 So today we are doing the third class on the open course on groundwater modeling with mudflow and model muse. And you can use the chat to introduce yourself from which country you are. And we will use the chat later to answer your questions. I'll give the floor to Sol Montoya who will give you the third class. So the floor is yours. Okay. Thank you Hans. Once again, it is amazing to work with to have this opportunity to do things together on the open mindness that is collaboration is key. So we are going to start. Okay, but before starting on the course I want to give an introduction to our blog that is a, and I want to be humble on that but it's one of the best sources to know groundwater modeling available. And it was not really my intention. I mean, I really love what we do but it is one of the latest, it's one of the most full sources on groundwater modeling. Okay, I will share my screen. Sorry, I missed that. So, and then what is the purpose of this blog? The purpose of this blog is mostly to discover new things on open source software. Okay. For example, yesterday I have created and I have posted a tutorial on how to create boronoi meshes on Python and Sci-Fi and these boronoi meshes are geospatial. I mean, those can be generated with Chef files or GeoEasons and this is an input for a new, for a, this V, I mean, this K-type or Vertex option of mode flow six that has no graphical user interface. Okay, I'm working on that or I'm doing research on that. The process can be also applied for anything. I mean, if you have an hydrological model, then if you have any other source of model, you can also do the same process or like if you want to see your basin more pretty, like you can, for example, if you want to see, to have this characterization of your basin, you can do it as well. But this is somehow the purpose of what we do. We do a lot of tutorials. We have a lot of online courses that you can take it as well. And we hope that you can find them useful and then you can join with us. We have a bullet, we have a newsletter that what you can sign up here. We have as well the social networks and so on. So I think that we are, and well, this is mostly in our side, but we are leading, we have a strong leading role of sharing, applying knowledge on groundwater modeling. I mean, and our format is not the, our format is not the paper. I mean, we are really against the paper because, okay, the paper is fine, but there is a lot of things to talk about groundwater modeling but are more related on capacity building, okay? And this is what we, that is what we like. We want to master on that. And then we are really, really deep into know your opinion and your, and anything that we can improve, we will improve, okay? Okay, so besides of that, we are going to start with the class of day three and we are going to work with the package program. So we open this model news, model news. Okay, so we are going to create a new workflow model. Everybody goes to create a new foot model, okay? And then next, we are going to say model from day three, enters unit and next, okay, this is just to, this is just to improve the, this is just to, just declarative as I told you. Next, okay? In this part, for this course, we are going to leave the same. Why? Because this part is related, is mostly related to talk about the different package available in, I'm sorry, okay? This is mostly related to talk about the different, the different package available in modflow six, okay? And okay, and this comes that there are, another package that are available in modflow 2005, where we are, we are going to be very, we are going to be very trying to come, we are going to try to cover both. I mean, what is in modflow six and what is modflow 2005? Because as it's not like Python three and Python two, it's not the same as Python three and Python two because there is still a lot going on with modflow 2005 that in the near future, I mean, in the near five years won't be on modflow six, okay? So, okay, so here we have, we, here we have. Okay, so everybody please go to model and modflow package and programs. Everybody goes to model and goes to modflow package and programs. Model, modflow package and programs, okay? And if you are here, please type yes one. If you are here, please type yes one. So, okay. In modflow 2005, you have at least two flow package. There was even three, but let's talk about two. There was the LTF and the VCF, layer property flow and block-centered flow, okay? But here in modflow six, they have changed. So you have the NPF that is the node property flow, node property flow, where node property flow package, where it is, where kind of insert new things to the equation, which are the new things. Like is these XT3D options that they are related to anisotropy, yeah? The conductance calculation in between unconfined cells, yeah? It has the option of Perch aquifer. Actually, there is a tutorial on Perch aquifers in the description. There is a exercise of Perch aquifers on the description. On my point of view, I haven't done anything on Perch aquifers, okay? Then you can set horizontal anisotropy and vertical anisotropy for us with, well, I mean, you can define this anisotropy as well in that data and data sets, okay? Well, okay, so I hope that you are with me. This is all the options available with Modemuse in order that you can tweak or you can customize the node property flow. Then there comes the storage package, okay? And this is kind of, well, very, very much flow six, yeah? Okay, as you might know, when you are working with aquifers where the groundwater levels, the pumping, where the groundwater levels or the pumping levels or the river stages or the drainage to the flow to the