 Howdy! My name is Nonoibandilio. I go by my name Nonoibandilio and I'm the new Pulse Craps viewer at MDSU. In the US the two major regions for Pulse Craps productions are the Northern Plains region of North Dakota and Montana and the Palouse region of Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho. In 2018 North Dakota was first for dry pea production, second for lentil and third or fourth for chickpea production. Pulse Craps are becoming more and more important particularly in the growing plant-based protein market. Have you heard about behind meat burger? Have you guys tasted it? This is a plant-based body and its major ingredient is the pea protein. So in each burger it comes with 20 grams of pea protein. So this product has a current market value approximately nine billion dollars. So this is certainly a growing industry. So this behind meat burger is now available in Costco. You should try it if you haven't tasted it yet and see how it compares with the meat-based burger. Another product that is gaining traction in the market is the non-dairy milk called riptin. Again the exciting part of this is is that the pea protein is a major ingredient. So these exciting opportunities have sparked a renewed interest to develop new dry pea coffee bars with improved trade packages and that will help to position the pulse industry to expand the current production level and meet expectation of the ever-growing plant-based protein market. Pulse production in North Dakota and Montana has grown substantially in the past years. However almost all pulse coffee bars being grown in North Dakota and nearby states have been developed by private companies or public breeding programs outside North Dakota or even outside the US. So given the economic value of pulse crops in the region and the potential for expansion of the industry provided the impetus to establish the NTSU pulse breeding program. So this year two new pulse coffee bars from the program got the proper release by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. These coffee bars were selected specifically for adaptation to North Dakota growing condition and what we are excited about is these two coffee bars are also doing well in nearby states such as in Montana. All right so I like to talk about the product profile of our pulse coffee bar we call it ND-DON and this is yellow pea and this is the pulse yellow pea coffee bar from the program. So it has high yield potential not just in North Dakota but also in Montana. It matures in approximately 95 days which is perfect for North Dakota growing conditions and yellow pea is highly is highly being valued now because of its protein content. So the value of ND-DON's protein content is 24% which is competitive in the current market and making it a good choice for producers looking to get a premium price for high protein pea and ND-DON has higher percentage of large seeds when you compared it with the predominant variety aggies. And so other agronomic characteristic is it is resistant to lodging and it is semi-dwarp and it has semi-lipless characteristic which make it better than than coffee bars with lippy traits. In North Dakota so what we found is the seed yield of ND-DON is similar with the commercial variety aggies. However in Montana we found some yielded bandage of ND-DON over aggies where it had almost a 7% yielded bandage over aggies. So I think this is a good news. We also evaluated ND-DON for disease susceptibility. So when I moved into the program in 2019 so we evaluated ND-DON along with the commercial variety aggies to Bussarium rudra. The trial was inoculated with multiple Bussarium species which were all pathogenic to peas. This experiment was performed at Carrington Research Experiment Station in collaboration with Dr. Michael Bunch. And our conclusion is that ND-DON in aggies exhibited similar response to Bussarium rudra. In the same year we also evaluated ND-DON for Ascocytoblite. So as you can see in this table this this this table was based on an experiment under high Ascocytoblite pressure. You can see that ND-DON developed a more severe polar symptoms than aggies. Those seed yield between ND-DON aggies are similar or you would say not significantly different. Though there were limited incidents of Ascocytoblite in Pilipi in North Dakota in the past years, we are currently working with extension faculty in plant sciences and plant pathology to to have information available for growers on management of Ascocytoblite in Pilipi. The second cultivar that I like to talk about is ND-CROWN. ND-CROWN is the the first Kabule chickpea cultivar from the program and this was selected specifically for adaptation to North Dakota conditions but it seems to be adapted well in the state of Montana. So the product profile of ND-CROWN indicates that it has high yield potential in both North Dakota and Montana. It matures in approximately about 98 days and one of the selling characteristic of ND-CROWN is its large seeds. So what we found is ND-CROWN had greater percentage of large seeds and higher 1000 seed weight than the predominant variety CDC frontier. So in the current market for chickpeas the premium price increases as the seed size increases. Chickpea production is adversely affected by Ascocytoblite, a fungal disease. To date a smaller number of acreages of chickpea production in North Dakota and even in Montana is associated with limited genetic resistance to Ascocytoblite. So consequently different developing cultivars with improved genetic resistance to Ascocytoblite has become an important breeding objective in the US chickpea breeding programs. So the good news is ND-CROWN is moderately resistant to Ascocytoblite. So looking on this table you can see that under moderate pressure of Ascocytoblite as observed in 2018 Williston experiment ND-CROWN has lower disease severity than Sierra but perform almost similarly with Frontier and Orion. And what we are excited about is that under high disease pressure we found that ND-CROWN displayed significantly lower severity to Ascocytoblite than CDC Frontier, CDC Orion and Sierra. So if you note on this experiment you could see that Sierra had 96 to 100% severity in 2017 and 2019 Carrington experiments indicating the presence of a high disease pressure during the experiment. We are excited about the future of post crops so moving forward our approach is truthful. First the way we do breeding is based on the need of our stakeholders and when I say stakeholders that includes farmers, growers and process horse and and use consumers and all the people involved in the market knowledge chain. One of our goals is to shorten the breeding process from 10 years to 7 to 8 years and so to do that we leverage a combination of new technology for breeding. We evaluate speed breeding that permits breeders who turn over generations and reduce the length of the breeding cycle with test genomic selections that allow predictions of new breeding lines using only the genomic information and we also explore the utility of unmanned aerial vehicles for disease resistance screening so we know which ones are best for use which ones are best to use for selection. Finally I would like to acknowledge the support provided by the Northern Pulse Grover Association. Their support is critical to the success of the program and we really value we really value continue working closely with our stakeholders.