 The world's most honored watch is Laun Jean. Laun Jean watches have won ten World Fair Grand Prizes, twenty-eight gold medals and more honors for accuracy than any other timepiece. Laun Jean, the world's most honored watch, is made and guaranteed by the Laun Jean Wittenall Watch Company. It's time for the Laun Jean Chronoscope, a television journal of the important issues of the hour. Brought to you every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. A presentation of the Laun Jean Wittenall Watch Company, maker of Laun Jean, the world's most honored watch, and Wittenall, distinguished companion to the world-honored Laun Jean. Good evening. This is Frank Knight. May I introduce our co-editors for this edition of the Laun Jean Chronoscope? Mr. William Bradford Huey, editor of the American Mercury, and Mr. Henry Haslett, editor of the Freeman and contributing editor of Newsweek Magazine. Our distinct guest for this evening is the honorable John Foster Dulles, United States Ambassador-at-Large. The opinions expire necessarily those of the speakers. Mr. Dulles, you are known to all Americans as the chief architect and representative of the bipartisan foreign policy, and as the man who's done most to shape the Japanese peace treaty. Now, my understanding is that most of your official work and connection with that treaty is over, and that your present activities are mainly concerned with acting as consultant to members of the Senate who want to ask questions about the treaty. Is that about right? Yeah, that's about right, Mr. Haslett. We worked for a year negotiating the treaty, then it was signed by 49 nations. Now we've had the hearings before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. We worked out a declaration that the treaty does not in any way give effect to the Yalta agreement, which some people fear it might be the case. The treaty has been recommended by a 13 to nothing vote by the Foreign Relations Committee now to wait Senate action. I'm available for consultation with any senators who want to talk about it. Well, with a 13 to nothing vote from the committee, it looks as if the prospects for endorsement for ratification are pretty bright. Well, I think so too. I like to think so. But we've had good Senate backing all the way through because from the very beginning, I felt that the senators should be brought in on the consultation with this, and we've had consultation from the beginning. It isn't a case of just bringing them in at the end. Mr. Dulles, you have a splendid reputation for objectivity among most Americans, and I'm sure that our audience tonight would like your views on the general world situation. Now, sir, in your opinion, are we stronger this year as against Russia than we were last year? I think probably not. It's pretty hard to judge those things, but my estimate would be that the tide is still running against us. Everywhere I look around the world, the question is, what maybe we're going to lose next, you know, and we seem to be on the defensive and that they're on the offensive. The question is, what are we going to lose each year more than what are we going to gain? You can look around the whole circle of the world, and you find one spot after another after another after another, where the question is, are we going to lose this bit of the free world? Is it going to be Iran, or is it going to be Egypt, or is it going to be Indochina, or is it going to be Korea, or what's it going to be? Yes, sir. Now, our people have been in this position for so long, and it seems so hopeless, and there's been so much negativism. Now, sir, do you see any way by which we can reverse this process so that we can gain hope again in America? Absolutely and convinced that we can do it. And how can we do it, sir? Well, we've been entirely negative in our approach. We've lost a good old-fashioned American dynamism. When we were a little nation and just were getting started, we stood for something so vital and so dramatic and exciting in the world that everybody, everywhere wanted to follow our example. We were the dynamic force in the world. And then the despots were all wondering what they were going to lose next, and then you had a terrific despotism, again led by Russian leader. It's useful to remember, Tsar Alexander was the great, most powerful potentate in the world, and his power stretched all around the world, down into Mexico, into South America. And what happened then? The question was what they were going to lose, and they finally were driven back, back and back, and we can recapture that American spirit. Well, Mr. Dulles, what specifically would you recommend doing, let's say in China, take a specific example? What do you think we ought to do concretely now in regard to China? The first thing is to make clear, as I said, testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, that we have a positive policy that we do not accept as permanent this commonization of the Chinese mainland. Good many people out there wonder about that. They're not quite convinced as to what our real intentions are. Many people who would be with us are lying low because they don't really trust our intentions adequately. We must clear up that doubt and make clear what our intentions are, then opportunity after opportunity will be created, in my opinion. By such actions as sending help to the guerrilla forces on the mainland and giving further help to Chiang Kai-shek? I believe that we should give help and comfort to people anywhere, particularly in China, I don't say particularly in China, you're asking me about China, who are resistant to communism. I don't think we want to have a war because a war is a thing upon which communism thrives and breeds. But we certainly can give the thing which is needed most of all is moral aid and comfort. You talk to these people, I've talked to some of them, you take the nationalists on the Formosa. The thing they need most is moral support, more even than economic aid or even in material aid. We are giving a considerable amount of material and economic, military and economic aid there. The thing that's lacking is the quality I would try to bring in, which is more of a hopeful purposeful spirit of dynamism. They want to be sure we're on their side. They want to be sure we're on their side and they want the moral comfort that comes with that. I believe it was Tom Payne who once contributed the statement that the cause of America