drains change over time, you are talking about that transient, a transient model. If not the steady state, it will be transient. However, when you are working on transient, the model requires that besides the hydraulic conductivity, the Darcy hydraulic conductivity, you insert something else that is called the storage package, okay? And the storage package is the reflects of the amount of water release or the amount of water that went into the groundwater system with time, okay? With time, okay? So this is, if you are going to work in transient conditions, in Modflow six, you have to check this. That is different of Modflow 2005 because in Modflow 2005, you just need in time to change it to transient and then you will have it in transient, okay? In my opinion, in my opinion, and something that is in our mind is that Modflow six, modern muse, challenge itself to go to fulfill the Modflow 2005 and to fulfill Modflow six. That's why, and it is needed, another graphical user interface, only for Modflow six, okay? Because these things, and then if you are learning, and then maybe if you are on your first steps in hydrogeology, this is not very clear, okay? And then if we don't provide very, if we don't provide very first experience to our students, the students won't be engaged in doing, I mean, as a percentage, the students won't be engaged in doing further research, okay? Great. The horizontal flow barrier is a package that is installed in Modal Muse. For example, what is an horizontal flow barrier? Let's see if you have, how do you say? Wall, impermeable wall, but this impermeable wall is something when you do drain, for example, if you want to do a construction, on the construction, you have to, you will, for example, in the Netherlands, you drain and then you find a water table, no? And then in order to decrease the water table, you will need to pump, but sometimes you create this slab, it's called a slab, slab walls, slab walls for drainage. Let me check if I can get a, okay, yeah, something like this. So let's see, okay, here is a, this is the slab, okay? This is impermeable retaining wall where you have the water table here, but somehow you have a drainage piping system and so on, but this is impermeable, okay? If you want to model this impermeable flow barrier, you can use this package, okay? That this package was meant to, okay? Actually, it's also in Modflow 2005, I do not have experienced that. Maybe where I am, the water table is far below, but for your case, it can be of much use, okay? If you are here with me, please type yes to, if you have any questions, this is the time that you do questions, and so please you are invited to do questions, okay? So we can answer, okay? So if you are here with me, please type yes to, if the sound is okay, type sound okay. So, and I assume that if you don't have any questions, so all that I have explained is amazing and is right, and I will leave this class with a happy face on my screen, but don't make me a happy face, so just drop in your questions, okay? Great, so let's do, let's go to the work to the, let's do, let's go to the boundary conditions, let's do the specify head. Okay, in another groundwater softwares, and maybe even in the, in the, in the, in some books, you will find that the boundary, what is a boundary condition? A boundary condition is, okay, if you are noting this in a book, in a notebook or something, just take this note. What is a boundary condition? A boundary condition is, is any process of the hydrological cycle, okay, that has an impact on the groundwater flow, okay? Any process that is happening on the porous media that has an impact on the groundwater flow is a boundary condition. For example, you can have recharge, recharge is, is, recharge is related to the groundwater flow. For example, evapotradition pumping is related to groundwater flow, but, but for example, temperature, is temperature really a key, key thing or like a key factor, key process that will affect the groundwater flow, it might be, but it's actually not defined or at least in hearing mode flow, we is, it cannot be considered because there is no options to do temperature dependent flow model, okay? So temperature is not a process. So what does it mean that, and there is another question, does all factors are considered in mode flow six? No, only a couple of, only a list of them, but the list of boundary conditions are the most comprehensive for at least the most used, okay? Really, yeah, so let's start. So on the documentation, you have boundary conditions of first types, second time and third type, but in this case, and it's more clear to it, and they also talk about Newman, Dishlet and combined, okay? It's more simple, and I don't know why they name it as Newman because, or Dishlet is a specified head, you can, okay, you can use this classification, specified head, specified flux, and head dependent flux, okay? So on the specified head, you have the THD, okay? Actually, if you work with mode flow 2005, you can have the horizontal flow barrier as a specified head. I don't know why it appears there, but it's there, okay? So you have a specified head as a THD, then you have a specified flux as the recharge package, okay? So what is the recharge, okay? And this is the other, this is another topic. Recharge is the amount, okay, according to the documentation because as well the recharge definition is not the same. Recharge is the amount of water from infiltration that reach the water table, okay? So when water from infiltration reach, reach, and this is the concept, has to reach the water table, then it's recharge, okay? As long as this infiltration is on soil, as a soil moisture, it's not recharging. Soil