 The topic we are going to discuss now is related to scholarly contribution. Whatever we practice, whatever we dig into it in terms of research, we are going to eventually publish that material into some reputed journal. When we talk about publication, one of the very important things is honesty and competence because they are essential in the advancement of knowledge and scholarly publication. Unfortunately, not many of the scientists confirms to establish rules and values. Violations range from the very minor to severe, but the scientific record is damaged regardless. During these times, we have seen that there are multiple issues coming up in terms of unethical practice in terms of research publications. Today, we will talk about all the topics that can be discussed in the reference of unethical research publications through which students will be aware that whatever they are doing, they should be published in what way and in what way. And what are their rights in terms of publication and what things they should be referring to because sometimes knowingly or unknowingly, they are going to do something which is eventually going to consider plagiarism. Many issues related to the publications are concerned about the rights of research participants. Research participants are individuals who are a part of our research and are the human subjects who provide data in our research. Scandals involving reports of plagiarism and scientific misconduct, conflict of interest among scientists, and a reluctance to accept the flaws is claimed expertise. This is a very important area in which we see that some researchers, individuals know that there is a type 1 or type 2 error mistake but because they have invested a lot of time and money in that research, they are knowingly undermining it and the results are falsified but they publish that research. So this is one of the major ethical concerns in published research that the data given is so ethical and the results produced are they genuinely the results of our society or are they fabricated and produced? Researchers must deal not just with dishonest, incompetent and irresponsible members of their own ranks but also with some external forces acting against them. This is also an ethical responsibility of all of us that if we know that an individual is practicing unethical research and is fabricating different types of data and generating data for instance if you have data in one software for example in SPSS and someone is going to produce that data by duplicating that and maybe probably just selecting the cases on basis of some outliers and then excluding them and then manipulating that data just to create the results of their own choice. This is all unethical and if you know that someone is doing that and is visualizing in practice and is selling the data that person should must be reported. First attempt to suppress misrepresent or discount scientific findings for political gains have become more prevalent in recent times. A trend that has come to be seen a lot in recent times and a lot of research is being done on this is that a lot of research is being done on the things that are going on and a lot of research papers are being done on that. For instance with the beginning of the COVID as soon as the first case of COVID came after about one and a half months the first publication was reported in a journal. How it is possible that in such less time data has been collected, research has been designed data has been analyzed and all the codile ethical formalities has been done and research has been published. We understand that some of the research journals are fast-track journals and they publish research, they are open access they charge a heavy amount and they instantly publish your work with an instant peer review and things like that but still we have to see that would it be feasible to search a research in such less time for an variable which was doesn't even in existence before. So, we saw that in the time period of COVID in every month, in multiple journals and in multiple research publications and there was an issue which came into the light which was originally not done into the COVID period but because COVID was in limelight everyone was concerned about having research findings related to COVID so eventually people started linking their previous research with COVID and publishing it. So, a lot of unethical cases were caught a lot of journals were blacklisted and a lot of researchers were blacklisted too. Then, for instance, many of the time the researchers published research because it is of interest or it is of political scenario in favour of the government's statistics to add on or probably in some situations we neglect such facts as well as evidence of global warming and environmental deterioration doesn't exist because maybe we have taboos which stop us from publishing that research. Similarly, we see that in the COVID period a lot of research was published which was later incentivised by producing more numbers by producing more psychological effects and by producing harm there will be some gain. So, one need to be very careful without going into this debate that if there is any kind of unethical practice involved we should block that. Furthermore, some research projects could be funded by the government agencies thus allowing those with political agendas but no scientific expertise to intervene with the peer review process. There are things that are especially for some cause like if we are looking at the statistics of HIV in Punjab and looking at its causes and there is a government project assigned to someone it does not mean that government wants to have a higher number of HIV prevalence so that they could provide funding to the department to do certain activities which could in return reduce the prevalence of HIV. Rather, it is very important to report an ethical report so that the actual situation and scenario can be presented and the government's policy can be in its light. Finally, well researched peer reviewed fact that contradict reality as we chose it to be rather than it may be suppressed or attacked harshly. Those results which we feel might not support our wishful thinking or probably they do not look that authentic because they may not highlight the issues they should not attack harshly that the research is not correct or the data collection is not correct as students often come and ask that if there is no research and the relationship is not proven then either we need to report that yes, you have to report that as well because this is also an important finding that the relationship between two variables does not exist this is itself a finding always there is no positive finding of the relationship which is also an important and very important finding because it is also telling us about the direction of a relationship Similarly, giving you another example an article in a journal owned by APA presented a meta-analysis of research on effects of child sexual abuse set of a political firestone there was a case that an APA journal published a meta-analysis of a sexual abuses of the researchers and they discussed that if a child ranges from age 5 to 17 were abused then what were the effects on their personality and definitely their effects were different a 5 year old child faces sexual abuse and a 17 year old then it is obvious that there will be different effects on them when the research published in the journal people saw it without being able to link it with age and talk about its psychological impact they said a lot and gave a lot of harsh comments that this journal is promoting sexual abuse by publishing this article so one needs to be very careful in giving comments to the peer review if they present a real finding either it is not much accepted by the society one has to be very congenial with those results rather than that their publications are stigmatized so these are some of the issues which we see when we look into scholarly contributions