 Gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM, is a common complication of pregnancy that is associated with an increased risk of obesity and diabetes in the offspring. Changes in the endocrine, metabolic, immune, and microbial systems during pregnancy can lead to altered metabolisms which can result in adverse pregnancy outcomes and a negative impact on the health of the infant. The maternal microbiome plays a key role in the development of GDM and its effects on the infant's health. Microbes produce metabolites that can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on the host. Research into the microbiome and its metabolites is providing new insights into the pathophysiology of GDM and potential therapeutic strategies. This article was authored by Poril Singh, Dua Ahmed Idris Ilhaj, Ibrahim Ibrahim, and others.