 I'm going to kick off straight away and this is a question I guess is like and it's I guess it's like one of those questions Is always asked in and around artificial intelligence and mana was mentioned a few times on In presentations this morning was the destruction that's going to happen to the jobs and based on kind of I guess my role in idea I guess I'm looking for for Advice how do we prepare how do we prepare from an Irish perspective? But also I guess from a global perspective for the destruction of jobs That's potentially going to happen, but also in terms of job creation. What does that look like in the future? And I already if you want to sure, so I guess we shouldn't panic about this sort of thing, right, so There's certainly be new jobs, so I suppose when people talk about Job replacement of this place when that's not to mean that you know Huge numbers of people going to be unemployed things are just going to change And I suppose we have no idea what the world is going to look like in five or ten years time Except, you know, we'll we'll certainly need people to work and they'll certainly be jobs there for no other reason other than we have to pay taxes So, you know, I think the question really just becomes What I suppose we just need to be careful that the jobs that we see coming on stream as automation does have an effect on jobs are of a high quality, you know, so and If you look at manufacturing in the US, for example There has been massive amounts of automation and manufacturing. There hasn't been a lot of unemployment But if you look at the I suppose the quality of the job in terms of take-home pay, they haven't really moved since 1970 So we have to be very careful that sort of thing Okay, very good. Is there anybody else would like to make comment on that in terms of what did they see in the future? Actually, if you were to give a piece of advice to governments around the world, what one piece of advice what's your number one? Priority would you say so if I could feed up to a Feed up into departments that I report into that we really need to look at this in order to prepare for artificial intelligence And what would what would that piece of advice be David? I guess I'll throw it in. I work in the university Designing courses and I think education is the key thing there to see well where where are the opportunities take advantage of this So if you take Lots of things that people have talked about today in terms of AI Automation driverless cars and things we should be training people to do those jobs To build those systems so that Ireland becomes a center of excellence for those things. Yeah, but we've had numerous conversations with Automotive companies in the past and one thing that I've been trying to demonstrate is like Ireland has been Building its technology capability for 60 plus years and you hear of the automotive industry They're saying that they're becoming technology companies. So it's like, okay. How can we marry the two? There is a big opportunity there Would anybody else like to I think it's kind of fascinating that You have the the tech billionaires who are Advocating some form of universal basic income And it makes me wonder a little bit So I mean Bill Gates is on record is supporting something like this I think some sort of tax is what he technically supports some sort of tax on technology Mark Zuckerberg. I saw him give a speech at Harvard, which was basically it was kind of like a political stump speech Actually, it was pretty clear to me that he's thinking about running for president and in this Basically political speech. He mentions we should explore the idea of universal basic income and so I Wonder a little bit. Is it like is this kind of like Cold fusion or something is it something that's like never gonna happen. So it doesn't really hurt to talk about it Right is is universal basic income so completely unfeasible politically that there's not much of a downside to sort of bringing it up as a tech billionaire or Is there actually a path there? Is there gonna need to be some sort of Escape valve for all this economic frustration There is experiments happening in Canada and Finland at the moment with universal basic incomes And I read once that even the Democrats back in the 1970s were were a proponent of a universal basic income in the States Well, does universal basic income in Alaska called the people's dividends? So it already exists I think I'm a huge fan of the of the idea of universal basic income for a whole bunch of reasons One being, you know these sorts of so so people don't know where the hell is the money gonna come from right? So, but if you know, there are incentives, I suppose and Penalties you can introduce in society that if jobs are displaced and they're not replaced with high quality jobs that there should be almost a penalty imposed on On the organization that that does that right so those ways of fueling You know of taxing that kind of thing, right? And if you do if you do the numbers it does kind of work out in terms of Ireland debate a universal basic income I think would work out at about 900 euros per month per person Which might sound like an awful lot of money, but it isn't So I'm a big fan of the idea of a basic income and the other thing is you know It creates space for people to be creative and people to be more altruistic and all the sort of thing So it's a rising tide raises all boats. I would say yeah I read somewhere recently say like if there are the universal basic income that it's linked to further education and continuous education Which is I think would be a really good idea Dr. Scanlon Questioning from John and do you see a day coming when speech recognition will help parents understand their own children? Yeah, I always say that it's a the basis for our Technology working is the opposite of that. It's