is the cause of mankind. You think it might be hopeful if we would start with a declaration that we Americans are going to aid the cause of freedom throughout the world again? I think it's well time that we should make that clear again. As long as we stood for that in the world, we were on the offensive, the despotron, the defensive, we were secure. During that 100 years, there was no peril to this country. We've only begun to have our peril during the last 50 years when we've become rich and strong and fat and more interested in keeping the things we had than in giving other people freedom. That's the danger point for us. Well, Mr. Delos, I'd like to get back to some specific questions on this Japanese peace treaty. Now, one thing that's been, one question that's been raised is this. It's been feared that the Japanese will very much need trade with China and because of this need for trade that they'll be tempted to recognize and deal with the Chinese communists. Do you have any comment to make on that? Yes, you've got 85 million people almost on Japan, pretty barren islands. They can't grow their own food or their own material for clothing or anything of that sort. They've got to live some way. Now, there are plenty of opportunities for them to live and to live well in trade with Southeast Asia and other parts of the world. They don't have to trade with China. They have not traded with China for the last five years to mount anything, and they've improved their economic condition tremendously. Now, if the free world is irresponsible and cuts Japan out from all of their markets, then the Japanese will be faced with a hard choice. They'll either have to play along with communism or starve to death. They don't like communism. They hate Russia. They don't want to do it. And they will not do it unless I think irresponsible economic policies by the free nations virtually kicked them into the arms of the communists. Mr. Dulles, you, once again, coming back to your reputation for objectivity, you've had perhaps the best chance to study the results that we have obtained in Japan through five years of occupation policy. Specifically, you studied carefully the record of General MacArthur. Now, would you like to give our audience your appraisal of General MacArthur's work in the Orient? Yes, I think that he did a perfectly amazing job in Japan. There's never in history been an occupation which has been as fruitful as that was. He combined magnanimity with justice. He gained the respect of the people and he brought the Japanese people along very far, I think, on the road of being genuine, self-governing people. He introduced many reforms. He talked about the land reforms of the communists, the land reforms that MacArthur put through in Japan were infinitely superior to anything that's been done in the communist countries. And a good bill of rights and labor unions began to take hold. It was an amazing job. And he inspired this peace treaty. We never would have had this peace treaty that you talk about if General MacArthur, when I was over there, with the Secretary of Defense Johnson, who was then Secretary of Defense and General Bradley in June 1950, it was a talks that we had there with General MacArthur and MacArthur's conviction that the occupation had come to its normal end and we should give the Japanese back their freedom independence. That is the thing that inspired this peace treaty. Speaking of bipartisanship against you, you think that as a nation we might very well take bipartisan pride in what we did in Japan during those five years. It's a magnificent record that we can be proud of. Mr. Dulles, because we own this program here so much that's not hopeful, I would like for us to come back again to this point. Do you expect that we Americans can do something hopeful? And do you think that we will do something hopeful for the world in the way of enunciating a new policy? I'm absolutely convinced, Mr. Hewitt, that we can't. We've been looking at this whole world picture through the wrong end of the telescope. We just see our own troubles, our own weaknesses, and the other fellow looks strong and solid and invulnerable. But if we turn the telescope around and look at it the right way, we would see the amazing resources that we have, the hope that we can inspire in people. We would see the oppression of the despotism there, in fact, even within Russia there are 15 million people in captive prison camps. They're only ruled by terrorism. Why that situation ought to be a pushover. It would have been a pushover in the old days. Well, Mr. Dulles, I'm sure that our audience very much appreciates this hopeful message of yours. Thank you, sir, for being with us. The editorial board for this edition of the Launcine Chronoscope was Mr. William Bradford Hewitt and Mr. Henry Haslett. Our distinguished guest was the Honorable John Foster Dulles, United States Ambassador-at-Large. The, with pleasure, it is that we announce that Launcine has been honored by appointment as exclusive official watch for the Olympic Winter Games at Oslo in Norway. Now, this is the most exacting of all sports timing assignments for the major events are, after all, all a contest between a man and a watch. Now, this is an assignment which Launcine undertakes with confidence for the accuracy of Launcine watches, like this Launcine Olympic Timer, like the accuracy of all types of Launcine watches, has been demonstrated by the most exacting observatory accuracy trial. So to you who own a Launcine watch and to you who hope to own one, the exciting Winter Olympic Games at Oslo will take on new meaning for their time with your watch, Launcine, and no other name on a watch means so much. Launcine, the world's most honored watch, exclusive official watch for the 1952 Olympic Winter Games, premier product of the Launcine Witner Watch Company since 1866, maker of watches of the highest character. We invite you to join us every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday evening at this same time for the Launcine Chronoscope, a television journal of the important issues of the hour, broadcast on behalf of Launcine, the world's most honored watch, and webinar distinguished companion to the world's honored Launcine, sold and serviced from coast to coast and 4,000 leading jurors who proudly display this emblem, Agency for Launcine Witner Watches. This is Frank Knight speaking. This is the CBS television network.