 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education. I am Dr. Rajmissing, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, S.S. Khanna Girls Degree College, University of Allahabad. And nowadays, I am discussing primary education in India and various strategies of government as well as NGOs for achieving UEE. That is, Universalization of Elementary Education. In this discussion, I am going to discuss today a very important topic that is S.S.A. Sarva Shiksha Bhiyaan. We have heard a lot about Sarva Shiksha Bhiyaan but few of us know how big this program is. It is very big, it has a lot of components, it has a lot of things to do, and it has a lot of role in increasing literacy in India. So, let us know about it. Today, since it is a very big topic, I have divided this into two parts. First, we will study only background, objectives, and characteristics. And in the next video, we will study its strategies and programs. So, obviously this lecture will be useful to you and do subscribe my daily ground group and my YouTube channel too. Okay. Then, so let us start. Background. From where it has started, we have taken so much knowledge about primary education in the past few days that we have understood that we have to achieve Universalization of Elementary Education. For this, the government has done a lot of efforts. We have read a lot about diet, how much diet we have to do. Now, we are going to study Sarva Shiksha Bhiyaan. So, what is this? Sarva Shiksha Bhiyaan. It is the name of the lesson for everyone. It is a comprehensive and integrated fact-ship program of Government of India to attain UEE, covering the entire country in mission mode. I mean, as a mission, we have to cover the entire country to attain UEE. And this is the flagship program of the government of India. It is comprehensive and very successful. It has been launched in 2001-2002. It has been written from 2000-2001. It has been written from 2001-2002. But let us assume that it has been launched in 2001. So, 2001 is common in both. In partnerships with the state governments and local self-government. So, it has been launched by the government of India. But with the help of the state government, with the help of the local self-government, the program aims to provide useful and relevant. See, we do not have to give free and compulsory education. We have to give useful education, give relevant education to all children in the 6-14 age group by 2010. See, we have reached in 2013. But we have to keep this in mind knowing when it will be launched in 2001. So, it was believed that in the next 9 years, we will give elementary education to all children up to 6-14 years. As a holistic and convergent approach, SSA covers all the states and districts of our country. We have the main attempt is to provide an opportunity to all the children in the age group of 6-14 irrespective of caste, creed, sex and religion by 2010. It is almost the same thing that it is a holistic approach, convergent approach. SSA covers all the states and districts of our country. SSA will teach all the children up to 14 years old. There will be no discrimination in caste, creed, sex and religion. And for improving their capabilities, through the provision of community-owned quality education. See, there are some things that are particularly visible from the diet. There is a lot of emphasis on quality education. Community-owned, community-owned. When it is said that community participation, because without the local context, without the local resources, it can never be achieved. Only the center, sitting from far away, and focusing on the various aspects of the country, doesn't keep them in mind. There is a limit. That is why it is important that we learn the participation of the community. Then, what is the motto of SSA? The basic motto of SSA is to reduce drop-out. We will not be able to reduce the progress of the tradition of Shala Tiyag. Capture all the students of the target group with the aim of providing improved scholastic and co-scholastic environment. That is, there is a school around the school. The co-scholastic co-curricular that runs around the school is also improving it. And all the children who are our target group have no one to leave us. SSA also aims at putting the umbrella for children for turning them into respectable citizens. Capable of constructive contribution towards a better society in the field of science, technology, literature, administration, and so on. See, there are so many aspects of the country. Not just that you do not have to leave them. We have to make them a respectable citizen so that they can do yoga, can do constructive contribution towards a better society. Whether it is in the field of science, in the field of technology, in the field of health, in the field of administration, in any field. That is to say, teach them well. It is not just about making them a co-scholastic society. It has also some efforts to decentralize the whole process of curriculum development from the grass root level to the district and the state level. That is to say, we decentralize the curriculum development. They say that if we are celebrating a party, then include the speciality of that place. So, the child will feel himself and he will be able to do some employment if he teaches localities there. So, from the grass root level to the district level to the state level, it talks about the decentralization of the curriculum. Then, there is also another goal. Look, this is a very special thing with SSA. That it also works to divide the social, regional and gender gap. Or its purpose is that you must have seen that whenever we take out the data of literacy, we see that there are so many male and so many literate and so many female literate. And this gap is very high somewhere. And the social gap, the regional gap and the gender gap. So, he said that this was also a motto that we should divide this gender gap. That is, we should be able to divide all the male and female literate. With the active participation of the community management of the school and in the educational environment, we should be able to communicate with the community of the community that we should be able to communicate. Then there are objectives. We had taken these objectives. You know that we could not achieve it. But if we talk about the objectives of SSA, then you should know what the objective was. All children in school, education, guarantee, center, alternative school back to school camp by 2023. They are saying that we are taking 20 days to 20 days to 20 days until the education guarantee center or bring it to school or bring it to alternative school back to school. In any way, we brought it to school. This was what was thought by 2013. All children complete 5 years of primary schooling by 2007. They are saying that you should believe that in 2001, when the launch was operational in 2002, they said that in 2002, in 2007, we will give primary schooling to everyone and in 2002, in 2008, in 2010, we will give elementary schooling to everyone. Focus on elementary education of satisfactory quality with emphasis on education for life. Education for happiness is the concept of education for life. It is the concept of life skill that will emphasize the elementary education of satisfactory quality and all gender and social categories will bridge the gap to the primary and