 Cultivating muscle meat straight from cells instead of carving it from animals would reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses now due to fecal contamination during slaughtering and the evisceration of carcasses, because there would be no feces, would be no slaughter, and no carcasses to eviscerate. In addition, it would also reduce the threat from antibiotic resistance. To compensate for the overcrowded stressful unhygienic conditions on factory farms, the animals are dosed in mass with antibiotics. Lots of antibiotics. We're talking 20 million pounds a year of medically important antibiotics. So we get farm animals in the United States like, you know, 2 million pounds of penicillin drugs, 15 million pounds of tetracycline. I mean, this is madness. It gets laced right into their feed and water. We're talking antibiotics important to human medicine, being fed to cows, pigs, and chickens by the ton. By the thousands of tons laced into their feed and water. And that's all without a prescription. 97% of the tens of millions of pounds of antibiotics given to farm animals in the United States are bought over the counter, as in without a prescription or order from a veterinarian. I mean, to even get a few milligrams of penicillin, you need a doctor's prescription, right? Because look, these are miracle wonder drugs that can't be squandered. But meanwhile, farmers can just back their trucks right up to the feed store. And now, half the salmonella in retail meat, chicken, turkey, beef, pork, is resistant to tetracycline. About a quart of the bugs are now resistant to three or more entire classes of antibiotics, including some resistant to ceftrioxin, which is a critically important drug we use to treat severe salmonella infections, especially in children. Such agricultural applications for antimicrobials are now considered an urgent threat to human health, with a link between antibiotic use in animals and antibiotic resistance in humans considered unequivocal. It all starts in the poop. Antibiotic resistant bugs are selected for, and then can spread via the meat or produce contaminated by the poop, or in the wind or air or the water carried by insects. Lots of pathways by which resistant superbugs can escape. So even if you don't eat meat, you can be put at risk by the pathogens released from stressed, immunocompromised, contaminant-filled livestock pumps with antibiotics. That's one of the reasons the American Public Health Association has called for a moratorium on factory farms on the pollution of the surrounding communities. More than five tons of animal manure are produced for every man, woman, and child in the United States every year. It all starts with the poop. But cultivated meat means no guts, no poop, no fecal infections, no antibiotics necessary, and no fecal or antibiotic residues left in the meat, which could potentially cause a variety of side effects beyond just the transfer of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to humans. And things are getting worse, not better. U.S. animal agriculture is using more antibiotics now than ever before, and it's not just because we're raising more animals. Antibiotic sales in the U.S. are outpacing meat production. Yes, meat production is going up, but check out the rise in antibiotic sales for meat production. But with a combined might, a big ag and big pharma, who profits from the selling of all those drugs, it's hard to imagine anything changing on the political side. Maybe the only hope is the change on the production side. The unstoppable rise of super-resistant strains of bacteria is a serious worldwide problem, resulting in 700,000 deaths every year. And the projections for global antibiotic use in food animal production are ominous, perhaps exceeding 100,000 tons of antibiotics pumped into animals for food by 2030. Quite simply, we may be on the path to untreatable infections by using even some of our last resort antibiotics, like carbapenems, just to shave off a few cents of a pound of meat. And it's not just food-borne bacteria. There's mad cows, swine flu, bird flu, with the potential to kill millions of people. Skeptical. I've got a book for you to read. Who's author's superb storytelling ability evidently makes it a must-read. Given the threat of the chickens coming home to roost, an editorial in the American Journal of Public Health thought it curious that ceasing to eat them, or at the very least radically limiting the quantity of them that is eaten as largely off the radar, is a significant preventive measure to prevent the next influenza pandemic. Yet humanity does not even seem to consider this option. But humanity need not consider that option because you could make all the chicken you want without guts or lungs.