moisture is infiltration red, it's even net infiltration, but it's not recharge, okay? It has happened to me because we have to be clear around the concept, okay? Because otherwise, not really when you construct, when you build your model, but when you explain the concepts to your advisors, when you display the concepts to your clients or the general population, that recharge, if you are not clear about the concept, you will have some conflicts, okay, believe me. Okay, so according to the definition, recharge is always vertical because recharge is defined by gravity. And as long as I know gravity goes downwards from the sky to the center of the earth, okay? So this is recharge, recharge is in that direction. But why? Because sometimes you will find this creative, you will find these creative concepts and some avant-garde definition that say lateral recharge, okay? And lateral recharge is actually related to regional flow. Is regional flow, is water, what is gums in from the upper parts of the basin or what comes in from the other parts of your aquifers, okay, that is regional flow. And regional flow is defined in mode flow six as general head boundary, okay? However, this is the general head boundary, but in our case, we recharge is only vertical, okay? So this is, I hope that the definition, if the definition of recharge, it is clear so far, please type just three, otherwise I explained it, okay? So, okay, please type just three, if you get the real definition or at least the definition of recharge in the Ingram Water Modeling, okay? Yeah, okay. Then we have the well package. What is the well package? The well package is the simulate what is the, pumping or injections through wells. And there is a difference in between the well package and the multi aquifer well package, okay? Because you have seen two here, okay? But what is the difference? Okay, for example, if you are going to design a pumping well, if you are going to drill the well and you are going to pump from that, if your drilling depth is 40 meters, most probably you will screen all these 40, I mean, below the water, I mean, in my, so you have, okay, I will do a graph here with the, amazing, such a well, I'm really happy because the last tutorial that I put is this, oh, it was in Linux, okay? So it was the first time that they say, okay, that was the topic was so, so this is the, oh, sorry, what's he doing here? So this is the water, so let's say this is surface, okay? And this is the water table, yeah? So if you drill, if you drill like this, if you drill 40 meters, you will screen your well. So if your drill is 40 meters and the water table is 10 meters, you will screen all of these, these 30 meters will be screened because what you want through pumping is that you will get the maximum yield of the aquifer, okay? However, for example, okay, this is the reality and let's talk about the discretization. I have one layer, I have layer one, layer two and layer three, okay? So we have three layers, okay? One limitation of the well package is that actually the well package is only applied to one layer. So if you define this as a well, it will be applied just in one cell, for example, this or maybe this. So if water comes into, for example, if water, the water that has to discharge in the to the well, for example, from this has to go this direction in order to reach here. And this is not natural. I mean, this is not the best approach to simulate the dynamics related to the well. That is why this multiaquifer well was developed, okay? But this multiaquifer well that was developed actually what they say, it simulates the whole, it simulates the whole and it also distributes the whole depth of the aquifer and distributes the flow rates through the different layers, okay? So, okay, so you will tell me. So yes, so why don't we use the multiaquifer well because it has some issues related to the numerical stability, okay? So the numerical stability of the multiaquifer well is, for example, for me, in my case, on regional flow, I got much problems in to get a solution from by using the multiaquifer well, okay? So if you are, okay, so as, and this is great because as you can see, everything has its pros and cons and it's only the criteria of the groundwater modeler, the groundwater modeler, the one that will select what is best for you. I mean, which is the most, what is the most applicable tool and what are the limitations of the tool? So if you are here with the well explanation and everything was fine, please, yes, four. Okay, great, you are doing amazing. Okay, so here we have, so what is the drain package? The drain package is a, okay, I will do another graph here and I don't know, okay, okay. So what is a drain package? A drain package is you have the surface, this, oh, sorry, this is the aquifer system, okay? And then, for example, this is very, very shallow. This is only one meter, okay? And then you are going to excavate a trench. So with the trench, okay, this is the trench, okay? And then you are going to pump it or you are going to extract it or maybe just in, let's say, in just some bowls and then you are going to take this water out. So this will be a drain and what is the definition of drain is, and for example, you will decrease this to this level, okay? It will decrease the level to this level, okay? So what is the, what is the, what is a drain? A drain is a boundary condition where water can only go get out of the system, get, where water can only get out of the system, okay? Okay, water can only get out of the system, okay? And water cannot get into the system because the drain is only, it's only available for water to get out, okay? And if you have this on your groundwater flow, in your