 Hello, hi, everyone. I'm Sanjay Gupta. I welcome you on Sanjay Gupta Tech School so welcome, Sumit for this day three and I think Sumit already explained all the like few of the basic concepts in day one and day two and today also a few basic concepts He will be explaining So I just want to welcome everyone those who have joined So we'll be waiting for a couple of more minutes so that more folks can join and then we'll be starting the session So over to you, Sumit, if you want to recap something and then we can proceed Hello welcome again on this cyber security bootcamp day three and Today We are discussing about the network types. So yesterday I told you how network works. What are the network types we have? So Welcome again on this cyber security bootcamp. My name is Sumit Jain and I'm your instructor and trainer in this bootcamp So let me let all of you know More little bit a little bit more about myself. My name is Sumit Jain and I'm ethical and cyber security expert Currently, I'm working as a scenic red team and pent up a red team member Apart from that, I am working as a senior security specialist at JITRO networks. I have experience in this field of 10 plus years Previously, I'm a ex ex-guest like instructor at Central detective training school Right now. I'm helping students freshers and professionals to build their career in cyber security stream So if you like the content we are creating we are delivering to all of you. So please subscribe the channel The channel name is cyber security John here. I am making Content related to cyber security bug bounty and penetration testing and you can follow Sanjay Gupta Tech School as well where I'm delivering the live sessions related to cyber security You can find me on these Below platforms as well. You can follow me on Twitter and LinkedIn. You can share your thoughts Without with our telegram group. The links are available in the video description. So today We are learning about how network types work. So Yesterday we learn about networks have two types one is P2P network and the second one is server client network Today we are learning about if we have a geographical area Then we have four types of network based on the geographical area size. We have four types of network One is land called local area network other is men metropolitan area network Van wide area network and pan personal area network. So Let's discuss about all these network how they function what are their what what their advantage and How we create them using network components the network components we discussed yesterday. So you can watch our day two for the recap and we have multiple network components to create a network like hub switch wires cables connectors and Routers repeaters bridge gateway. So we have multiple network components to create or build a network and Upon their geographical area size. We have four types of network and their names are mentioned here so let's understand how they function and what they have to What what the technologies? We have to use to build these so first we have Land Land is also called local area network. So local area network is something when We build a network for small area Like if you have created network for your home your building your office Then we the network we created we called it local area network. So local area network is a group of computers that connected using Network components for small area such as buildings office home network Right. So what is local area network? So local area network is a group of computers Connected to each other In a small area such as Office Etc. So When we are connecting to or more than two personal computers using some communication medium like cables Pyberoptic cables Quaxical cables. So that network is created is called land network so it has very small area for connectivity and We have to if we built a local area network land network So it is less costly compared to the other networks because it is built with Inexpensive hardware such as if we want to build a local area network We use network components such as hubs network adapters and cables So the these network hardware are not expensive compared to the other hardware like routers switches and modems so Building a local area network is less costly compared to the other networks. So you can understand that the data is also Transferred with very fast rate so that the data transfer is filled is extremely faster in the local area network so the data is transferred at an extremely faster rate in In land so the data transfer speed is also very high and This type of networks can provide more security than the other networks We have because the computers strength is also very low. So that local area network The land network provides higher security So why we built local area network because If we have small environment is we have if we have a small area to build a network We create a local network using some network components, which are not expensive Compared to the other networks hardware. We have like router and the data transfer speed is extremely high on this network also The area size of this type of network is extremely low around 10 to 50 meters 100 meters or 500 meters But if you want to create a network for a larger area Then we need to move on the other types of network man network or when network So if I want to create a diagram for this land network the diagram is as follow like if we have two or three computers in our network and we connected with wires So this network is called local area network This is a land network. The networks are the data data is transferred using wires and the other and the computers are also connected So this type of network we have is local area network. The other network we have is Personal area network the second network we have is Personal area network which is called pan pan means personal area network So if you created a network like if you are sharing your Mobile internet with someone you create a hotspot. So that type of network is called personal area network where You are using your own device to share the internet to share the data So if you visit a cyber cafe or even to show so the network they created is called personal area network So personal area network is a network Arranged to within a individual person typically within a range of 10 meters and Personal area network is used for connecting the computer devices for personal use known as personal area network So we can write this is used to Connecting the computer devices Personal use the area which is covered by pan is around 30 feet area covered by a pan is around 30 feet and The size of this area is within a range of 10 meters So the diagram for this type of area is this type of network is this is your computer this is your computer and if you share your network with a Mobile phone This is your mobile phone So if you shared in your network with the mobile phone and also you are connecting This computer with a headphone You are connecting this computer with another computer. So that in that network is known as Personal area network like if you are connecting with this printer So this type of network is known as personal area network for personal use and the size of This network is very low. You can you can you can connect the two computers or Two mobiles or if you are sharing a hotspot technology, then this type of area This type of network we have is called personal area network. So we have two types of personal area network one is wired wired and the other one is wireless so if you are sharing your hotspot technology that is wireless network and If you are connecting like if you if you play a game using computers If you are playing some online games using computers the sharing network We have is called wired personal area network where two computers