 Welcome to my channel, I am Arapata Karwa and in this video lecture I am going to talk about research process. We have already discussed research methodology in brief in my previous video lecture in which I gave you a crash course in research methodology. In this particular video, I am going to focus on one key aspect that you must know about research that is the research process. What is research? How to do it? What are the steps to follow? Today we will discuss the flow chart of research process. Now any research is going to have at least 8 steps and we are going to look at each of the 8 steps one by one. So let's start. The first step in any research is formulation of research problem. Now what is a research problem? Research problem is the thing you would like to research on. What is the question which is there in your mind before you want to carry out a research on it? Now this particular area should be of your interest. You should be extremely passionate about it, only then this research will be fruitful. You will be able to give your 100% in carrying out this research. For example, if I am very eager to know what are the possible causes of panic attack, I should start with this research question. What is the question? What are the possible causes of panic attack? So this is the first step. You need to have a research problem with you. You should know which topic you want to research. Only then you can start with the next step. The second step in research process is review of literature. Now what is literature? Literature is the theory which has been written on a particular topic. For example, if I want to do a research on possible causes of panic attack, I need to read a lot about panic attack before I can start with my research. So I need to read a lot about panic attacks. I might need to read 5-6 good books written by great scholars about panic attack. Also I need to look at other researchers and their findings who have either done something in the field of panic attack or who have done some similar kind of research. I will give you a very simple example. First you want to research on Sanjay Leela Bansali's movie and its impact on the society. So before you begin with your research, it's important that you have watched those movies. You have read the reviews of critics about those movies. You have read interviews of Sanjay Leela Bansali talking about his movies and you have also read the research papers of other research scholars who have done their research on Sanjay Leela Bansali and his movies. This entire process of theory collecting, of reading, of conceptualizing is taken care in the second step that is review of literature. The third step in research process is development of hypothesis. What is hypothesis? hypothesis is a possible or tentative answer to a question. If I am developing a question on any topic, so my brain will have a preconceived result. Suppose I am researching on students, so my brain has a preconceived notion that my result will tell me that if you don't study then your result is not good. I am studying the impact of studies on test result. So before I start the research, I would like to tell you that according to me, my result finding will be that the test result of the student who is not studying will not be good. But suppose I do the research and I get the finding that there are a lot of students who score very well in the exam even without studying. Maybe because they are very observant, they don't need to observe those things. If you remember 3 idiots, we have never seen in that movie that Amir Khan was ever studying. But he was very observant, he was very practical because of which he got the first rank in the exam. So if you look at hypothesis, hypothesis means a tentative answer which you are having in your mind before you even start the research. Now this answer can be proven true or false by the end of the research. So hypothesis is tested in the whole research and in the end of the research, our hypothesis is wrong or it can be proven true. So this is the third step. Now there are different types of hypothesis, there are different theories related to hypothesis. We are going to talk about it in detail in our coming video lectures. But for now remember that making of hypothesis or creating a hypothesis is the third step of research process. The first step in research process is forming research design. What is research design? Research design is the method of conducting a research. How will you do research? We call this method as research design. What is your strategy of doing research? I will give you two examples of research and you will automatically understand how two different research design would be used. The first example is if I want to do research on the impact of Sanjay Leela Bansali's movies on Indian audience. And the second type of research is if I want to know how a particular product can enhance the chemical reaction. Now in second case, lab may research, it would be an experimental research in which I will put different compounds in a chemical mixture and then I will see what reaction is taking place. On the other hand, to see the impact of Sanjay Leela Bansali's movies, I don't need to take the participants to the laboratory. I am going to observe them. Whenever a movie is going on of Sanjay Leela Bansali, I am going to sit there and look at people's reaction and then develop my research. So you can see different research designs will be used in different types of research. We are going to look into different types of research designs in our coming video lectures. For now remember that formation of research design is the fourth step in research process. The fifth step in research process is data collection. Now what is data collection? We do research on people or on things and research only validates when it is done on many people. By researching on one person, you cannot generalize that thing on the entire world. But if you do research on a particular group, then you can definitely generalize it to the public. If I am researching on 500 students and I am checking the impact of stress on the day of exam, I can generalize the result on the entire population. That means on all students. I can say that if this stands true for this 500 student group, then it is going to stand true for all the students across the world. So data collection is important. You collect different students, different participants' data and assemble them together. And then comes the next step which is data analysis. You collected data by using different tools like interviews, questionnaire, standardized test. And on the basis of that data which is collected, you are going to analyze that data. So by collecting this data, you will put it in Excel or any other software and process it. And then you are going to draw out a conclusion. So the fifth step is data collection and the sixth step is data analysis. After collecting the data, when you systematically organize and analyze it, only then you can move on to the seventh step which is drawing conclusion. So seventh step of research process is when you analyze the data and on the basis of the analysis, you draw a conclusion. So this is where you will test your hypothesis. The hypothesis which you were carrying out, whether it is true or not, you got a new thing after the research. You came to know that the outcome which you should get after the research, it did not come, it got a different result. So this is the seventh step which is drawing conclusion. And finally we move on to the eighth step which is report findings. That means you are finally telling it to the world what you have researched and what is the conclusion of your research. So if you have ever written a thesis or you have presented a paper, so this paper presentation and thesis writing comes under the eighth step which is report finding. By writing that thesis you are actually telling your conclusion to the entire world. So now that we have understood the eight steps which a researcher must take in order to do his research, it's time to look at the previous year questions and see whether we can answer a few questions which were asked from this particular section. So let's have a look. So that's it for this video lecture. We are going to meet very soon in the next video lecture Before you go, don't forget to subscribe to this channel. 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