groundwater flow system, you can use drains, okay? For example, in my case, when we are talking about, when we are talking about and the basins and the Andean basins has, for example, I will talk about Andean basins. The problem of Andean basins is that we have such a big difference in elevation, okay? So, and due to different elevation, if we have a river here, these rivers can only take water out of the system because the system, due to this, there is no chance that the system can give to them, can give water to the system. I mean that the level on the river will be higher than the level on the, higher than the water table, okay? And this is why the river systems being Andean basins, and so Andean basins are considered as drains, okay? Okay, there is Mariana that says, I noticed that there is a, in the course notes, the topic on the course notes, if you talk about, for example, I will show you the course notes, and as I told you, these drains are related to Modflow 2005, okay? Yeah, and I don't know if you experienced this with Python 2 and Python 3, you asked, and this is the situation with you. With Modflow 6, it's like you have not two codes, but two versions, and both are available, okay? This is, I mean, if you have more interest because this appears, this has on the, for example, what is in 2005 that is not in Modflow 6 is, okay, I wouldn't, there is the reservoir package, the stream flow route, I know the stream flow route and package. For example, you have two packages for evapotranspiration here, there is only one, but if you go to the commutation, this one also applies, the topic joins the two of Modflow 2005, so there is a lot of things to discuss this in the course, okay? If you are more interested, there is a lot of information on the, that we can, that you can read on the commutation. Okay, so here you have the ETS, that is evapotranspiration segment that, as we have said, the evapotranspiration is, is what is, what is the evapotranspiration? What is the water taking from the plants from the groundwater flow system? And where do you have this in groundwater flow? This is a question for you, so if you have this on, please type it on the chat, okay? So evapotranspiration system is not, I mean, because we have to make it clear that this on the point, okay? So here you have a river, and here you have, so please, if you know where the, where the vegetation can take water, I mean, how those, how are those places called? The name of those places, please drop it on the, drop it on the chat, okay? So here we have, for example, this is, I will, this is the soil zone. This is the soil zone. So this is the place where there is soil, okay? So if here, and in this soil, you have, you have different temporal, you have temporal vegetation, while in these places where the water is really close to the surface, you have permanent vegetation, okay? Yeah, so if precipitation reach here, and it will wet the soil zone, these plants will take water from the soil zone. So this is evapotranspiration, but this is for the representation in the soil zone, okay? Okay, nobody knows. Which is this part where water can take water, where vegetation can take water from the groundwater system? Nobody, please give me a hope, write it on the chat, okay? And in this part where you have permanent vegetation because the water level actually reaches surface, okay? This, the water, I mean, the water that is, I mean, for example, there is no precipitation. Okay, there is a question here, but okay, nobody knows which is this part? Okay, this is called wetlands, okay? So in mudflow, most of the evapotranspiration will happens on wetlands, okay? And the model from the beginning was really powerful in defining the amount and quantifying the amount of precipitation of discharge from wetlands to the atmosphere, okay? Why? Because plants here will take water from the, from the groundwater system and will discharge to the atmosphere, okay? So, and this is how it, how it works. In mudflow 2005, you have two packages for that. Both do different things, but in mudflow six, they have joined those packages and then you have only one. And then Rafael says, why don't we treat depression as a river unless we specify as a drainage? The problem with the difference with river and drain is that in river, you need to know, you need to know the, let's say the water surface and the river and the river surface and the river bottom, okay? While in, you know, on the drain package, you only specify the drain elevation, okay? And sometimes our baselines are so poor that we cannot define which are these two elevations, okay? This is also more on the practicing, okay? You can do the model with the river package but the river package require more parameters and sometimes our baselines are not so detailed, okay? So, if you are here and then if you understand how the evapotranspiration works, please type just five. Javier, as when you perform a water balance calculation the real evapotranspiration is a value that you introduce into the equation, no ETS works with potential evapotranspiration, yeah? What you insert into the ETS is the potential the Pengman-Montyet value, okay? If everybody is clear with that, please type just five. Great, okay, then you have the general head boundary. The general head boundary is close to constant head boundary it's really similar to constant head boundary but this generic head boundary can simulate what is this general head boundary used for? It is used for renal flow when you have a lake, yeah? When you have a water body, okay? Then you have also the lake package, okay? And the lake package you have to read more about the lake package I haven't used it so far, but it's kind