यह तो यह तो ब्वचीं को की लगे सौदान, थो आप को आप ज़ाए चल़्ाए थो � egg-11 लोग है, मुस्टल्मुस्लिमुस्लिम को आप ज़ो लगए सुदान. देखे, ये लिए द्रीद द्याक तो लग़ोंगे तूदनी 2011. आब अब एक लिए लिए द्याक तूदनी शुदनी सिविल बार में नहीं देखाते कोलोनल गिप गद नीमरी पावर में नहीं आप आप यान दीखे लिए तो अब प्रशीद ती की तुदनी ये तुदनी सिव आई से लेके 2019 तक लग भक 30 साल ये साशन करते हैं और ये साशन के समया आप देख सकते हो सीक्रिट पूलिस रिप्रेशन अप आप आपसेशन, कोरउप्षन, दिक्तेटःश्यप अख़ोटिक्तेरीनिजम, अरेंगर भी आपसेशन आप समया आप आप ये समव अद्गा, ये समवद में आना आप आप हैगा, पूल्णल अमर आल, बशीच श्यक्रिट सुदनेज् सबल़ वार्द बासीच आई आप आप हैगा, साईा आप रहांक आब आप आप अब अग़्ाते है। assure me, now yes, it's smart enough, isn't it? So coconut over al mashee comes to power in the military coup, so first sudhanese war is clear, second sudhanese war is clear, now we will come right away so look at this historical perspective. If you do not understand that, you cannot relate to it, so you have to be a little bit patient about studying, so study has no shortcuts, you cannot study only by अगरसे द़कर हैं, from that, and that you have to have that structural conceptual clarity. अगरसे तने बल सब छबादिक सऔडान को बन जाड़ोग तो लग रगन孩, you have to have that structural clarity. अगरसे तने उआली मच्चाम देखादष्वेए को आगम देखादष्वेडि के। At the only the marks, and your career development, उसके बात लिक आते है कुए लिक पोई कर्वार्टन। इसस्थ जीज अन फ़रेंगे गद आद जीज अन प्सद्ठेवाद ने कुई भी अख्झादों। उसके बात लिक आद दे खादे ये कुई लिक बात हैं गगे लिए गर वोगाद, तो वोगाद कर्वाद। इसके बाद एक आते, यह और दिख अड़हाते कि. इस सब चीज जो परेशे अगा देखी आता आता. इसहाँ तभी अग़े और चाहुट। उसके आते एक आते एक अगे पहने आता हो. इस सब चीज जो भाग ने अग़े जाएगी की. of things I Do know. So, it was all the 1st Sudhanese War. 2nd Sudhanese War. When there was a war at the 2nd Sudhanese War there was a war at the 2nd Sudhanese War. Darfur region was going on in the Darfur region. Now, the Darfur region, where is it? Look this Sudan, you know the western portion is Darfur. And do you know who lives in this Darfur region. This Darfur region, the ethnic people, the local people, the indigonist people, जुब नुँट आब पोपिलेशन है ब्चसारे अ़ाभ पोपिलेशन है आब बिक इनक लगवेच है टीप को सब को अब अ़रभ लीक ती आब को से आब पतागगे है आब लीक तो दी्त स॑ान को धें बाल भार मैंवोर अदाब लीक थी साडे अबबिक लोग है बीजेा के अदरे मुलचान है पचोंछritis है number 8 सiding को और उऄजनेph। और नीक और पहना यहां के लोकल आदब मिलिश्यास को लेएप किया लोकल आदब पोपिलेशन्स को गन दिया के आप जाके दार्फुर रीजन में चो वहां से लोग हम पे लिटालिएट कर रहें आप उनको रोकें और यही से आपका एमरजन्स होता है जानजावीद का जानजावीद तो देखो, आपनिक आप्रिकन लेबल्स रीवोल्टेड अगेंज अप प्रस्टेट एमर अल्बशीजद आरभ दोमिनेटग गवोमन्ट जो तो दिस रिगार्ट फो देबस्टन रीजन और तो तो लोकल आप पोपिलेशिट तो यह सेखें सुदनेज सिविलबोर के पारलिली यह भी चल रहा है और इसी लिए क्या किया किया, औमर आल्बशीजद लोकल आप पोपिलेशिन है उनको गन्स दिया, वेपन्स दिया सो दाड देखुट सप्प्रस्टिस रीवोल्ट आप्रिकन लेबल्स और आप दिस ख़्ट्ट्ख्स तो लेद तो जान्जा बीड वो तागेट देखुट नावड़ाईप देखुट सप्प्रटिए देखुट जान्जावीट कोंस्छटी यह ता कि जो दार्फूल रीजन में जो लोक रेटालिएट करे लोग लेड अभी तो लगते नहीं ज़ान्जावीट कर लेटा लेड़़ोन्जावीचा रहान भय फूल, अन शहा eyeballs आप कि सब देखृत औरन हो। और अज के ख़ौड जो अभी क्रिशाच चल दा एक वद्देख कोंस्ठीं नहीं ती आपको समथ मैं आची औरस्व का इमर्जन्स कहाँ से हुए तु औरस्व पहले जन्जावीद ता और जन्जावीग को किस्टे बनाया तो औमरल भशीर ने काम क्या ता की जो दार्फूर लीजन सो यो एतनिक नार आदा पोपिलेशिन आब लोगो को अगर नादा बाशीर ने लोकल आदाब मिलिष्याक गुओर्ब बनाया विगा और एडर्फूर नीजन क्यो वोहाँ की अई अगर अगर ने सबच़्िया जाजावों तो औरस्व का पहले काम वो था लेकी ना बिल पर दिन औरस्व का काम बरते कहाँ RSF as an organization was later made as a paramilitary group अपको पता इंदय मैंजे से पाभारा मिलिठ्ट्री भी आज़ों क्या अद एक तेबतें बोडर पूलिस आटी भी पी होगया इस भागा क्या आप आप आब मिलिठ्टरी गॉभ से तु वैसी RSF also started to.. और was made as a border guards उसका बदर गर्द पूलिस दशन्जा बीट है। जन्जा बीट मिलिष्या दिन पर दिन मिलिष्या को जंजा बीट को अपभगा ने क्या एक भगा है जनजा बीट को डर्फूट कम बनागे एक 2013 । तो जो बज़ो थी झो हैwide, और बज़्ो भी वो आप णच्चग रथ, प्र आप चाननाँ फ्डकतारी चान दी, शीतusting at that time, RSF is paramilitary group, because RSF is a paramilitary group and then you have the sudanese army which is Omar al-Bashir these two together RSF and sudanese army like Indian army and BSF they are trying to ensure that you don't have democracy because otherwise they will get out of the power so that's why they are both combinedly but trying to ensure that sudanese army will have a non-democratic system so till now they too had understood today the fight is from here because both of them were ensuring that there will be no democracy no political party, we have come together so both of them are always together if the army comes together then RSF will support them but today RSF has made itself a very big organization because RSF has a lot of money because RSF has a lot of control over the gold mines in sudan and by exporting the gold it is earning a lot of money because of which RSF's capability and leadership got to see a new confidence and then now the RSF also wanted to become an important stakeholder in the process of governance in sudan and they didn't understand this military so now the military, army and RSF this is the fight of both of them