 Good morning everyone and welcome to class before we continue looking at how we can effectively minister to children by looking at their learning styles catering to their learning styles ministering to them teaching to them preparing activities based on their learning styles will begin with the word of prayer so can one of you please lead us in prayer please anyone Shall I pray ma'am? Yes, thank you Stavri. Father God Almighty we are so very thankful to you for a new day Father we are thankful to you for bringing us together again in your presence to learn Father the ways you want us to minister Father as we are learning Father we ask you to pour out your anointing your wisdom and your understanding your revelation to us Father so that whatever we are learning Father we are able to apply it Father use it for your glory for your kingdom and to touch the lives of these precious children whom you entrust as Father and in days to come Father we may see your glorious presence manifesting in every children's church Father whom we are ministering Father and that we will see your power moving Father and whatever we are learning Father we may use it and give us that wisdom to apply it Father and glorify you in every way and way and walk of life Father bless everyone who is present bless everyone who is going to be listening to this knowledge Father and we pray that you will continue to work in us and through us to do the ministry in its most efficient way in Jesus's name we pray Amen. Amen. Thank you Stavini just like to say like you know when I began teaching your class in the first year the first semester that all of you were in you know just to uh quite excited your enthusiasm to ask westerns to discuss to debate your eagerness to participate and pray and everything you know whether it's asking anyone to pray or you know bombarding us with questions or you know discussing sharing your viewpoints it was quite an engaging class an exciting class it kept us on our toes to look up to read to prepare and all of those things which was also very very beneficial for for me as a teacher but now you know coming to the your final year the last semester I just like to encourage you all as a class to show that same kind of enthusiasm that zest that life you know which you bring into every class because of all the batches that I thought in bible college yours was somebody was your class was one which was full of life and passion and you know enthusiasm to learn and to you know just know things of God so it's the last semester just hardly two months to go I like to see the same passion that zest that eagerness so you know that motivation that energy that you bring into every class so which is missing which kind of you know demotivates us so you know I like to just encourage you all to bring back that life to class okay whatever it is okay anyways thank you Elisha I didn't expect that repentance to be so quick thank you okay so on Monday we began looking at at you know how we all you know not only children but all of us learned through our five senses it's the primary way that information gets to our brains you know and so how we can use all of these five senses in teaching children whether it's narrating a narrative from the bible teaching them a truth or also doing an activity because if you use more than one of these five senses which is hearing seeing smell taste and touch you know more learning happens it also reduces class boredom when you reduce class boredom sorry you reduce behavioral problems and also you know it can help in a children recalling the ability to recall whatever they have learned and also their enthusiasm to apply what they are learning so we looked at the auditory learners children who learn by hearing then we looked at sorry visual learners children who learn by seeing and then we went on to talk about children who learn by by touch touching I spoke about how we can you know give them different objects in their hands which is related to the story or perhaps give them something from the story to hold which they how they can interact with what you are saying because you can see some of these children who constantly fidgeting with their legs with their body they won't be sitting right they'll be moving out of their place they'll be you know you know peering over their their neighbor's shoulder you know or they use take a pencil or an eraser or a pen or a pencil case or water bottle and they're constantly fidgeting and that can you know kind of get us irritated but you know these children are basically children who learn by touch so if you just put these things in their hands you can identify them put these in their hand related to the object it connects them they are listening they relate back to what you are telling them and it because you are appealing to their learning sense the next one is learning through smell okay yeah through smell so you can get various objects that can help them you know not just see but also to smell so for example you know you can get grass or you know some herbs or fresh flowers when they're talking about creation and also when you bring these herbs or grass or you know plants or flowers when you're narrating you know about Jesus's betrayal in the Garden of Gethsemane or when he's praying in the Garden of Gethsemane you can also talk about the events that happen in the Garden of Eden when you're narrating it to them or creation you can use this you can use vinegar you know when you're narrating to them about how when Jesus died on the cross the soldiers tried to give Jesus vinegars to planches so you they can just smell that you know fragrant candles you know when you're talking about the the wise men visiting Jesus during Christmas time and narrating to and you can just narrating that event you know you can just place some scented candles so light it up so that the fragrance can fill the room also perfume you know about how this the woman came and washed Jesus's feet with that expensive perfume we're talking about Jonah you know and you know how Jesus fed the 5000 you can just get a piece of fish if it's okay and the smell the fish can just permeate the whole room and you know children just get the smell of it also you know you can baby powder you know for when you're talking narrating the story of baby Moses or Samuel when you're talking about the burning bush or the fury furnace in which Shadrach ate