of similar. It can simulate a water body where that the water can be discharged to and water can be, okay? Then you have the multi aquifer package, okay? And then it comes with the water mover package and what is the water mover package is according to the Modflow 6 philosophy water can be taken out of the system and when it's going to happen when you have this schema of water transfer among basins. Yeah, this is a, well, the Modflow 6 they have inserted this topic where water can get out of the system and can be inserted in another place so you can run two basins at the same time. This is really powerful, however, I have seen this being used, I mean it, for example, if you are doing your model, your model, your Modflow models to deal with transboundary, not like the first use of a groundwater model, so it's an applied, it's an applied tool, yeah? That is possible there, okay? But so far, and I think that if you're learning you are far from using it. Okay, okay. Yes. So then you have the river package, yeah? When you do a model inside, when you are tunnel do you have to use the drain package or the water model package? Great question. And I think you have to do the drain package because the water mover, when you use the water mover is when you will have to take water of the system and to put it somewhere else, okay? But if you have the drain package, where I mean you just take water of the system you are not focused on where on how it's going to affect the water that you took out of the system, okay? Then you have the stream flow routing, the stream flow routing is related to masking gum, okay? And then you have the unsaturated flow package, okay? Great. So we have the solvers, it's the EMS, so in Modflow 2005 we have the CIP, the PCG, the even the NWT, but here we have the EMS. This is without Newton-Ramson, okay? And then you have some options for the linear and the non-linear and I think that this, every flow, every option is powerful but you have to, I mean, read a lot, I mean, because this is on the description and it has some, I mean, sometimes we use VCS tab, we increase the iteration, we change the edge close, something like that. This is, I don't know if you cook, please tell me how of you cook. I mean, how do you do, you do your spaghetti, you do, I mean, just, okay, give me, yes, I cook, yeah, right, yes, I cook often, okay? Please write to me because I will explain you this as a similar to this cooking, okay? Please, please write on the chat. Why? Okay, so tell me if you cook or if you don't cook, if you're cooking at home, okay? Because, yeah, this is like cooking, okay? For example, when you cook, you put salt, you put pepper, you put onions, you put, and then if you, then when you try your food, you say, okay, this is because I have said that, but maybe I am a little bit of salt, so in the next one, I have to decrease the salt. On the next one, I have to use another ingredient and so on. This is the same as if you cook, yeah? Because you say, okay, maybe with this, I have to fix this. Okay, yes, I will be on time on my class in order for you to have dinner, okay? This is the same on cooking, while cooking, because you can have, for example, you can need more iterations, you can, for example, you can increase your relaxation. There is not a unique recipe on that, okay? The unique recipe on that will be the practice, okay? Great. I use to cook a lot, so that's why I always relate this part to cooking, okay? Then you have the observation, utility, the observation, utility in most flow six is kind of very powerful, because you can relate anything to observation and then you can have the flow one, okay? This, in this case, I don't have tutorials on observation in most flow six, maybe I have to do some. But by working on the codes, I have done some observations. It is also my challenge to do that, because for example, you can see how much water get out of the system, goes into the system, how much water goes into certain parts of your boundary conditions as well, and this is really handy on most flow six and it's well done, okay? Then you have some post-processor in most flow six that is the particle tracking and some budget, and as well, most flow six can do, well, actually it cannot do, it generates the files that MP3D can work with, okay? Really, yeah. What is the maximum, there is a question from nobody to say, the maximum value of iteration? You can, I mean, I have worked in 500, okay? But if at 500 iteration it has not reached any solution, maybe this is not the, you have to look at the other parameters, okay? And then there was a question from, it has to say what is the use of EF6? This is when you want to use unsaturated flow, the unsaturated sound flow. That is that instead of working with the recharge, you can work with the infiltration, okay? And then you get all the wetting fronts on the cell, okay? Really, so I hope everybody's here, so I just close this and then I know that you are hungry, so that's why we are going to the last part of our course in order because now what we are going to do is the first part of the multi-layer, okay? So close this please, no? And then open again, model news, model news, okay? Great, okay. And then new mod flow model next, yeah, okay, next. Okay, and here we have, will be aquifer one, aquifer two, and aquifer three. So far, this is the only thing, so just type finish here and write yes6, okay? Okay, great, so finish, okay? So this is the model, this is just any model that will be, sorry, this is any model, okay? So by the way, we are going to configure this in order to do a multi-layer flow. So let's go model, mod flow time, model, mod flow time, and here a mod flow time where we are, model, mod