 I think civil services provides a unique opportunity through which one can contribute to the process of nation building and also it's a good career opportunity. And what qualities will you bring to this job? Sir, I think I'm a person of principles, so I possess the requisite honesty and integrity. And since I'm a student of literature, the empathy that a student of literature possesses would be of help in civil services. So honesty, empathy, these are good qualities, honesty is the best quality. But you need something more, some other additional qualities. Or holding these jobs, you know, ISIP as the first two choices. Think of them. The leadership skills. Leadership skills, or leadership qualities. Now what are those qualities, can you think of? The leadership qualities. The leadership qualities. The leadership qualities. The ability to lead. The ability to lead. The ability to lead and motivate, right? Yes. How do you do that? What is the best way of doing it? By engaging all the stakeholders in a process. You involve all the stakeholders and you have to have that on. You have to be able to manage your management job and all the stakeholders. You have to have 2,000 cobs under you. You will try to engage everyone. How will you engage? Think of something else. Alright, then fine. Would you like to? Yes. Mr. Chahar, have you heard of the Right to Information Act? Yes, sir. What are the objectives of this act? The transparency that it could bring in the process of governance is the major objective. The accountability of the people in office for holding office. That's another objective of the RTI Act. Now, supposing you seek information under the Right to Information Act. Yes. Can the government department deny certain information? Yes, some of the information which are necessary to hold the integrity of the nation, which are classified in nature. That's the government. Is it exemptions are given in the RTI Act itself? Yes, sir. Regarding the international relations. Yes. And also, are there any organizations which are exempt from the purview of the Right to Information Act? I'm not sure of the organizations. There are. There's a schedule too under which the organizations which are exempted basically intelligence and security agencies are there. Now, recently in the newspapers there's a report about some criticism of selection of the Information Commission. Did you read about that? No, sir. Oh, sorry. Now, there is a Central Information Commission. Yes, sir. What is the goal of the Central Information Commission? Central Information Commission gets its powers from the RTI Act. And it is the main body which comes under the ambit of RTI Act and ensures that the information which a person sees from the government department's offices are given in a defined time period. Does it have an opinion rule or not? The CIC. If you don't get information from the government department, whom do you complain? Probably the CIC but I'm not sure. CIC. The second appeal lies to the CIC. So the primary role of the CIC is the appellate body. Appellate body. And then, of course, the overseeing function is also there. You heard of the talks between India and Pakistan relating to the Kartakur side corridor. Kartakur corridor. Yes. What is the purpose of this corridor? Since it's the 550th anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev Ji in November. So the Kartakur corridor enables the believers of Sikh religion in particular to visit the place where Guru Nanak Dev Ji spent 18 years of his life. What do you think was the reason why the initiative was taken by Pakistan? Do you think it is an anterior motive or is it too mental? It could be, sir. They could be because, as they say, the Kalislam referendum was to take place in 2020. So there could be anterior motives. But on the face of it, there does not seem to be a reason. Correct. Now, Pune hosted a very major sporting event recently. You know India Youth Games. Yes. Are you aware of that? No, sir. Okay. Okay, let's take something else. You know this issue of appointment of state DGPs? Yes. This is the matter is with the Supreme Court. Supreme Court has given certain directions. The state governments have given this. Few of them, five of them have given their reports. What is the Supreme Court direction on this? Supreme Court and Propassion judgment upheld that the people like senior postings in police like DGP should the panel before the incumbent DGP retires, the panel has to, sorry, the state government has to submit the names of certain police officers in higher position whom they consider for the grant of DGP to the UPSC. And UPSC would then... UPSC would make the panel. UPSC would make the panel and the government would be chosen. Now, do you think this is right? Because the state governments say that law and order is a state subject and therefore the choice of the DGP should be left to us. Sometimes because the politicization takes over, then such a step is right, provided, yes, the division of separation of power is not heard. Now this, on the issue of Lokpal, Anna Hazare has given