a case of If another adult if an adult who is not a parent can understand the child then our system can understand it But if you're saying like you know, why won't your system understand little Johnny? I'm like only of your grant, you know, if a random adult can't understand little Johnny We're not gonna do any better than that. You know, maybe in the future There are some systems that do customization for users who have disabilities So basically they do a lot of training on them And then they have an app that's personalized to them and then actually tries to do translation So that actually is there's a company in Israel that does that and they do it very effectively They're still working on it. So there is technologies that do that Yeah, well, we try and do is do a general approach that will work for everyone. So you tend to go one or the other Yeah, I think I think certainly There'll be voice technology that can understand in terms of the content But I think and understand to understand what's behind the content. So how the person is feeling and so on You do need probably you probably do need others other sorts of technologies Like for example, if you're trying to determine if somebody is lying It's it's impossible to tell if somebody's lying just from just from how they speak and the content and it's also just You need, you know more sophisticated sensors that look at blood flow in the face and so on So all these are saying, you know, so there's you know in terms of understanding really fundamentally what the person is saying Then I think you need, you know, they will have to be a sort of a combination of technologies soapbox product, too And parts I have a question in from Ashish in most of the sentiment analysis Can we further zoom in to explain which are random and don't follow the trend Yeah, I guess so so like you can obviously look at patterns you can compare You know the current status with previous states of Sentiments in the data and see try to understand if it's an anomaly or if it's actually You know normal so I guess that's how That problem is often tackle very good And it's just a time for one last question and this is from Steven does the panel believe strong AI to be practically possible? Yes, or no, no Practically possible when? No If you were to put a timeline around is so the barrier say no never I guess I don't see why not but I think we're miles away from it So it's it's way way in the future, so we don't need to worry about Armies of the future being yes, so some people you know this might might not know what strong AI is so strong AI is basically Is a system is an artificial mind that is identical in every way to the human mind? And I I say no because I don't even think it is within the realms of Human capability to understand our own minds So it it requires that we can not only so stand outside ourselves But we can understand fundamentally what it's like to be human and I think just my philosophical point of view We just can't achieve that. Yes, I could say how do you measure intelligence and how do you measure our consciousness? Yeah, I think it's achievable within a few decades Yeah, I think obviously it's not a linear thing So we can't like predict when it's gonna happen with linear thinking It's gonna be like, you know a couple of exponential events stacking on top of each other that will get us there And is that the singularity is that what you associate with the singularity like? Eventually it will become singularity, but I think generally I will happen before singularity David I Think we're a pretty long way off from any sort of general purpose intelligence I think when I think of AI I think of something like Alexa, right? You might have all these really specific skills these specific skills may even be super human But I don't really think any sort of general purpose Human-like intelligence is is gonna happen in the near term I also question whether it's even necessary. All right, if you're able to sort of integrate all these really specific super human skills You know who cares if you really like has a personality or appreciates poetry or whatever I don't I don't even know that that's necessarily relevant I would also be a cynic because I don't think I don't think we will want us Like in the sense. I don't think there's a you know, whatever the problem is One of the question is I don't think you know singularity or are developing strongly. I is a solution You know technology has always been there's always been the sort of argument and technology between you know does technology enhance and augment or does it replace and augmenting has generally almost always one out with the exception of things like cars replacing horses and so on but you know the I think we won't we probably won't want it even for what's possible, but I don't think it is final words Patricia Um, I don't think you can stop progress I don't think even if it's if it's not necessary for it's not wanted it's still gonna happen somebody's gonna do it So I think you kind of have to plan for that inevitability. Maybe it's not an our generation Maybe it's the next next one, but yeah, you can't stop progress and unless everybody just stands tools right now Something's gonna happen and needs to be managed and needs, you know, okay, so it sounds like that We don't need to worry for the time being First of all, I'd like to make a thank everybody on the panel today and thank them for their really interesting presentations and Insights into what's going on from a national and international national perspective. I really enjoyed your presentations and Finally their during lunch run and quickly get your food There'll be a talk on GDP or imprivacy on the green stage during lunch and An innovation talk at the experience area area and that's a I'd like to wrap up this session. Thank you very much