 It's time for the Lawn Jean Chronoscope, a television journal of the important issues of the hour brought to you every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, a presentation of the Lawn Jean Wittner Watch Company, maker of Lawn Jean, the world's most honored watch, and Wittner, distinguished companion to the world-honored Lawn Jean. Good evening. This is Frank Knight. May I introduce our co-editors for this edition of the Lawn Jean Chronoscope? Edward P. Morgan and Bill Downs, both of the CBS television news staff. Our distinguished guest for this evening is Dr. Heinz Kreckler, chief of the German diplomatic mission to the United States. Mr. Ambassador, we can get into the high-blown diplomatic question soon enough. Let's try to start on a little bit more of a human level. What is the one thing, in your opinion, that is worrying the West German citizen most? Is it taxes? Is it food? Is it shelter? Is it the threat of the Russians, or what is it, sir? Well, it's very difficult to describe this in one word. I think it's several things that there are longing for, desire for peace, that peace is preserved, desire that there are unhappy brothers and sisters on the other side of the Iron Curtain, getting their human dignity and their freedom back again, and then, of course, to have a greater stability in Europe through European integration. I think that's what is foremost in their minds. Well, Mr. Ambassador, we are proposing that 12 German divisions be formed. Now, in an event that this plan goes through, do you think there's any chance that West Germany would do a South Korea, a sing-man-ree, and opposes in major policy decisions? Well, I wouldn't like to compare it to conditions in other countries, but I can say this. First of all, it's not the question of putting 12 German divisions into the field, but we regard what we are asked to do as our contribution to the sharing, the burden of common defense. That is what we are really ready to do, what the German people is prepared to do. So what we are asked to do and what we want to do is to have 12 divisions in a European army, not 12 German divisions, but 12 European divisions in which Germans serve. And that's quite a difference. Mr. Ambassador, perhaps we can focus on that a little bit more tightly. Yes, exactly. If we ask you to give your own assessment as to the significance of the recent elections in which Mr. Adnar was re-elected and the so-called splinter groups from the right and the left, both extremes were routed. There's been a great deal of speculation on that from the so-called experts. It would probably be valuable to get your own. Gradually, Mr. Morgen. In my opinion, the greatest common denominator of the election results is this. It's an acceptance of partnership by the overwhelming majority of the German people. And by this, I don't mean the advantages of partnership only, but also the burdens and the duties of partnership, being partners of the free world. And that I think is in what you can say in the broadest terms. Then one issue that we are most happy about is the crushing defeat that the neo-Nazis suffered. They didn't get a single seat in our parliament and they got, I think, not more than half the votes even the communists got. And the communists didn't get a single seat either. You feel that there's no real danger, then, of a rise again of Nazi elements in West Germany? Well, I think, Mr. Morgen, after these elections, all observers agree that this danger is not existing anymore. But you know that eternal vigilance is a price of liberty and we know this. Bill Downs has just come back from a trip to Germany where he's been several times and he's been back just a few days, actually, and he's probably got some pointed questions to ask you on that respect. Well, I didn't want to get into that yet, Ed, but I would like to know, and I didn't have a chance to find out, but you say that the German people are willing to put up 12 divisions into this European army. They are willing to share the burden of defence. That is exactly what they mean because they really didn't want to put up troops again, as you knew, only in the form of sharing the burden. How do the young men who are going to form these divisions feel about it? I think we can answer this question also by the election results. We think that the young people, not very cheaply, but accept this to share the burden as a duty and accept it as also by their participation in the elections. Well, Mr. Ambassador, we must be very realistic about these things and we know that the French, very understandably, have been frightened, more than frightened, by some German policies before and that probably conditions their reflexes as to the European defence community now. They seem to be, in most recent weeks, a little bit more encouraged toward getting into the European defence community with Germany. How do you think the situation looks at this moment? Well, I agree with you. I think the French reaction towards our election results was pretty much similar to that in other countries. They were also greatly encouraged by the crushing defeat of the neo-Nazis. And then, by the way, the European defence community was a French proposal and we, I think, have every reason to believe that it will come into existence. Well, it's been said, Mr. Ambassador, that the dilemma of Germany is that it must have an army strong enough to deter the communists, but at the same time, weak