a, he has announced that he is going to go on a hunger strike from 30th of January. Why, what is the reason for that? Is it because of the Lokpal issue? Why is it being delayed? The reasons for delay as they cite is because the leader of opposition is not... Has the Supreme Court in the last few days given some direction? It is said that you still must appoint a Lokpal, a clear respect to Lokpal. Thank you. Okay, Sannu, you have read Marx? Yes. Marx, you know, says something about class struggle. You have read Gandhiji also. Sorry. Gandhiji? Yes. Gandhiji never advocated for struggle, class struggle. What is exactly their point of difference? And how Gandhiji becomes that? The coexistence of the rich and poor. Yes, yes. Sir, while Marx states that there are two, basically two major classes, haves and have-nots. And the cycle of time would unfold in such a way that the have-nots will have to overthrow the haves and come to the position of power which he owns the state of communism that would occur. A classless society. Communism is different. When they overthrow it is the dictatorship of the proletariat. Yes. Then only communism. Communism and there would be a classless society. On the other hand, Gandhiji did not advocate violence as Marx did. No, but how? How he could reconcile this? That they could coexist the rich and the poor in the society could coexist. Because Gandhiji had something but he never advocated violence. Yes. No struggle between them. So what exactly he said? Regarding the reconciliation of the rich and the poor. Probably he said, the Gandhian talisman as it says that the rich should exist but in any action that one takes one should consider that will it have an effect on the until there or the last man so on. Trusteeship theory. Trusteeship theory, yes. They should hold their will in trust. Yes. Because we are a part of this society. Okay. Let me come to some other point. Some other topic. Have you read Ramachandra Guha's India after Gandhi? No, sir. I haven't read that. Okay. Have you read Amit Srinivas? Amit Srinivas. Amit Srinivas? Yes, sir. Yes. Amit? Yes. Okay. So he has mentioned about the role of caste in politics. Yes, sir. The role of caste in politics. So why they say, Amit Srinivas and many such that in India they don't cast their vote but they vote they are cast. Yes. What is the underlying meaning? So there are historical reasons to it because caste is such an embedded, yes. The caste structure is embedded in Indian society in such a way that it plays a crucial role when people vote. Though it is changing in some sections of society of late but predominantly it's the caste which influences. Probably because the hierarchy of our society is based on the verna system. Even the occupational differentiation is based on the verna system which decides the caste. So that is the reason why people are so, people connect everything to caste. I am not saying why caste system is persisting. Why they vote they are cast? That means voting is mostly on caste lines. Why? Because they would expect that a representative of their own caste would give certain benefits to them if they come to power which a person who is not of their own caste might not empathize with them. That is why they want people of their own caste to come to power. Deeply embedded. Correctly mentioned. Yes. And then go in that line. Okay. Modernization of Indian tradition. Yes. Is there a book by that name? Yes, there is. Who has written this? I am not sure. I don't know. The author sir. Modernization. Okay. Jogendra Singh, yes. Jogendra Singh. Must have read it. Yes. The book I have not read. About. Why they call of modernization of Indian tradition? What are the traditions which have been modernized? The Indian traditions that Jogendra Singh talks of. I am not very sure but I am not trying to. Because you are a sociologist today. You may not also study Jogendra Singh but I know that they have been mentioned in all sociologists books. Yes. So the Indian tradition that he talks of could be, I am not sure because of caste and class. So he is talking of the modernization of the caste and class. No. You see Indian tradition. Yes. They say that caste is one. Family. Marriage is. Yes. And how in the moderns. It is. Modern days. Things have changed. Taste. And what are the changes? Yes. That you are going to study. Yes. Okay. One more question. You know regarding the citizenship amendment deal. Yes. There is a protest in Nazis. Yes. Yes. Other parts of it. But Nazis there is not a protest. Almost all are Nazis in states. Yes. What is the reason? So because of the citizenship amendment deal they said. They say that the provision of Assam accord would be diluted and there would be a demographic change. Because we would allow. That is in Assam. Yes. But even other Nazis in states are opposing. Because the cut off date which was decided in Assam accord. That is correct. Yes. In March 1971 now it is something else. Yes. How they reconcile that. But that is one of the, you know, entire Nazi states in France. Because of the protesting. Because the fear of the demographic change. The demographic change of culture. Chains. Not getting jobs. All these parts. Yes. