 We move on to, let's say, education systems around the world, a comparative view. Its education system is something in one country, something in the other, something in the third. So, how do we look at these systems or how do we compare these systems with each other and what is going to be the future of these different systems. So, as part of the introduction, we see that there is an important question and the question is education for what? If we are looking at the education system of any country, then this is an important question. What does the education system of this country want to do? There are many questions that we need to answer. These questions are important for every system. So, it means that is the country trying to provide basic skills for survival? Okay. Is the country trying to provide skills for the survival? Survival of the, let's say, individuals, survival of the human beings? Or is this a system or is this country, this country's system that we are talking about, is it trying to educate citizens for needs in their daily lives such as subsystem forming? Is it preparing the most competent students to leave the village for further education? This is about the talents. What system is encouraging them? There are many ways to encourage them. Scholarship is one important, I think, means for hunting the talent. Does it provide students with skills needed in the country? Okay. This is not about the localities, rather it is about the overall country. In fact, after the country, we see that we also see this on a global level. So, it means, is the country trying to provide one education for labourers and another for elites and leaders? Here comes the point that what is the education of rich people, what is the education of wealthy people and what is the education of others? So, what are the facilities of the education of elites? And what are the facilities for poor people? So, here comes the next point. Does it give all citizens an equal chance for educational advancement or compete in a changing world? All citizens, equal chance. Now, here we see that all citizens are talking about, we see that there can be a variety. Most of the time, when we talk about demographic, we talk about men and women, then we talk about the area of ethnicity. Then, if there are different races in the country, then we talk about the race. So, we talk about discrimination or equality. So, what is the system of education? So, country leaders struggle with these and many other questions about the purpose of education. And with this, there comes another point. In front of any leaders because they are the, let us say, rulers of the country, they are the politicians who are responsible for running the country and education is one of the systems which has to be run by the government. So, we also see that, we see that our budget is allocated for education. How much of the total budget is being given or how much of GDP is being given to our education. Because education is one important sector which helps in the development of the nation and the country. So, we see that economic competition between nations has put pressure on all nations to organize education systems in similar ways. If there is an economic competition between nations, then one of the important means is what is the quality of education of the people of the country. How educated are they and what is their quality? And that education, how much is it saleable, is it locally saleable, is it nationally saleable or is it globally saleable? So, I think these are important things. It has led to the universality of schooling and similarities between, let us say, systems of education. Now, there is no country in isolation. There is a global village. So, the educated people of one country with certain degrees, they can get jobs in other countries as well. And it can be done anytime, when there is similarity in their systems. Now, there are many things in similarity. It can be about curriculum, training, or skills. So, the worldwide trends in education include, Now, this is a very long list, which I would like to just read. And what is coming in it, increased enrollment at all levels, especially in primary schooling. This is a trend. Where compulsory education is, definitely it will lead to that. The establishment of national education mysteries. This is what we see everywhere. Then there is free and compulsory education. Laws have been made that everybody has to be educated. And then there is the need to increase state funds for education. Educational opportunity for all, including men and women as well as minorities. Schools serving as both socializing agents for the nation and talent sorting systems for businesses and governments. Now, the socialization agent is at its own place. But we also put our children on different tracks. We take them to different professions. Each country brings its own unique culture into education. Some nations or groups within nations actively resist adopting western models. In the national level, let's say, there can be opposition, but within the country too. One group prefers western knowledge, the other may not be. So, that is there. Global pressure for certain educational content. Worldwide system that encourages uniformity of schools and school curricula. We see that there is a movement of educated people from one country to another. Comparative researchers have developed international assessment tests to compare the skill levels of students in countries that participate in the testing. So, we see that education systems use test results to assess their performance in relation to other countries and to inform educational policy and planning. On the basis of this test, we identify factors that make some nations more successful on comparative tests than others. The standard of education is a powerful predictor for the wealth that countries will produce in the global economic system.