Meshach and Abednego were thrown into you can just you know bring charred wood or you can just burn something and they can just get that charred you know smell when you're talking about creation the food of the spirit you can get various fruits they can smell you know talking about Good Samaritan narrating to them on Good Samaritan you can bring about any medicines or vitamins that have strong odor you can you know they can children who love to learn by smell they can smell these things also you know scented lamp oil we have these oils perfume you know scented oil lamp oil you know which we put on the lamps and when we just light it up you know it gives fragrance the entire room I can use that for the parable of the 10 maidens you know even just you know bread or you know when you're talking about how Jesus is the bread of life or how he multiplied the five loaves into fishes you can use that and also you know you can use your own creativity to think about things you can also bring something that is really smelly a dirty strong odor or smell and you can talk about how you know sin is like this you know garbage smell that is so so terrible you know people cannot smell it on us when we are in sin but how detestable our lives are before God and you know what we do when we have something as dirty as this you know you can just take it out of the room and just throw it in the garbage bin outside or leave it outside plants and say now we don't get that aroma the same thing that happens when you know when we get rid of sin in our life so just simple things that you can use you know to you know help children who learn through the sense of a smell and the other thing that is you know children also learn to taste you know you can just get them you know for a creation you can or they're talking about how God created Adam and Eve you can get these cookies which have for different or sweets that have candies that have different images of animals or plants or a man or a woman a boy or a girl you can use various fruits or cut fruits and just give them to eat one or two pieces when you're talking about creation you're talking about the first sin of mankind you know the first miracle that Jesus did of turning the water into wine you can give them water and then you can give them grape juice you know and you can also use you know bread wafer and grape juice when you're talking about the Lord supper talking about David and Goliath you know how David came to that place he brought grain you can just bring some grain you can get the sandwiches you can get cheese crackers whatever give it to them to eat you know Jesus feeding the 5000 how the boy brought two five loaves of fish and two five loaves of bread sorry and two fishes you know you can give them to taste bread I'm sure children might not like the taste of fish so you can do a way with that you know also when you're talking about Joseph and his multicolored coat you can have you know gems or mmms you know or these candies which are different colors you can give them each different colors to just keep eating even as you're talking about the story Elijah and the widow at Zeraphit you know how she baked bread so you can just give them bread to eat just all of these things that you can use honey also as well you know when you're talking about how Jesus you know made a promise of the covenant that he would take the people of Israel to the promised land a land flowing with milk and honey so you can get some milk and get some honey so all of these things that you could use your own creativity to help children learn by taste so you can use food for learning you know and use food that represents something very concrete in the story okay so these are the five learning styles and I just mentioned very briefly how you could you know uh help children or use these learning styles to relate to to help them relate to what you're teaching them the story or the activity okay any other questions anyone has on this yes Asha um faster sister question like always um five sentences like in preschool where they teach about like they smell they bring all the items can it also be used for like normal like to the church services where the kids kids services so because I don't know it depends on the how the like the leader of the person who's in charge of the children's church how they conduct it or what I'm not sure so I'm just making sure like the things about the five senses that we're learning here like to make it more interactive in the churches um so are you talking about uh churches in the sense of the separate children's church where they gather or the sunday school or you're talking about the children's time in the adult church um no in the sunday services like for the separate ones the separate ones when you have your separate ones and you have separate classes for each of them you will have a maximum of say even to 10 children and not everyone would like to you know learn by touch not everyone will learn to like to learn by taste so there are only few of them so you can uh you can do this it's yeah you can do this in your class activities basically talking about uh specific classes that we teach in during sunday school or children's church time thank you first one more thing that's here what are what are the some who's missing some of the senses like how are they able to like if you're conducting that thing like without hurting them or anything how are we supposed to like how about that kids to listen so it's not that uh each one of us have just one learning style we will have more than one learning style but there'll be one learning style that will be dominant compared to the other learning styles so for example i can learn best by um uh you know by um uh seeing and i learn best by doing um and uh you know because i don't like to sit still i like to keep moving uh so these two things but for me the dominant one will be more seeing because i could captivate my attention um more than doing so if you're not able to have anything uh for them to do in that specific narrative or taste or touch uh then it's okay but you can do something that will appeal to the other styles of learning basically you know if you're doing something with uh hearing seeing uh or touch or you know tasting or whatever it will help let that answer your question yes master thank you so much yes yes Charles thank you i wanted to ask about the senses that