flow time, and here a mod flow time, we are going to work with minus one to zero and then we are going to work in a steady state, okay? So we are checking that we are going to work in a steady state, okay? This is really up to you because then you can tell me, oh, we want to do, you have told me about yes, steady state, that why don't, about transient and so on, okay? Well, two things, we have tutorials and a lot of tutorials and I hope that you will look for our tutorials. And the second thing is leave your feedback to the course organizers, leave your feedback, leave, what is your opinion, what you like the most, and what would you like? And then this is our valuable feedback to do something else, okay? Yes, so here we have minus one, zero, zero, one and a steady state, everything overwrite, yes, so this side, okay? So what we have checked is that we are on a steady state. Let's go to data and then to go to edit data sets. So everybody goes to data and then to edit data sets, okay? And here is required by default, everything is true and by default, all the aquifers are confined. So when you find cell type of zero, it means that by default everything is confined and we know that not everything is confined by the purpose of this exercise, we will assume that it's confined, okay? If you are here with me, please type yes, six. And they say, what is minus one? Minus one is a certain time, multiple do not have some issue to work with negative time because a negative time is not a negative value, is something that happens before a certain point. It's like before Christ and after Christ, okay? For Chris, okay? Yep, if you are here with me, please type yes, six. Yes, seven, okay, Ray, you are doing amazing. Well, so let's continue. So here on KX, I don't mean it's, it means that if your model is active and by default it's active, okay? By default it's active, Ray. But here it has a constraint, but by default it's active. Okay, so let's go to KX, okay? And KX by default is 0.001, but in our case, in our case, we are going to work with, okay? So here we are going to work with case layer 30, 0.001 and 100. And then you find something here. And what is what you are going to find here? That 30, 0.001 and 100. Do you remember which units are we are? Okay, we are in meters per second. So have you ever found a hydraulic conductivity of 30 meters per second? No, it's because these units are in meters per day. Okay, so later on we are going to go back to the model and change the unit to change it from meters per second to meters per day, okay? But so far we are not going to do that now, okay? So this case layer, 30, 0.001 and 100, okay? So this is from KX and for a case set will be case layer, K layer. By the way, you have to write case with capital C layer with capital L, okay? So we have K, okay? If you are here with me, time just eight. Could you write it? Okay. Write it. That's great, why? I could write it on the chat because I know that maybe they're not so deep in Zoom, okay? Great. So the first one is for the KX and the second one is for case set. But in this one has also one for cell type because here we are going to define the case layer. And then for here, the first layer will be unconfined and the second layer will be confined and confined. Modflow six has only confined and unconvertible, okay? And that's it, no, it has no this non-simulator, okay? So yeah, this is for cell type. So the third formula on the chat is for cell type, okay? And then in Modflow initial head is 150, okay? 150, so cell type is this one KX, case set is this one and initial head is this one, okay? Great. Apply, close. And then we go to model Modflow package and programs. Okay, we are going to model to Modflow package and programs. And here in Modflow package and programs we have to, we are going to specify that here we are going to work with work with CHD and web, okay? These are our two options, constant head and the web package, okay? Okay, and this is as well the same as, okay, then type, okay? And then we are going to create two CHD that will have 30, okay? Then we have two CHD, okay? We have to hurry up because then you have to cook and then, okay, so here we go from here to here. This will be CHD, okay? It's by default, since we are in the first layer, it will go from model top to a quicker one bottom, okay? We can change color here. Okay, set value of intersected cells. So this is called CHD. This is called set value of intersected cells. Yeah, and this go from model top to a quicker one bottom, okay? If you are here, please type yes, nine. And they say, why not multi-node a quicker web? Because if you will try, it has more parameters to define, okay? So in this case, we are just in a very simple model, okay? But then you can do it with multi-node a quicker one. If we have to, you have to change the condition. Okay, if you are here, just nine, because we have to change it to multiple features. Yeah. Okay, so let's go to multiple features and then we are going to activate the constant head minus one to zero and the starting head will be 30 and the ending head will be 30, okay? This will be 30, minus one to zero, 30 and 30, okay? That's it, please, okay. Then we are going to create a well that will be located in the second layer. So that's what this will be, okay? Okay, then we go here to, let's go here in model, in multiple time, let's go here and change it to, please change it to day, okay? Okay, so here in model, let's go to multiple time and change it to day because this is meters per day, okay? Let's change it to day. Everybody, please, okay, let's type, okay? Let's change it to days, okay? Yeah. And then let's go to the second layer. You can go to the second layer