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. You organized. Yes. What did you do in that? In you know here. Yes. In MCMDV College where I studied. So it was a two-day event. What happened? And the activities. After that the activities. There were two book launches. Of one was an author from Shunla. There was an author from Chandigarh itself. And we organized a youth parliament. And there were other speakers too who came and addressed the students. Recently there was a, I mean literally a festival. Where one of our dignitaries was called. And then she, the invitation was withdrawn. Any idea who it was and why? Nayankara said it. Yes. And why was the invitation withdrawn? What was the reason given? I am not sure of the theory called now. Because she was one of those who was involved with the. About what? Labs. Okay. Now you also meditate. Yes. What sort of meditation do you do? I cut his guide with meditation. I joined an organization where they give certain video recordings. And audio recordings to which you listen. And then you focus on your own thoughts. And think about your thoughts on your own. Thoughts. On your thoughts. But if you are focusing on your thoughts, your thoughts go to all places. Then how do you meditate? Because when you consciously think about your thoughts, your thoughts tend to slow down. So that's where you can direct your thoughts. Give me an example of how will you meditate? For instance, at any point of time there are hundreds of thoughts going on. Give me one example. So, for example, you will detach your own self and try to think what you are thinking. In that process. Okay. So you are from Pachayana? Yes. Pachayana? Yes. Can you give me some positives and a negative of your perspective? The positives are that since it's the district which has a lot of tourist potential. So there are various circuits like this heritage circuit. And there's a lot of scope for people to come and buy certain products which are specific to Pachayana. Like this Punjabi 2P as in saying. The negatives are that a lot of population is dependent to an agriculture. And the farmers are in a position of distress as you know. So the joblessness that is created because of the migration of rural population who are unable to get jobs in the farms is creating a problem in harmony as it is. So when you talk of migrations, there are large number of people migrating from Pachayana. Which are the places they generally migrate to? Is it only within the country or even outside? Which places? Canada. Why Canada? Because it is quite open to receiving people in the present situation. So when people migrate, there are what is known as the push factors and the pull factors. Can you mention some of these? Push factors would be as I mentioned the farm distress. Since the agriculture sector is not diversified as it should. So people are planning to migrate. As far as pull factors are concerned, the economic opportunities and the minimum wage that is fixed in Canada on an early basis attracts the attention of the youth in particular which pulls them to migrate. So what are the effects of migration on those who migrate and those who are young? As far as youth migration is concerned, the effect on a personal level is that they tend to get better employment opportunities and now there is a substantial number of Punjabi populations so there is not much of a cultural problem. On a societal level, we are getting short of our demographic dividend as the same. We would not be able to extract the best out of it. But also when the youth moves out, let's say, into a matter city in the country, there is also a problem of housing. So then what happens? The problem of housing you are talking in the country from where they migrate. For example, personal migrants in the problem of the village to the urban areas when they migrate, what happens? Yes, there is a ghettoization and creation of slums on the periphery of the urban. So what does that lead to? Any problems? Social problems? Yes. What sort of problems? For example, sanitation is not appropriate. Yes. Then there is problem of, would you say this leads to crime also? Yes. So overcrowding leads to certain problems. My last question, since you did cultural studies, what did you study under cultural studies? Our cultural studies, it was six months in which I studied cultural studies. So we studied how different cultures are integrated. Not necessarily what the culture of a particular area comprises, but how different people perceive certain cultures or what comprises of a culture. So did you also study the cultures within the different states of the country? No, it was all international authors. None of them was an Indian author. Thank you. Thank you. Mr. Apat. Yes. Recently, government of India, waiting for 10% reservation in economic retinue. As a student of sociology, how do you look at this? Sir, I think we have to go back to the basic ideal where bi-reservation came in. The reservation