are missing but already asha i think it was asha who asked about it i think you answered thank you yes thank you Charles elasha says you know uh the teens pre-teens and teens they can be sent to various uh uh exposure to various evangelistic uh uh opportunities uh mission trips uh to observe things for themselves yes we can do that we can even take our younger ones because in our children's church we take children from grade one grade two upward for uh you know outreach or evangelistic uh uh trips you know where they can minister and we put them along with our other uh you know children of other grades so that they're not feeling left out and they're also learning they're also seeing they're also experiencing yes yeah that's a good thing to do for basically for the older ones because it impacts them much more yes kung says thank you elasha i hope that helped to answer your uh suggestion kung says master from your experience can you tell us what one is the one sense is a children can learn best on an average best on an average is uh hearing and seeing hearing and seeing if you you know use both of this it helps hearing also should be something like i said you know voice modulation body language changing your tone speaking like you know like like when uh when david came to see go light and you know said uh uh you know go light comes and stands there and he says uh uh you know you know uh you know you can raise your voice you can say uh you know the storm will come when david came and stood of course you can't do this with the older children and he says you know what am i am a dog that you come to me with the stick and stones you know so just changing your voice and uh and it just you know it excites the class children even grade five and six uh you know are um uh excited about this um and then you know go light came and stood there and through this challenge said who will fight with me see because they're all watching w w f and all of those things so it just excites them you know just also talking about uh other things you know how how bartenders was blind you couldn't see and you know you have to be here we have a little crazy not crazy and then he just you know jesus is the side he's screaming the side with mouth opens and you know so the kids just get basically very excited they're able to relate to what you're saying so hearing can also be a beautiful way of how you presented demonstration like i narrated that whole story of the five loaves and two fishes of the young boy how it was painted a picture for us so how that person painted a picture for us and how we were just so caught up with the story so these two can be very very dominant yes did i help you okay yes elisha okay madame thank you very much um these days because there are a lot of um movies of of some of these stories available on youtube and on other media is it advisable sometimes after telling them the stories the most written to them you let them watch the movies to have a real image you know of the stories yes we said for those who learn by seeing we can use videos but you'll have to go through the entire video to make sure first of all where the source is because many of these jojoba witnesses have a amazing wealth of resources on children's ministry and you need to be very very careful about where you're taking your videos from also watch the videos because some of them are not exactly like they are narrated in the bible i just happened to click on one video which talked about Joseph and it showed exactly different from what the bible says so it was i just stopped i just didn't even you know look for look more into the video or just watch it more i just stopped it there because you know it was not what the bible said so i was not interested so you need to be very careful uh what they're narrating what they're saying and what they're showing and if it's in line with uh you know 95 percent 90 percent is with line of what the bible says you can go ahead and show it to them yes okay any more questions okay we'll move on yeah thank you elisha uh we will look at uh you know these learning styles in a more deeper way there are eight different intelligences or ways of learning so there's a person called a Howard Gardner a professor of education at the Howard graduate school of education he has identified eight different intelligences or ways of learning and this also shows us how God created us to you know respond receive and respond individually in different ways to different kinds of content such as language music you know nature that he's created or other people so this person Howard Gardner this professor at Howard school of graduate school of education he has thought about these eight different intelligences or ways of learning but take a look at it the first thing is um a linguistic you know ways of learning you know so we can see that every child actually possesses all of these eight gifts which is linguistic the next one is logical or mathematical the next one is a spatial or picture gift um and then you have the bodily kinesthetic or the body gift the musical gift okay children learn by music and then the intrapersonal and the intrapersonal so you have the linguistic gift the logical gift the spatial gift bodily or the kinesthetic gift musical gift interpersonal and intrapersonal so linguistic is basically children learn through word a logical or mathematical children learn through logic special gifts or spatial gifts children learn through pictures seeing pictures bodily kinesthetic is body gift children learn by doing things moving their bodies access you know activities musical gift children learn through music interpersonal is when we learn through interacting sorry intrapersonal is like when we're learning to interact with people sorry interpersonal is when we relate with people and intrapersonal is self-awareness they just learn by themselves they're very self-sufficient they learn to just be on their own just learn by themselves and the naturalist is you know people or children who learn by classifying things so we look at the first one is the linguistic gift which is the word gift you know children learn by seeing and by hearing i've already you know spoken about this so you can provide them books pictures videos object lessons demonstrations you can use voice modulation body movements eye contact facial expressions express the story to the faces that you know