so today's crisis is the fight of both of them so both of them have finished the democracy together they have ensured that no democratic government has come no political party has come, no parliament has come but today both of them are fighting in which way the power of both of us is the distribution of power because RSF is not ready to bow down RSF is saying that we have become an important organization now you cannot consider me as a junior partner so today the fight is of this kind so this is the Darfur region now the origin of current tension current tension of today's current tension which you are reading on the news is the origin this is your background now what happened in 2019 in 1989 the president, military leader in the power of Bashir in 2019 the army the president Bashir he removed it from power so the army did not take a single army and again screwed it so the army came to the president Bashir after months of protests against his troops and who helped him in this again RSF so till now there is no problem RSF and the army had a good relationship so what happened between 2019 and 2021 when Bashir went from power in 2019 there was a lot of democracy protests where there were many people in Sudan who were asking for democracy so one was civilians who wanted democracy one was rapid security force and one was Sudan's army so in between 2019 and 2021 it was understood that one side will be civilian government and one side will be military government so civil military leadership was established power distribution was done in between and it was said in 2019 that for 2 years it was used in transition mechanism and in 2021 we will do an election democratic election and through that election your democracy will come in Sudan so in between 2019 and 2021 joint military civilian council was running Sudan but in 2021 when it was time to bring democracy now we have to have an election so what happened suddenly again coup came again came a coup okay so now look here now you have to understand Sudan has been run by army with coup leader so when it happened in 2021 the joint civilian military council which we talked about the joint civilian military council and who was in power Abdel Fattah Burhan so Burhan Sahab again was a army leader and he had come in power and on the other side one of the important leaders of your RSF was Dagalo whose full name was Muhammad Hamdan Hamdeti Dagalo and in between today's war Burhan versus Dagalo so in 2021 the joint civilian military council after that who was in power Abdel Fattah Burhan and on the other side who was in power RSF that is known as Dagalo so now what happened first the army was very strong we saw a coup in 1989 a coup in 1956 a coup again but what was the difference in this coup that now people are retaliating because people were tired of this army's rule economy crisis was not employment food crisis so RSF felt that the army is weak there is a lot of protest against the army now the army is not in the hegemony so RSF himself awakened his aspirations that now I can ask for better concessions from the army that boss we have supported you now you are also facing a crisis you are facing the retaliation of the people so please give us more power so that we can again support you if the other side is weak then the other side is weak so the army came but today he did not have the power there was a lot of retaliation against him and here RSF took advantage and RSF said now we want better role in this whole process of governance so this time the coup put army back in the charge army came but now the army started to face weekly protest isolation and economy crisis and in this context Dagalo started to come into action Dagalo is from RSF Hemdeti has a huge belt Hemdeti means Dagalo that is the leader of RSF this person has a huge belt derived from the export of gold from the illegal mines we have seen gold reserves in Sudan and on all these things you are getting a lot of control of RSF and from there the importance of RSF has increased so this is the turning point 2021 so I am telling you again in 2019 Bashir had gone 2021 joint military civilian council and he said that after 2 years there will be an election after 2 years but when there will be an election again the army did the coup and Burhan sir came in power but the coup at this time was different as compared to previous coup now Dagalo was the important stakeholder and now this is the fight between Dagalo and Burhan Dagalo is asking for 50% power and why will Burhan give power Burhan is a military leader so the fight is between them he is saying that we have army veterans we have so much money and they are also not going to bug down and they are already strong so these are the two Mahanubhav who are fighting on the left we have Dagalo and on the right we have Burhan and these are the two who are fighting so what is the current tension current tension is basically elevated Hamleti's position into Burhan's equal because RSF thought that now time has come now we should not act as a junior partner to the Sudan army rather we should act as an equal stakeholder and this was not able to be digested by the Sudanese army because traditionally they have huge amount of power and because of this now they have started to fight among each other so on one side is Dagalo and on the other side