 This study examines the determinants of hepatitis B, HB, vaccine uptake and its inequality according to socio-economic status in rural areas of China, finding that rich had a greater tendency to vaccinate and inequality-favouring the rich was almost equal for the complete three doses. The main barriers for the poor to take HB vaccine by adults in rural China were income status and HB awareness. This article was authored by Duwei Xu, and Aikua, Jian Wang, and others.