here. You can go to the second layer here. With this, we create, we can create this a well, okay? Just type, okay, you have to be in the second layer. It will appear here, and then you just create a new well that it will call well. It will be from a prefer one button to a prefer two button, yeah? That you can change the color as well, yeah, okay? And then your multiple features, you can do well, and then you can do it from direct, so minus one to zero, and the pumping rate will be 0.05 times, 430 cubic meters per day. So if you are here with me, type yes 10. Victoria, if you don't say hello everybody, please, what is the topic of this presentation? Great, Victoria. Okay, so if you are here with me, please type yes nine. Remember that it has to be on direct, okay? So what you have done, you have selected a constant head and a pumping rate. And then, ah, so sorry, sorry, sorry. The pumping rate has to be negative because if you put a positive value here, it means that you are injecting, and then you are pumping. So pumping, according to the mod flow, sign, not the sign rules is this negative, okay? So if you are here, please type yes, okay? And they say, okay, I will repeat the mod flow. This is for the CHD, it's just 30, okay? Okay, yes, okay. And this is for the wealth package, okay? Minus, okay, great. So we can, what is next? You can save your project. So we are going to save, we can save it with this or with files, save files. And then where are we going to save it? We are going to save this into documents where here I have the ground water using mod flow, date three, and then I create a new one that is called exercise one. So everybody go to exercise one, and here it will be model one. Yeah, it's always recommended to create a folder, okay? Great. Okay, so you just have saved this and it will appear, when you have saved, it will appear the total. Just to remember that here on the path is, please do not consider any white spaces and do not consider any till this, tillation, okay? So just normal and plain ascii characters, okay? Great, so now we can run our model. We can, okay, we are going to run our model. So this is the first that we are going to run the model. Okay, so with the red arrow, no, with the green arrow, okay? With the green arrow, you have to save as a num file, okay? I strongly recommend not to change the name. So if your model is called model one, those GPT, they say then the num file, it will be the same, okay? Okay. And that's it, it's compiling, it brings this one, this one is the kernel, and this one is the model monitor. If you are here with me, please type yes, 10, yes, 11. If you are here with me, type yes, 11. Okay, great, you are doing num file. Okay, look the modflow, I mean, this one is serious, I mean, but when you have a warning, it's serious and when everything is great, you have happy face. I mean, it's all right to have serious faces, okay? But this one, the red face is not the best one, okay? So you just, we are going to close this, and once you close this with the, what it appears is this list file. What is the list file? The list file is a compilation of all what you have inserted and all the outputs here. Let's go to the end of this list file, and this is the water balance. And here on the water balance, the constant head actually brings 430 cubic meters per second, and this 430 cubic meters per second are the ones that the well is pumping, okay? So here, this is the water balance, and then we see that there is no, the percentage crepacy is really, really, really low, okay? Okay, finally, okay? So if you are here with me, please type yes, 12, any type of questions. I know that you might be tired so far, or maybe you are just cutting your onions to do your dinner. So, but if you are here with me, okay, do you have any situation, how to open the output? Well, usually you, there is a question that say, what is the list file is to be? There are some options in order not to write in everything in the two ways. But I think that no path, no path plus plus, no path plus plus is another, I think that no path plus plus is a word editor, but it's kind of good, yeah? However, it is not advisable to have two gigabytes of this file, okay? So something else can be done as well with the code just to stop printing all the results, okay? So here, we close this, we close this, there is a warning here and say, there is no error, friends, that and no worry. And then we are going to import the results. How we import the results? We import the results with this one, with import and display mode results. And here we take, actually goes to the DHT file, okay? So with this one, we open the DHT file because the CMC file is binary file, the flow through sales. And then we are going to work with the control grid and that's it. So here we have, okay, this is the, okay, okay. So here we, okay, okay. I will do something quick, yeah? I will go back to the, because I think that the pumping, it was too much. So we are going to just say that we have 43 cubic meters per second because I wonder the control lines will apply better. So I just go back. I just go back to this, to the point and then you just can have, just put 43, okay? You can run it again, run, yes. I mean, you do all the process again. Then you can import your data, the same, but in this case, new dataset. Well, here the, I mean, goes to 19, no? But there is some options here in import and mode results. No, here on data visualization, here on data visualization, where on counter data, you can specify that your counter is one meter, 0.2. I mean, what it says is that the drop is really low. I will do this, yes? Because I want you to see a more visible thing. Okay, so yes, I will drop