 Hello everyone, I am Dr. Manishwari and today I will be talking on cardiac arrest. When an apparently healthy, normally functioning heart comes to a complete standstill in less than one hour, the condition is often referred to as a sudden cardiac arrest. Now, the most common cause for a sudden cardiac arrest is a preceding heart attack. The first one hour of a heart attack is called the golden hour. During this time, when the blood supply to the heart is compromised, the heart becomes irritable in some people. It becomes electrically unstable and can start beating at extremely rapid rates. A hazardous condition which can cause the heart to come to a complete standstill in a few seconds to a minute or a few minutes. So this condition is called as a cardiac arrest. Fortunately, not everyone with an acute heart attack suffers from a cardiac arrest. Only 1-2% of people with acute heart attack suffer from a cardiac arrest. Also, it's important to know that there could be other reasons for a sudden cardiac arrest apart from a heart attack. There are many genetic conditions and cardiac muscle disorders which can cause the heart to become electrically unstable and result in a cardiac arrest. It's important not to overlook these conditions because some of these conditions are genetic and could involve other members of the family also. Now, it is important to realize that during a cardiac arrest, the circulation comes to a standstill. The blood supply to every organ gets affected, especially the brain. And if the heart is not restarted as early as possible, ideally within the next 5-10 minutes, the chance of survival is very very remote. It's sad to say that less than 5% of the victims of a sudden cardiac arrest survive or even for that matter make it to the hospital alive. So, you know, understanding that a sudden cardiac arrest occurs more often in the community and not in the hospital. And we have a very short time window where we can intervene to restart the heart. It emphasizes that the person who can make a difference during a cardiac arrest is not the doctor. It's you. It's the person in the community who witnesses the cardiac arrest. Timely identification of a cardiac arrest initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR until help arrives or an AED arrives or an ambulance arrives is the only thing that would matter during that time. Rushing the patient to the hospital is all in vain because the chance of survival will be less than 5%. So CPR is an absolutely essential life skill which everyone should know. We really strongly urge you each and everyone to learn CPR. It's a basic life skill which everyone can know and should know and must know. So including small children as young as 10 years can learn the concept of CPR. Please do learn CPR. You never know. Someday you may be able to save a precious life. Thank you. Hello everyone. I'm Professor Madhusudhan Upadhyap. Today I will just talk to you about how important saving a life is and how everyone can be a life saver. And all that can be done with just two hands of yours. We don't need sophisticated gadgets. We don't need equipments. We don't need any personal. All of you and with your two hands you can save a life. All this should be done at the spot whenever there is an accident happening or drowning or somebody has a cardiac arrest. Why it is important is we have about 4 minutes of oxygen reserve in us and if that is exhausted the person's brain cells start dying. To avoid that to prevent the death we have to make sure that the heart is kept on pumping. How do you do it with your two hands? I will demonstrate it at the end of this session. But as I said you need only two hands and nothing more than that. Why is this important is the brain is mostly dependent on oxygen and if the oxygen is not supplied to the brain within first 4 minutes of somebody's stopping breathing or somebody's heart stopping beating the person with us will turn vegetative and he will not be useful to the society at all. To avoid that we believe that everyone can be a life saving rescuer and everyone should be. Like in the western world we should also train our generation to save our life at any given time. As I said we need only two hands and nothing more than that. The two hands can save a life. When you encounter someone who has met with an accident who has had a massive cardiac arrest or heart attack or somebody has drowned who needs you you have to assist them first. You look for signs of life. If your victim is moving coughing or breathing that means that the victim does not need you. If none of this is present then you have to act. You have to use your hands and your brain to resuscitate someone or to revive someone. How do you do it? Place the victim like this on a hard surface. If they are in water you have to rescue them and then you have to try to resuscitate. As lay people all you have to do is the chest compressions. You have to make sure that the heart beats. How do you do that is take your hand one of the hands the heel of the palm goes right along the middle of the chest and place it in the middle of the center of the chest. Take the other hand and place it on top. Interlace your fingers so that you do not traumatize the patient if the fingers are spread. Then you go right on top of the victim's chest or the patient's chest and then you just compress. Compress at a rate of 30 at a time for 100 to 120 per minute and the compression should be about 5 to 6 centimeters and not more than 6 centimeters. Just watch me doing it. You start counting 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 30 and it goes on like this for 5 cycles that will be about 30 into 5. It should take about 2 minutes. Then you reassess whether the patient's breathing or movement or cough has come back. If it hasn't come back then you continue this as long as the help arrives. When the help arrives you leave the patient, hand over the patient to the experts and then you can move away. Thank you.