 Abstract mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs, have been used in regenerative medicine for their ability to differentiate, immunomodulate, and be cultured and manipulated. Recent studies suggest that the therapeutic effects of MSCs are mediated by paracrine factors, specifically exosomes. Exosomes transfer functional cargos like Myrna and Myna molecules, peptids, proteins, cytokines, and lipids to recipient cells. They participate in intercellular communication events and contribute to tissue healing. MSC-derived exosomes can be manipulated and applied as a cell-free therapeutic approach for treating various diseases. Exosome isolation methods have been developed for clinical use, and current research is focused on translational medicine. This article was authored by Sepeda Nikfajem, Jaffa Rizay, named Majidhi Zolbanin and others.