different faces that you make different emotions that you know feature in the in the narrative you can express that the next one is the logical gift where a children learn by classifying or categorizing things to understand topics so basically these children learn through patterns through numbers equations better you know as compared to other children so if you use a pattern in the sense like you know if you use going from Genesis onward you can teach them or you can teach them from from Jesus's birth onward how he did his ministry then the early church so you know patterns they also learn through numbers equations so you can give them various you know exciting puzzles quizzes activities through which they can identify you know truths of the story or learning or the memory verse we look at all of them when we are you know how to prepare a lesson plan i'll show you some of these things that you could use so these children learn through logical or mathematical they like to think through reason through things so even some of these object lessons that has to do with the scientific experiments they would really like that so you can provide them games and puzzles next one is the special gift or the spatial gift which is a picture gift where children learn through colors and images so you just basically provide them pictures books with pictures or show them pictures videos give them various you know you know coloring sheets or activity sheets in which they can color which has images and you know which will again reiterate the story there are also people or children who learn through bodily kinesthetic which is the body gift children learn by moving by touching so these are the children who will be excited to enact this kit so if if you narrated a story to them and then you you want them to you know enact it these children will be excited to come up not all children will put up their hand but you'll have these children will be more excited who'd come to enact this kit or you know you want them to do a role play be more than excited to do the role play you have any physical activities like games attention getters object lessons demonstration that you want to do you know you could these children would be very very excited for example you know I if you're talking about how Moses you know touched the river Nile with his with his you know the staff he had in his hand and the water turned into blood so you can have a you know stick and the end of the stick you can just put some red color food coloring powder there just stick it on you know put some blue on the end of the stick you know put some food color there red color and you know just have one child who's who's has this gift of learning to bodily kinesthetic or to doing you know get that child don't just come and take it and touch that water it turns red so even those children who learn by seeing will be very excited to see this you know also when when you're talking about Adam and Eve how God created Adam you know he was lifeless so you have the child is standing there lifeless and then you say Jesus you know sorry God bleed his breath so you do and you know then you say okay now you become you move around and so the child is moving and now you know Adam became a life a living being you know a human being with life in him or when you're talking about Lazarus you know these children will be excited because they learn by doing by moving by touching so you can have a child all rolled up in a white sheet or white shawl and you can have the child standing out of the classroom and close the door and then you know and Jesus went to Lazarus grave and he just had the stone rolled away and then he says come out Lazarus and you know the child was fully rolled up in that white sheet or white shawl come in you know the kids were screaming excitement and so these kids really love to do all of these things who are learned through bodily kinesthetic so you can get them to do even mimes, rule plays, enacts kids in the class okay and when they are physically engaged in doing all of these demonstration activities games and all of these things you know their mind retains things even more than what you know would would be retained if they're just basically looking at things and hearing things okay then we have children who learn through the gift of music musical learning you know gift that children have the intelligence of ways of learning to music these children basically are learned when the music is on so they like rhythm they like music they like beats so you can just have you know music playing in the background or if you don't have music playing in the background you know you could even you know convert some of these or play some of these songs which narrate bible stories in the form of song or you have memory versus scripture verses in the form of song they would like that they would learn better also when you're narrating you know you can get them to you know make noises like you know when Jesus breathes like you know or you know when Goliath came you know you can do boom boom boom you know or for example when what else can we think of when it comes to music hmm yeah you know Pharaoh was hard his heart was hardened so they can do this you know and he did not let the people go all of those things or when Pharaoh clapped his hand he called his son so they can clap their hands so just simple hand movements you know things that you can get you know they have to make noises sounds back in his screams shouted they can get them to shout also this Jesus you know when he comes to storm you know the thunder the rain the the noise and everything they can just make the wind blowing now they can make the sound the wind blowing all of those things these children will be very very excited and it'll kind of bring back their attention back to the story and music is actually not a distraction for them uh if you've noticed there are some children you've noticed uh in maybe your own families or your extended families or your friends circles children who are constantly playing music in the background and studying so I know of a child uh actually my younger sister's friend uh who's an excellent student a very good student gets good marks but even when she's studying for her final exam she will have music playing in the background so she will have music playing in the background but she's still studying for a final exam as well