 This research paper discusses the use of a new catalyst made up of iron and copper atoms bonded together with holes in nitrogen-doped graphene to reduce nitrates and produce ammonia. This catalyst has been found to have higher activity and selectivity than other catalysts, allowing for more efficient nitrate reduction and ammonia production. This article was authored by Shuo Zhong, Jiang Huowu, Meng Tingxian, and others.