is Burhan Burhan is the leader of the army and Dagalo is the leader of RSF Dagalo has to say that now you are also in problem so now we should act as an equal not as a junior partner to you so this is our current crisis in Sudan you can see the whole place is in crisis and now 185 people but 300 people as of now has been killed in this whole incident and the biggest problem is if there is any problem in the Red Sea area then the trade from the Swiss canal can be stopped and already the whole area is in stable region you have Egypt, Ethiopia, Chad there are many refugees here so again that is why this crisis has started to evolve and what will be the future that has to be seen because this crisis can again grow in a multi-dimensional manner Geopolitics are at play again Russia and Egypt who supports Sudan's military so look at Russia the powers fear the potential for Russian base on the Red Sea with Sudanese military leaders have expressed openness to Sudan's military has said that if Russia wants to open a base on the Red Sea which is a very important location similarly Egypt is also supporting and on the other hand Saudis and UAE they have been skeptical of the argument because you told me in Ghaffar Nimri Chappawar they have brought Islamic Sharia law so Saudi and UAE again in this area there is Islamic radicalization because they know that if these things are on the basis of Islam then internal instability will occur and Saudi and UAE are trying to emerge as a big power you know Saudi and UAE how the geopolitics are going in that area so Saudi and UAE does not want the growing Islamic influence in this particular region so this is also the geopolitics that is going on here how to end the war so first of all power sharing agreement between army and RSF power sharing agreement second civilian demand for oversight of the military so civilians are always demanding that there should be some checks and balances RSF which is a non military organization how to integrate it into the military but again that is a very impossible thing because how will Nagalo give his entire unit under the control of military then handover of the lucrative military holdings you know wherever the military is strong they have a lot of money so civilians say that the military holdings in agriculture, trade and other industries should end because by that they are getting more and more money and because of that they are getting more and more power so military control should end United Nations Security Council should act collectively because it is the same work to ensure security world peace so in this way this war can be stopped but again these are very idealistic solutions nothing like this will happen only you know something my luck if happens it happens but this again crisis is a very complex crisis now India-Sudhan although it is not important but you should know a little bit about India-Sudhan relations it is a very historical relation again NELOTIC and Indus Valley Civilization and the first SUDHAN was a parliamentary election in 1953 India's election commission conducted the first SUDHAN was conducted by Kumar Sen India's chief election commission because SUDHAN was a new country and this is India's soft power this is what only India can give China cannot give China can give money but democracy, human rights, secularism, religious tolerance all these are the core assets of what India is all about free and fair elections parliamentary democracy so this was the expression of India's soft power then diplomatic representation in 1955 and you also know that it was a very important symbolic measure in 1959 there was a Bandung conference non-alignment movement a very important conference and there was a SUDHAN independent tour that still SUDHAN was a British colony but SUDHAN's representatives came to Bandung conference but SUDHAN didn't have a flag so what Nehru did he took out his handkerchief and wrote SUDHAN in it and said this is what you deserve you are soon going to be an independent nation who has complete sovereignty of its own so at the 1955 Bandung conference the legations from a still not independent SUDHAN did not have a flag he had his own flag taking out his handkerchief Nehru wrote SUDHAN on it reserving a place for SUDHAN in the international that's what the Statute that's what the Calibur that's what the charismatic leadership which Nehru had and that's why the world supported the idea of Nehru trade relations India is the third largest exporting nation to SUDHAN we sell petroleum products manufacturing goods, machinery pharmaceuticals, textiles bilateral trade 327 million 1660 million dollars India is also trying to go with international trade in rupees with SUDHAN our diaspora is also a diaspora which is stuck in SUDHAN so they are also trying to take it out this is all about this is a big news many of the indians unspecified amount has been standard in this whole particular crisis and indian government is trying to get those people evacuated now let's see how it will be do we hope for the best that these people are being evacuated about SUDHAN that's not a very important thing but something you have to know because if it's happening in the world at any corner you should be aware about it and I will be sharing this pdf you can 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