came in because we wanted to uplift certain costs, which was socially different and not economically different. So as the historical reason in the present reservation, because the reservation was essentially meant to be the upliftment of the social backwardness and not the economic backwardness, but nonetheless it was an affirmative action which will, as they say, bring out economically weaker sections of the upper past. So it is a positive move. But the predominant ideal, while the reservation started in the beginning, does not hold good in this. You mentioned of the agrarian stress in particular, I think, that distinct. Last year, government of India, waiting for one member. How do you look at that? Did it bring in any amount of... Sir, the paper was for small and marginal farmers. And it was an institutional loan waiver. The institutional loans which people take from the state for their films. But it is a mere palliative measure in a short term and does not hold good in the long term. First of all, because it has to do with fiscal problems in this state. Secondly, because it is not the go-to situation. How much of a loan was made from that? Around 2 lakh farmers were there. I think the amount was very, very marginal. Around 2 lakh farmers were benefited, but I don't know the amount to that. And also we need structural reforms that will happen in the long term and not the farm loan waivers which is valid. The concept of ease of doing business. How significant is that and have we met any progress in that? The ease of doing business will ensure that the investments that are coming to our country increase. Which operation called this concept? Which operation? Small bank. So it would attract FBI influence in the country and that would be a boost for every economy as well. That would create jobs also. What are the parameters that go into computation of... I don't know for few, sir. The clearances, the single window clearances and how effective is the... In the areas in which we have met some progress. In ease of doing business. The clearances part is we have made improvements. Secondly, through insolvency and bankruptcy code we have made improvements in how a company can, in a faster way, resolve its crisis. So that's where it will be. GST? Yes, GST also because we have come with lesser slabs of taxes. That's the last question. Student of English literature. This year, Gampit Agar was given to an Indian author in English. What is his name? Amitapur. Have you read any of his books? Yes, I have read one, sir. What is the general thing that you also read? I just read one with the shadow lines in which the backdrop is of two partitions. One is India Partition and the second is the Partition of Pakistan which is a registration of accommodation. And how... There's an underlying theme of how different people interpret partition into food life. Thank you. What is the growth rate of Punjab? As per recent reports, it's 6.2%. And in human development index, where does it stand among the states? The rank, I'm not aware, but it's 0.7%. Yes, that's right. Number 8. What are the sociological factors which lead to crime? So first of all, it's the caste. Secondly, it's the class. And thirdly, it's... Class also leads to crime. Yes, lower classes which are unequal to earn well and friend for themselves might be led towards crime. And are you not talking of the caste? You are talking of the classes. I'm talking of both, sir. Because in our society, caste and class are quite intertwined. So usually lower castes are also... Class or class. What else? It could be destructions in family. Family destructions. Disruption in family can take place. It may not take place. There are some ingrained factors in the society. Poverty is not... Poverty, yes. I'm employed as well. And I love it. Patriarchy. Patriarchy definitely is. You think in Macon India is succeeding? Yes, sir. Macon India is succeeding to a good extent. In what way? Sir, through Macon India, we've been able to invite different investors in our country. And that has led to... Where rich investors have come from as well? Major investors. I'm not sure of the names, sir. Sorry. What was the purpose of Macon India? So that our people get jobs. And our... And also our manufacturers can supply the raw materials. Manufacturing could provide raw materials. I've heard of this. Ancillary industries would provide the raw materials. Yes, raw materials. Manufacturing, providing raw materials. Raw materials is provided from the coal mines, etc. The second piece. Manufacturing is different. The purpose was that India would become a manufacturing hub. And we would take our contribution of manufacturing from the present 16 or 17 to 25. Yes, sir. Right? Yes, sir. And we would produce wildflowers and we would become an export hub also. That was the purpose. So no progress has been made. Where is the progress? Except in telecom. Some Chinese farms or these Samsung, etc. They have established their mobile companies. Automobile sector was already good. So it is also thriving. These are the only two areas. How