 Mr. Ecuador, thank you so much for taking the time for this interview. First we'd like, can you introduce us to the work you're doing on a global scale? My name is Eric Huerta. Within the works I do, I'm a policy advisor on ICT telecommunications development for the Mexican government, and also I'm writing their tool kit, to connect the school, connect the community, to keep the park for rural and indigenous communities, and well, that's actually what I do now. So you mentioned that part of your focus is how ICT can lead to the social and economic development. So how is that possible? Well, we sometimes tend to think that automatically we bring ICTs to a community, they will accept it, use it, and start generating income, running business, city business, but the thing is that it doesn't happen that way. So it happens when the community gets the chance to know the tool and to use it to what they do best. So this is not a problem only within the community. Sometimes even in some industries, even in some companies or even in the government, when we start getting a new technology, people have to understand it, and then to adapt it and apply it for what they do. And that is a process and that is what sometimes people call it or name it as managing change. So what we do is to manage changes in rural areas so that they can use ICTs for their development goals. They already have their development goals, some of them could be producing more cattle, some others could take better care of their environment, some others maybe will want to run a tourist project, a local tourist project. So that's about how ICTs can help to achieve those goals that they have already set up for them. So when we discussed how ICT can develop rural areas, you mentioned some elements that could help in that process. So what are these elements? Well, first we have to have a policy on that. The market sometimes, because it doesn't represent a good earning or a big business, so the big companies don't go to them. So sometimes we could have a very big company, some communication companies in the country, but we have a lot of communicated areas in rural areas. Because they are not good for, well, they are not profitable. They don't produce enough profit for the companies to be attracted to them. So the first is to do something in the law, while there could be any strategy, there could be probably someone who would say, okay, well, let's make a plan for taking ICTs to these areas. Some others will say, let's promote local companies to get in ICT of these areas. So this depends on which are the realities of the countries and how they develop a strategy. So the first point is we have to have a strategy. Second point, technology. It's not the same technology for connecting a city to connect a rural area. I'm just going to give an example. Probably we have a very good equipment, but in rural areas or the electricity buyers, various a lot, so it could be either very low. So probably a good equipment that works well in a city that has a normal electricity supply might not work in that area. So we have to develop the kind of equipment, the apropiate equipment or the good equipment for those areas. Third point, developing an industry. As I said, sometimes big industries work properly in small areas. They are so big that they cannot be sustainable in those areas. So we have to sometimes develop a small business here. For instance, India started, as the companies didn't go to these areas, they started developing small kiosks. A small store, they put a telephone in there. Then they put a computer and an ICT center. So probably for some companies it was not a good business to go to those areas and put a telephone in each house because it costs a lot, I mean the representation of income. But to have one telephone in a small convenience store could communicate the name. So that's kind of starting a small model. And the last point is to work with the community so that the community could take the tool and use it for their development goals. So that's about the process of how we get technology to those communities. So before the break we're discussing how can we evaluate a sustainable ICT project. So can you let us know about how can we measure that? Well, we have to see first the policy and regulation. We have a policy and regulation that promotes ICTs in rural areas. First, if we have a policy, sometimes we didn't even have a policy. So if the country had a policy and regulation to promote this kind of telecommunications that would be one point. The second thing is to see if this policy and regulation is working. It's reaching what we actually are expecting from it. The third thing is at community level. So what does community think about their projects? People is involved, people is doing the part of the job or is only the government doing the job? So sometimes when the government goes on the left or starts giving support, the projects fail. And in this case, what we need is that the community starts running the project by themselves. So in long term, are the people able to run the project? The project will be sustaining in long terms even without the help of the government? That's the last point. So an interesting concept you mentioned is the needs of strangers. What did you mean by that concept? And if you know some examples that would illustrate for the users? The needs of a stranger approach is a very common phrase in community development. We have to know that most of the development projects fail. There are studies about 20% of the development projects supported by the UN sometimes failed. Sorry, only 20% work, 80% fail. And the problem is mostly about the needs of a stranger approach. What is the needs of a stranger approach? Sometimes we think that people that live in the city can know the needs of the rural areas. So we come with our needs and project them in the rural areas. I was saying about this example when I saw this guy teaching the people how to do financial transactions from one account to another and teaching them these marbles of telecommunication and how to do financial transactions. Well, that was good for him.