because she learns through you know the gift of music I also have another child in our own children's church now she's passed out of children's church but you know every time she's doing her studies even in a degree you know she's doing a project work writing studying for exam she'll have praise and worship she will just plug it on or she'll put on the the praise and worship and she'll be listening to it and she'll be stubbing and I had punches in my house and in my room I had to tell her you know please put it on because I can't concentrate I'm on somebody who has the musical gift uh it kind of distracts me but for them it's not a distraction okay so these children learn through melody rhythm uh so you know there are various um stories like a story of Jonah, Zakiess you know songs and food of the spirit so all of these songs you can just play it use it teach them these children will be very very excited the next kind of you know learners are those who have a personal gift gift the interpersonal gift or learners these learners learn while relating the information with others they love to work in teams and groups they love to share information they compare their ideas with each other so you can see some child when you tell them something you narrate an incident or tell them something that you're trying to explain you know like for example this is what happened in my life or this is what happened the other day when I saw it this child will be very excited and then quickly you know not waste a second or a minute to talk to a child next to them say hey yeah you know this is what happened uh uh sometime back this is what happened and we can get very irritated with them because we think we are they're disturbing us they're disturbing the class they're disturbing the child next to them but this is how they learn through interpersonal because they love talking to their neighbor they love sharing they say yeah I think you know I agree with her I don't agree with her because this this this and they'll share their viewpoints they'll share their ideas or if they know that you totally get annoyed you know when they're talking with others they will just whisper or now it's very easy because they have their mask on so they love to talk but also these children you know will begin engaging with you then love to ask questions so for anything and everything they will just have one question and you think how silly this question is or you think this child is just totally disrupting my class or this child just loves to interrupt me or you know I think this child is just enjoying or having fun at my expense but literally no it's the child learns through interpersonal because they just can't sit quiet and listen and see or all the activities that you they do they just love to talk they just want to say something or they are okay so you know you can provide grouping discussions quizzes you know just too many discussion with their with their friends around them what they think what they feel you see in that kind of a group there'll be some children who are very quiet but there will be some who go on talking and will not stop and not give a chance to others if these interpersonal children who learn through interacting with others and then we have the other intelligence or way of learning is true intra-personal so there's inter with an e and there's an intra with an a so this is self-awareness gift you know they are very different from those who are interpersonal these they don't like to learn with others in a group they learn best when they're left to themselves so we see some children you know all the children be sitting there they will sit right at the back they will sit away from others they will have nothing to do with the discussion they will not even move their bodies when you ask them to get into a group they'll be least interested because they are the the self-motivated learners they've been just two things on their own learn on their own they enjoy it best when left to their selves okay so they learn best when left alone so you know space but you can just say okay you don't want to move to your own group or you can just sit near this group and just listen you know so they they are not missing out on all the discussion or the learning that happens but these children will just learn by seeing you know by what you're showing them activities they won't be interested in maybe interested in touch and smell because it's very more or taste because it's more personal it is connecting to their own person so they can have these learning styles they're not the bodily kinesthetic who like to do things through activities okay and then we have the naturalist which which is the last of the eight that you know Howard Gardner has you know listed out as eight different intelligence or ways of learning so we have the naturalist these naturalists are you know children who learn in a natural way they can be called natural learners you know in any of the other ways their mind you know sorry retains information even if there's been a classroom listening to lectures watching an educational movie going on field trips you know studying alone a separate room or you know while they're also doing group study these learners can you know just receive information they can get take content taking content data best through you know just listening and also through experimenting and practical methods so you see these they will have a formula for it or they will have an acronym for you know the points that they are they have to study if there is a big question they will kind of find an acronym to you know which will present the main points they like to draw it out they would like to experiment it in practical ways so basically they learn by classifying things and you know they're also learned by you know outdoor activities when you provide them outdoor activities you know by looking at things studying observing things field trips and all of those things so each one will enjoy it so when you take them on a mission trip or take them to minister in an old age home orphanage or anywhere you know street evangelism whatever or praying for the sick they would be very very excited because they learn through experiment and through practical methods so these are the eight different intelligences different intelligences or ways of learning we need to know that each child possesses all of these eight gifts