much FDI is coming in India in 17 or 18? If you don't... I'm not sure you will not know how much of it went into manufacturing. Because that was the purpose, actually. People invest in India and then... So you have to think of this. Now, there's one major source of revenue in India. That is called remittances. What is it and how much we got in 17 or 19? Remittances is the amount that India receives or the Indian families receive in the form of cash inflow from members of the family who have gone abroad and they are earning outside India. The amount of remittances which were received in 17 or 18 I'm not sure of the figures. Who is the biggest recipient of remittances in the world? Of the country, right? It's India, I believe. India, you're right. If you were made the DM of Bhatiala, are you from Bhatiala? Yes. What are the most pressing problems of the common man that you will solve? As far as rural areas are concerned, the problem is of farm discharge and there is no stabilization of farming sectors just required because the quantity of Punjab is mainly reliant on agriculture and that has reached its saturation. The productivity is not increasing anywhere. So farm distress is what you will take care of? Yes. How will you take care of it as a deal? Through proper implementation of the schemes that the government of India has made. Which are those schemes? Like E-NAM is one of them. E-NAM? Yes. The second would be... What is E-NAM meant for? E-NAM is reformed in the marketing process of the agricultural output. Agreed. But what does it do? It connects the markets. It connects the farmer to the market. Yes. Online. Online. Are you aware how many farmers, what percentage of farmers are able to use internet for getting information in Punjab? Pointless. Pointless. Then what is the use of creating a facility which no one knows how to use? Even an alternative farmer like me cannot, don't know where to find a mandate for my activities. Probably there are several groups and... You have to take care of it before answering these questions. Farm distress, what are the projects going in your state? Orally, farm distress. What is the state of unemployment? In Punjab. The percentage, I'm not sure of the figures. But the unemployment is on the rise. Is it on the rise? Yes. So would you not take care of it? Yes. How will you take care? What are the schemes? First of all, Mandreka is one of the schemes... Mandreka. ...to which 100 days of employment are provided. No, that everyone knows. But you can use Mandreka. Mandreka is one. Alright. Any other scheme which you can think of to help the poor? I cannot think of any other scheme. What does food security scheme provide? It provides food grains and... At what rate? At rupees 2 per kg of wheat flour. One wheat flour, wheat. One wheat flour, wheat flour, you think you are there to know yourself. And also, dhal and sattva. Dhal? Yes, big and dhal. Atta and dhal are seen there. Three types of wheat. Rice, wheat and poor scaling. Poor scaling. So at what rate it is provided? And at what scale to the family? Five persons. If there are in the household, there are five persons. Then it's a... Not sure of the exact amount. 25 kg. 25 kg. Perfect. Alright. We close the interview. Thank you, sir. When is your interview? It's only 26. 26. This is your first interview? Yes. First interview. You are fresh from college? Yes. So you have done very well. You have been into a hundred questions. But I think you need to strengthen your facts. Okay. Your facts are missing. Okay. And these are the areas where you should know, like when you kill, you said, you don't know something is happening. DGP, local, then of course, Karl Marx, Kraske, elections. These are social, social, sociological factors, modernization of Indian traditions. Then, Tara Seigl, and pushful factors, specialities, studies, etc. Then we came to some important issues of current affairs, minister of citizenship, amendment, and loan waivers. These are doing business. Then I asked you about remittances and FDI. Then what are the schemes running for welfare of the people in the district? That was usual. This question can be asked directly, what are the schemes running? Or if you are a collector, which scheme will you? So you check up these schemes. There are plenty of schemes. So take care of those schemes like education, there is this mid-term aid scheme. Then for women and child, there is an integrated child development scheme. So those schemes, BDSU will strengthen. So these are some things. E-NOW, if you want to know, these are some important things. If you don't have time, you can go and search on the internet. Then you can go to Kishmandi. So read on these things. Sir, you have seen a lot about Punjab. We have asked you about the growth rate. It is low. 6.21. It stands at number 16. It is 70-80. Please know about the growth rate. As per the reports that came out yesterday, I think it is big heart. We have mostly problem. Not at number 2. It stands at number 3. This is 70-80. Not at number 3. Okay, all right. It is nice to read. Thank you. Thanks.