elementary level by 2010. Because we said that we will not only bridge the gap to the primary school but also to the elementary school in 2010. And universal retention is also 20 days. They believed that after 2010, there should be no drop-out. These were their objectives and they said that objectives will be improved. What will be improved? Infrastructure will be improved, human resources will be improved and quality will be improved. How will the infrastructure be improved? Open new schools in habitations which do not have schooling facilities. The places where there is no education will be opened by new schools. Strength and existing school infrastructure through provision of additional classrooms toilets, drinking water. We have seen studies and researches that girls often drop out because sanitation facility is not there, toilet facility is not there. That is why it is getting bigger. They said that schools will not be opened by new schools and where there is infrastructure will be improved. They said that toilets, drinking water facilities will be improved. How will the human resources be improved? Provision of additional teachers. There are fewer teachers. We will give them training capacity of existing teachers by training, developing, TLM, etc. We will give them training from the beginning. The training of the academic support structure at cluster, block and district level. We will improve the academic support structure on the block and how will the quality be improved? Provision of quality elementary education including life skills. We will tell you about D1 Kaushal in elementary education. We will focus on girls' education and children with special needs. When we were talking about inclusive education, what did we talk about? When EFA came in 2000, that is the time when education for all is being discussed. There is emphasis on EFA. What does EFA say? You will not leave any child. You will not exclude the child. Children with special needs also take into consideration. The time of 2000 is coming. Technology is coming. We will provide computer education so that digital divide can be shared. This is the objective. What are the characteristics? SSA adopts the bottom-up process of planning where in the felt needs of the served communities and educational needs of learners are taken care of and the plan fits into the broad framework of this. SSA will go up from the bottom-up and look at the local and cluster level, block level, district, state and central. SSA has emphasized the involvement of local people and stakeholders in planning. This also ensures reflection of the program. The goal of the program is to keep the students in mind. If we keep the students in mind, then they will be affected. For the first time, SSA is attempting to translate commitments into a program of UEE which provides for greater democratic participation in community involvement, decentralized planning and management with a view to the specific requirements and needs of disadvantaged regions, rural groups, girls and the children in difficult circumstances. The children who are in difficult situations and are in social groups and are behind social groups take care of the specific needs and requirements while decentralizing planning and management. They seek community involvement and, what do you call it, listen to the people, the community, this is an umbrella program of SSA. So, you should not doubt how important decentralization is. How important community participation is. How important local needs and specificity is. And the characteristic of SSA is that it bridges the social, reasonable and gender gap. Okay. And, what are the other characteristics of SSA? The SSA is a telecommunication program with a clear timeframe that will be held by 2007, by 2010, by 2020, by 2020, by 2020. A response to the demand for quality basic education all over the country. We were asking for quality basic education and this is the answer to that. An opportunity for promoting social justice to basic education. This was given to the country by the government, to promote social justice. And, an effort at effectively involving a type of effort, which we can involve in the development of the country. Who can be involved, school management committee, village education committee, parent-teacher association, tribal-autonomous council and other grassroots structures can be involved in elementary school management. An expression of political will for universal elementary education across the country. It is a political expression that the government wants to achieve universal elementary education throughout the country. And, this is a very good example of the partnership of central, state and local government. An opportunity for states to develop their own vision of elementary education. This was an opportunity for states to make their own vision of education to be achieved. How can it be improved? Okay? So, at the end of the concluding, we can say that on one hand SSA is a program with its own targets, norms and processes. And on the other, it is an umbrella program covering other programs like DPEP, district primary education program, local, international operation and so on. To achieve UEE, all the programs are based on SSA. It is an attempt to cover all the districts in the country unlike the earlier programs on elementary education. Before this, there was a program on elementary education. It was district-wise. There was nothing like that. But it covers all the districts in the country. The program covers the whole gamut of elementary education sector and is flexible enough to incorporate new interventions like specific interventions for girls. NPEGEL, Kasturba Gandhi program is like this. And from the year 20, they are saying that this is a program that was so small that any new intervention can be included in it and it reduces the gender gap. So, it is very difficult to teach girls. So, all these Kasturba Gandhi programs that run for girls and for the girls from the community, they are all included in it. And from 2010 and 11, why 2010 and 11? Especially because in 2009, RTE Act was coming up. From 2010, it was being implemented. So, when RTE Act was coming up, SSA was re-emphasized, re-invented, re-organized. What else should be improved so that we can implement RTE Act. So, it is implemented with the provisions of the RTE Act 2009. So, from 2010 and 11, it is running with the provisions of the RTE Act. All the union territories and states except Jamukashree. The framework for implementation of SSA has accordingly been amended in September 2010. We are lining it with the provisions of the RTE Act 2009. So, after 2009, from September 2010, it changed its framework. SSA is now the primary, vehicle and designated part of the RTE Act 2009. So, you can say that RTE Act 2009, when it was implemented in 2009 in 2010, it is now working in the alignment of how you can achieve UEE. How you can reach elementary education. Okay. End of slide. No problem. Last one. It's okay. I have completed the basic basic characteristics, background and objectives of Sarvashik Shabyan and I think that you have now become familiar with this term. So, I have completed this one. Thank you very much for all of you and I have completed the very basic topic of Sarvashik Shabyan. Do subscribe my channel and join my Telegram group too. Okay. I have done it from my side.