are connected with a network component and they are sharing and Playing games using network or internet. So the internet is not compulsory You can play games offline as well using private IP So that type of network we have is called personal area network So we have two types of personal area network One is wired personal area network and the other one is wireless personal area network in wireless personal area network is Developed by simply using wireless technology such as Wi-Fi Bluetooth So if you are sharing some songs you some videos using Technology so that type of network is or also called personal area network So it has it is a very low range network The data speed can depends on your device that the what types of device you use like if you are using Some Apple products the data transfer speed rate is high But you are using some Android products or you are using some low quality Laptop or network or devices then the data speed can depends on your completely depends on your Devices what types of devices use what types of adapters they have what what types of Capacity of your devices. So this speed can be depends on your devices, but the network is shared with very extremely high rate because The connectivity of computers is very low You can be connected with only two or three computers, right? so example If you want to talk about the examples of personal area network, so I told you I already told you the examples like if you're sharing a hotspot if you are using a Cybercafe if you are using a VPN if you are using a small offices and if you are connecting Your device with a TV you are connecting your device with a simple Gaming mode then it that type of network we that type of network we have is called Personal area network. So again the personal area network is used to connecting the computers devices for only personal use Moving on The third type of network we have is man man is called Metro Colitan area network and if you want to create a network for a city for a village Basically a larger area that to show man is cover man network is covered with a larger area So different lands can if you if we connect different lands then it will become a Metro Colitan, right? So you can write a man network is a network that covers a larger area By interconnecting different lands if we connect different lands From a network and it became a man network metropolitan area network So in man network we connected we connect our device through a telephone exchange line the various protocols are also used to create this type of network and The range of this network is very high compared to local area network because the network we created in local area It the range is around 500 meters to one kilometers But this type of network we create the range can be for a city for a village for a large geographical area So if we have different types of land like if we have a land connected in here and if we land connected here and A land is connected here So if we connected those different lands using some technology or using internet This network is called man network This network is called man network. So Create to create a man network. We need more devices than the land network and The man is basically used in communication between the banks between the airline system To share the network in a city or the cable TV network. We have in a city is also a type of man You can use a man network in a university campus. You can use this type of network on a MNC companies Right. So what are the uses of this network? We we can Increase the area size using this network We can increase the area size and the data transfer speed can depends also on your What types of device you use if you use a high-level router then speed can be extremely faster What types of cable use like if you use cyber optics cable Then the speed can be faster So a man network basically covers a larger area by interconnecting different lands. So if we have like if in a city we have 100 types of land 100 networks connected using land and we connected We interconnected those lands. So this type of network we have is man network So man is also known as metropolitan area network and We use multiple devices or multiple network components to create a network. So basically all the network components we have is Used to create the these different types of network if you want to create a land network We we need to have we need Network components like hub network adapters and if we want to create a man network We need network components like routers switch Modem and the the last one we have is also used some Network components, but the area size of when network can depends what type of devices used and what area you have to cover So the next one is Hope you are getting this if you are not getting this Look down your comments in the chat books and I will answer after the When we take queries So I clear your doubts So the next and last Network type we have is when when is called wide area network? So according to this name it cover a very very wide range of area such as the state countries, right So if you want to create a network which can Transfer your data throughout the states or countries. We need a wide network So if you if you are connecting if you are using internet So the internet is the example of wide area network because you can access the data from Anywhere in the world you can access the data from any state in in the world. You can connect the data with Any devices you want you can share the data with any devices you connect with the internet So wide area network is a network when is a network back to extents for a large such as states and Countries so when is quite bigger than land or man and The Wide area network is also not limited to a single location Because it spans over a very large geographical area through telephone lines satellite links broadcast medium fiber optics cables. So a van is Not limited to a single location. The internet is One of the biggest van in the world as you All can understand why Internet is called van network because the internet has no limitations what type of devices you use where you live Where you want to receive or where you want to send your data from so the internet is one of the biggest van in the world Right. So the this type of net network is used For businesses government can use this type of network and for education purpose We use this type of network if you want to build a website and the website can be accessed From anywhere in the world. We use this type of network So different types of a different different lens different different man's if we connect if we interconnected those networks It will create a van network. So examples So the mobile broadband is also a van network But telecast the TV telecast stream channel is also known is is also example of van network So the network we have the network which covers very large area is known as when and covers very large geographical area covers With Created with very server and client network because we use websites so the software company work on the life server and the programmers get the updated so file within seconds of use of multiple websites for those type of Parries and the types of limitations Moving on now. We talk about network technologies. So We understand about how a network work how to create a network. What are the components we use? We need to use or we have to use to create a network But we have to arrange a network as well how your Devices can connect it with each other like the formations for the formations are called in a network is topology So the topology means network arrangement how your devices is arranged with each other how different devices can Can be connected with each other how your wires are connected. So we have five types of topology So topology