enough not to frighten the French. What do you think of that? All I would say, I wouldn't put it in these words. I would say that when we are contributing to the European defence community, our contribution is fixed not by ourselves, but by consent of the partners. And the other members, members of the NATO, who are not members of the European defence community, have a say in this respect in the planning also. So what the size of the German contingent is not fixed by Germany, but is fixed by all the partners. Mr. Krekler, obviously one of the main questions as to Germany is to whether it can be unified, and that brings up the question of Soviet policy. They seem to have relaxed a tiny bit since the June 17th uprising, one way or another. What do you really think are the realistic possibilities of such a union of west and east under the circumstances? Well, I think we will have one day this reunification. How can it come about? Always ask why I believe this is so, and one of the main reasons I am giving for this is the effect of world opinion. I think the public opinion throughout the world plays a greater role in the developments in the world as we all estimate or think, and after the events which you mentioned following the 17th of June when the population of the Soviet occupied zone rose against their oppressors with bare hands against tanks, everybody in the world knows how these people feel. They made this uprising under the slogan of free elections, and at the very day the 18th of June happened to be in Honolulu. That's pretty far away from Berlin. It's nearly half around the world, actually is, and I can tell you I was very deeply moved by direction people even there at this great distance ahead. But Mr. Ambassador, does this not also mean that the Soviet government realizes the feeling against the communist regimes or the Iron Curtain? And does that not also mean that their grasp will tighten rather than loosen? No, in the long run I don't think so. I don't think so. Well, supposing that from now till spring, for example, there is no hope offered to those people behind the Iron Curtain, the East Germans, that there is no four power conference, there is no progress towards unification, do you think there's any possibility of an uprising again? Well, of course you can't say this, but what I should like to point out is that we are constantly giving them proof how we are thinking that we are standing at their side. First there was this program of giving food parcels. And now, as you have learned, President Eisenhower answering a letter by Chancellor Ardenauer said that the American people would be by the private organizations prepared to give clothing to those also. And by these people know that we are at their side, that we haven't forgotten them. And this is much more a human problem than a political one, much more. I think this has a great effect. Well, the French also and the Americans and the British have embarked on a new policy, it appears, that one of saying that we will offer security guarantees to the Russians. Do you think that's realistic? Oh yes, very much so. There is quite a story behind this. The first time such a plan was mentioned, when I remember correctly, by President Eisenhower in his address before American newspaper editors. And then a second proposal along these lines was made by Sir Vincent Churchill, British Prime Minister. And then Chancellor Ardenauer made a proposal to use the European defense community as a starting point if the other partners agreed to it, as a starting point for security offer, including also the Soviets. And all this has been taken also up by a French spokesman, and so I think we are quite agreed on the western side that we should work along these lines. Ambassador is the last question, and I want you to answer it in just a couple of words. You've been around the country a great deal. What do you think the people of America are most preoccupied with at this moment? Well, as we all are, there's a question, how can we preserve peace? I think that it's the first political problem we have to solve in our time, and I think the American people realize very well that if we all work together, especially in Europe, co-operates better than in the past, we will solve this crucial problem of mankind. Thank you very much, sir, indeed. The opinions that you've heard our speakers express tonight have been entirely their own. The editorial board for this edition of the Longeen Chronoscope was Edward P. Morgan and Bill Downs, both of the CBS television news staff. The distinguished guest was Dr. Heinz Krakler, chief of the German diplomatic mission to the United States. It's World Series time again, the best days of the year for the football, baseball fans, and this year again the World Series is Longeen time. 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We invite you to join us every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday evening at this same time for the Longeen Chronoscope, the television journal of the important issues of the hour broadcast on behalf of Longeen, the world's most honored watch, and Witner, distinguished companion to the world honored Longeen. This is Frank Knight reminding you that Longeen and Witner watches are sold and serviced from coast to coast by more than 4,000 leading jewelers who proudly display this emblem, agency for Longeen Witner watches. Tuesday nights, they're suspense on the CBS television network.