 The study examined the effects of a rubber sand mixture as an isolation layer in tunnels located near active fault lines. The rubber sand mixture reduced the acceleration and permanent strain of the tunnel lining during both small normal fault creep slip and subsequent seismic shaking. The mitigation effect of the isolation layer was dependent on its length and rubber content. This article was authored by Xu Kuan Peng, Yong Zhang Lu, Ling Fan and others.