this to one cubic meter. I will run it, let's see, okay, let's see. Then we'll do this, dataset. On counter data, no, I will import my results, three new datasets. Okay, here, I have something there. That here, I can specify this at 0.1. The problem is that the drop here is doing it really low. Well, okay, maybe this, okay. Here on the first layer, you can see how the, how is the drop on the, how is the drop on the levels? I mean, it's really low because it creates some of the compression that is really low. Okay, if you are here with me type, yes, 13 and that will be for today, okay? And if you have any other questions, let me know. And I leave my camera open. My friend, or my friend Hans. Yeah, so thank you very much for this exciting session where we learned how to do this. When I was doing the tutorial myself, I struggled with the units and you've explained it now with the meter per day. And it's always very important to keep track of what units you are using. Otherwise you get strange results. So what is also nice that you made that parallel with cooking. It makes us very hungry, but it's a little bit of a challenge. I think it's a little bit of a challenge. I think it's a little bit of a challenge. So what is the parallel with cooking? It makes us very hungry, but it's also very useful because you learn this by practice. I always tell my students, also with the same parallel. We provide you as lectures cookbooks with standard recipes, but the real fun and the real work starts when you start using what we give you and add your own pepper and salt to experience to gain experience in modeling. So that's very important. So I'm curious about next time. Before we leave, I just want to have some announcements for things that are coming up that you might be interested in. So let me share my screen. First, a little announcement. There is a free webinar this Friday. I will also announce it on Friday because it's right after our class. There's a webinar by Kurt Menke, who's also the co-author of our book QGIS for Hydrological Applications. And he will show how to visualize COVID-19 data with QGIS with all the nice new features that are available. And afterwards, of course, also the recording will be available. But if you want to be there live, you can register here. I will put the link in the chat. Then let me first go here. There is short courses that are offered online now because of the COVID crisis. So you can see on our website which courses those are. Let me see. I probably need to share the screen again. There we go. And one of those courses is QGIS for Hydrological Applications, where you get a five days intensive course, which is live guided by Kurt Menke and myself. But there are also other nice things for modeling on Hecaraz, on PC Raster. These are not free courses. And I know that's always a struggle with scholarships. Well, for this year, you can't get them anymore, but I want to show you that for next year, you can find fellowship options if you're from certain countries. I'll show it here. So you can also check on our website for the next courses that we offer you can apply for a MAINA or an MSP scholarship. So have a look at our website, how to do that. That's not for next year's course, but that's for the courses that happen between September, between September and October, I think. But you have to check this now between March and August. So that's before the courses next year. That's all I wanted to say. I think maybe Sol has some nice things coming up. Thank you, Hans. Let's see what's coming up. Well, beside, I mean, I have not such much events as you just to, on the elearn in the elearninghatarilabs.com in our, let me show my screen, please. In the elearning platform, we will be, I think I will create a webinar on the Boronoi Mesh, yeah. What else is coming up? A course, it will be a course because we have been given a groundwater modeling with Modflow, but this was as a webinar and then we are going to give a course on how to create models, but not with model mills, but rather with Python, okay? So this will be what is next, but I mean, it will happen in three weeks, I mean, not right now. It's nice to see what you have to offer. You have mentioned a lot of Python and I think a lot of you might be interested in learning the basics of Python. Well, there is of course the paid course that we advertised on the website, but if you don't have the funds now and you want to learn it by yourself, and I think you are all very eager to learn by yourself, otherwise you wouldn't be here in this online session because you can't get a diploma and you don't get scholarships for this, but on our open courseware website, you can find a free course on the basics of Python and it really starts with learning the command line and using GDAL for getting your geographical data into different formats and projections and then starting to learn scripting. And it's also a good entry for many of the courses that Sol organizes because you really need a good fundamental Python. It will save you in the future a lot of time and like this question, how to open a two gigabyte file? Yeah, if you use Windows, you can use notepad, et cetera, but if you really want to use it, you need to learn the command line and then the sky is the limit and you can do a lot with it. It's just an investment of five days full time getting through those materials. So have a look at that. That's all for now. It was a nice session. I got hungry because of all the cooking stories. So I'm gonna cook my meal here and I wish you a very nice weekend. See you back on Friday. Some last words from you Sol. Okay, so yes, enjoy your dinner. I will enjoy my lunch and see you on Friday. Bye-bye. Bye.