and also all of us can possess all of these eight gifts but you know each one of us or each child will operate comfortably in one or two gifts even though we all have or possess these eight gifts you know each one of us will have one or two which is more dominant than the others which means one or two gifts will be more dominant than the rest so each student's learning styles or intelligences will consist of a different combination of these gifts and you know children learn best when their classroom activities appeal to their dominant intelligences therefore you know as children's church ministers as teachers you know we should include one or more of these intelligences or one or more of these learning styles in our teaching or in our activities so that it will minister effectively to each child but when we choose we need to be very very conscious and be aware that we don't choose the activities that best suits our own learning styles and don't fall into a trap that you know what makes you feel comfortable don't think in your terms don't think okay you know this is what this is the way I best learn so I'm going to use these things there are you know an overlook for example I might not learn to to smell and taste so I can overlook it but I need to keep reminding myself hey how can I include all of these all of the learning styles and not just choose activities that best suits my own learning style or also not you know do things that are comfortable to do things what I am comfortable with but teach children you know keeping it but prepare our lessons and activities keeping in mind what you know best children can learn or even knowing your class and knowing hey this child is doesn't learn through hearing and seeing has to have some activity touch something you know you know I need to do something I just this child is totally distracting everybody else distracting me I need to keep that child engaged so keep prepare your class and your activities keeping in mind the children that you are ministering to and also you know all of these learning styles these eight intelligences is not something that we say oh you know this is such a burden to think about all these things prepare carry it you know do these object lessons prior see if it works these experiments and then go carry all of this to church you know it's it's quite demanding it's quite challenging it's quite difficult so I just you know narrate a story and things like that but we need to remember that each child is created in the image of God and each of us are different you know each has own creative ways of expressing ourselves and also if imagine if we are able to present the truths in God's word in a way that best appears to their learning styles or their intelligences you know imagine the excitement they will have to read God's word the excitement they will have to go back to God's word they will not find God's word boring because they would know that hey when I teach us presented in such a creative way that appeals to my learning style you know God's word is exciting it's not boring it's not something that I do as a ritual but you know I can you know I can envision things I can you know see things I can you know just run things through my mind even as I'm reading the narrative so that's how we need to present the gospel for them so the children fall in love with God's word because it's basically appealing to their the learning styles it's you know it's appealing to their different intelligences or their ways of learning so even as you you know take that steps you take that you know the pain you you spend time in preparing all of this you know the child knows that you are taking interest in communicating the truths in the way that best engages them that relates to them and you know you would come across as somebody who they can depend on they can trust in you become their mentor you become their friend you know and they will come to you for creative ideas they will come to you when they're going to challenges and difficulties they will even you know call you later on in life when they're going to challenges and difficulties whichever part of the world they are you know and just ask you to pray or you know help you through some challenging situations see you through give you clarity in what they're going through and help you through difficulties that they are facing so yes you know all of these things can take a lot of time and effort to plan and prepare best way to easy way to do is just talk it out but when you do all of these things you know it it takes you know it just shows the child how much interested you are in it helps them to just fall in love with you and also you can become a good mentor and a friend where they can open up and where you are building them up in the ways of the world okay so any questions anyone has any questions anything you like to share any thoughts anyone has these things can also help us to understand our own learning styles also helps us to understand our own gifts what God has given us the gifts areas of our creativity how we understand best also will help you to understand your own children who you try to teach you're trying to impart things into their lives whether it's you know knowledge of the world or you know scripture that you're trying to teach them you can understand what is their learning styles and you know when you relate to them in their learning style it just basically helps them a great deal or if you are a leader you're handling a team you know you have people with different intelligences learning styles use their gifts in their areas of expertise don't give them something which they are not good at which they will struggle you know which can become very challenging for them and you know it will be so difficult for you to get things done through them they will find it so beardy they will be so irritated you will be irritated so also important for us to know when we work with the adults what is their learning styles their intelligences and best maximize on their styles their intelligences so that you know the outcome can be better or how you are progressing in your project work can also be better okay I'll stop there if there are no questions I think that you'll like to any clarity or need any comments okay there's nothing then we'll end class thank you all for joining class have a blessed day and I will see you all next Monday thank you