 Thank you very much once again. My name is Sam Smah. I'm a professor of sociology. I'm a director of students industrial work experience scheme at the National Open University of Nigeria. I'm also the industrial license officer for the World Bank Assistist African Center of Excellence on Technology Enhanced Learning. I'm very privileged to have come to Salem. The academic is a very, very important place and it adds a lot. I've met a lot of friends. I also have learned a lot of things which I think places all that we are doing at the National Open University of Nigeria in perspective. Right. The National Open University of Nigeria was established about 15 years ago. Actually a reactivation because it was in place in 1981 and then it was suspended. So the reactivation actually came in the right time or at the right time. That right time is the fact that conventional educational service provision has undergone a lot of crisis. Crisis in terms of space, crisis in terms of how many students can be admitted in the nation's tertiary institutions, particularly universities. Because the university represents a crater of education. Many people perceive it as the highest level. Many families would not believe that their words and their children have learned anything until they have an university certificate. So the Sivni Council, the university certificate is highly appreciative in Nigeria. But here are serious challenges and one of it is the fact that year after year you find that many people write the qualifying exams to enter the university and merely about 30 percent usually get enrolled. And of course the nation's universities as of today stand at 154. And that number is not adequate considering the fact that this year alone there was almost two million people who wrote qualifying exams and only about 450,000 have been admitted so far. And this made the ODL system, the online distance learning alternative, very, very terrible. And the fact of this institutional alternative or educational alternative is that it affords students the opportunity to have the flexibility of working and studying at the same time. So the National Open University of Nigeria is a clear departure from the conventional system. That departure is hinged on technology because technology is what is used to deliver learning. We deliver learning through upload of course materials. We also have what is called online facilitation. And we also have structures that are put in place to facilitate this. And one of it is the learning content management system. That system as a unit produces or develops platforms which enhances online access to learning by students. We also have the recently inaugurated recently inaugurated because sooner or later the format takeoff will be perhaps at the end of the month is the African Center of Excellence on Technology Enhanced Learning for which I am the industrialization officer. Here we also wholly digitalizing learning. Learning in this process at the postgraduate level where of course there are social courses, professional courses and so on. But at the master's level and the PhD level we are hoping to mount courses for which the materials, the content has been developed. The development of the content is part of the preparation, the preparedness to facilitate or the effective takeoff. The effective takeoff is tied to setting aspect of editorial work which means that we should be able to fine-tune and clean up all the the visuals and all the other learning tools which are necessarily attached and accompany course content materials. So these will all go online. Then of course we have the directorate of SiWes which is the students industrial work experience scheme. This system also and connects students to industrial organizations where the mandatory take the six-month period of internship. This internship is very critical because it ensures that knowledge is practicalized. Knowledge is transformed into hands-on experiences at the industry level. So we also have developed a system that enables us to undertake supervision, monitoring and all the associated issues of quality assurance. This is very key as part of the overriding structure and system of online delivery of learning and also connecting students who are already in the system to enhance their skills, their job skills. So two things here. One is that we have a large number of students, about 500,000 students, most of whom are very active and this is of course non-comparable to any university in West Africa. So not even talk of Nigeria. Then of these students who also have schemes that ensure their enhanced skills for job placement. Upon graduation or even before graduation, some of these students get placement in the industry or in the organization where they undertake their internship. At the SETL level, that is the African Center of Excellence on Technology and Hands-lessing or learning, we are also proposing internships with laboratories, with factories and so even development of the software that will enhance this, it's part of that scheme. So the National Open University of Nigeria is there for playing a leading role in terms of its structures, in terms of its programs, in terms of its media of delivery. In this case, both analog and also technology-based systems of reaching out to students. And here we use the OER, we use MOOCs and we also use the other systems that are developed by our Learning Content Management Directorate. Cost transfer system. Since morning, our discussion has been hovering around that. At the moment, we are not able to transfer credit. We are not able to even nationalize that. So not many universities can provide opportunities for students to transfer credit or even systems that exist in the country to facilitate international credit transfer by students. I think this is a key message which I have learned from here. This is something I'm taking home. It's going to be part of my report. I'm going to make very strong recommendations on that. Second is the very focus of training. I talk about literacy in terms of technology. I talk about literacy in terms of data. I talk about literacy in terms of human literacy development. These three forms of literacy are very crucial in delivering online training, online job placement. In order not to make it sound like mere mention of technology and all the laboratories and the whole thing is detached from ordinary people who are largely underserved by the current processes of current arrangement. I think that literacy in all the three senses should be able to go down to the level of the people in their various locations like people in the villages, people in the slums of cities, people who are in different geographies that are not directly connected with the internet. So there is the need to therefore deepen internet penetration and the literacy that goes with it in terms of access, in terms of use. This is very key, a message which I think I have also picked from here. One key message for me is the fact that partnership is key to everything, particularly for emerging economies. Most times we are confronted with political instability in terms of leadership deficits. People who lead us today, they initiate programs. When they leave office, tomorrow somebody comes and starts something new. I think it is key to ensure that at the national level and at the international level there is this collaborative relationships to facilitate ongoing revolution. I take it as a revolution, a technological revolution in learning. I think there is no going back on this because the huge challenges out there are enormous to warrant the alternatives be found to answer the questions of people in terms of their desires, aspirations and dreams, to have a qualification and to also get jobs that are actually skill based.