means network topology means the arrangement of Computer network system is called topology and in the topology section. We have five types of topology So we have five types of formation to create or to arrange a network The name is dust topology ring topology Star topology tree topology and mass topology. These are the five main Formation we use when we create a network or when we arrange a network So the devices you use the computers you have the different types of network component You have the different types of cable you you have what formation you use to create a network is called topologies And these are the formation bus ring star tree or mesh Right, so let's see what formation or this type of network have and what are the formations what their limitations how They can create it so first we have bus In bus topology, we create the net we create networks With in T formation like a single wire is connected and that single wire is Sharing all the data the single wire The different types of computers are connected with these single wires. So the If I want to create a diagram, so this type of network we have like This is the line. This is the cable where networks are flown and if we connect multiple systems like this This type of formation is called bus arrangement or bus topology. So in bus topology A network cable is a backbone cable is connected all the systems And we connect all these systems using T formation. This is T formation we have to connect the network and this type of formation is called Bus topology. So in bus topology this topology designed in a way that All the stations stations means the devices you use or the computers you are connecting so the stations are connected a single cable known as Backbone cable. So the cable we have in the middle is known as backbone cable This cable is known as backbone cable but all the network all the data all the packets are Sending or receiving or transmitting using this cable. So this cable is known as backbone cable so if this cable is This cable is not receiving the data or transmitting the data. So all the other computers We connected using this cable or also not in the internet or not in the network So we have some advantage or some disadvantage While we create this type of formation this type of topology to build a network So the each node node means these these devices So each node is connected to backbone cable by directly or or directly connected to the backbone cable Okay, so when a computer when a node wants to send a message For to this computer like if you want to send a message from this computer to this computer The network flow will be the message will be generated from this computer and it will be shared for Using this line and the network is your packets are flown from this way and then the computer will receive your packet So the backbone cable is the messenger is the main cable Sends your packet you cannot say sends the all the packets directly using in bus formation So when a nodes wants to sense a message over the network it puts a message over the network So the devices in a network all the devices can intercept or can See what's what what type of message this node generated? So we we don't create this type of formation for a secure environment and The configuration is also very simple. You can connect with a single cable and in T formation So what about the advantage of this formation? So we hope you understand What is bus formation? So in bus formation? Let me explain again The bus formation is connected with a single line and in T formation So all the stations are connected with a single cable known as backbone cable The medium cable you have is known as backbone cable. So this type of formation known as bus formation So let's see what are the exam or advantage of this type of formation? so First example is we have very low cost cable We don't require much cabling to create this type of network So we it if you want to create this type of formation The cost will be very low because the nodes are directly connected to the cable without any network component like hub or router So the initial cost initial installation cost is very low The data speed is moderate moderate data speed Because the cables are coaxial cables or twisted pair cables are mainly used in bus formation So it supports up to 10 mbps 10 mbps Type 10 mbps speed in this the next advantage we have is family or technology So bus topology bus formation is a family technology as the installation or Troubleshooting techniques are very well known and the hardwares we use to create this network are easily available So the family technology we have this is an advantage of bus network and also limited failure If a node will fail if a node will shut down it doesn't have any effect on the other nodes limited failure These are the advantage of bus bus formation. So what are the disadvantage? One is signal interface Like if there are two nodes or two computers are wants to send the message Simultaneously then the signals of both the computers will collide with each other. So the signal interface will occur So that only one nodes can send a message in a single time Multiple nodes cannot send message simultaneously. Also The disadvantage are reconfiguration difficulty If you want to reconfigure this type of network the difficulty we face is adding new device to the network would slow down the network. So This is the disadvantage of a bus formation Reconfiguration difficulty Also We have signal loss This is also disadvantage of creating this types of a network because if A network data is transferred using a very Large area then the signals will roast throughout the way So repeaters are used to regenerate the signal. So signal loss is also disadvantage this type of formation Okay, so bus formation so bus topology in bus topology we connected all the stations using single cable known as backbone cable and It the advantage of this type of formation is motor data speed low-cost cable limited failure of family technology and the disadvantage are signal interference where multiple computers can't send a Message simultaneously if you want to reconfigure the networks adding new devices can be difficult to you and we have signal loss so this is bus topology or bus formation or bus arrangement of the network Next we have is ring ring formation as the name suggests in this formation All the devices or all the nodes are connected in ring formation Ring formation or a circle formation. So if I want to create a network So this is a network we have in ring formation and we connected Devices in this ring formation. I connected three devices using a ring formation So in this formation in this type of arrangement that data flows in only one directional It flow it can flow in anti-cloak wise No, and it will flow with the other computers can see the message of The first computer is sending so in ring it receives The message from the previous computer we transmit To the next node also the data flow in One directional So what are the advantage and this one disadvantage of this type of formation? So network management is the advantage of this type of formation because The devices which generate a fault error can be removed from the network without bringing the network down so I have to erase this diagram and Advantage Network management. So the faulty device can be removed very quickly without the bringing network down So this is the advantage of this network also the cost Is also at what was this type of formation because we use inexpensive hardware and easily available So the installation cost is also very low and it is reliable So it is more reliable network because the communication system is not dependent on the single host computer so we can rely on the The message we receive or the amount of data we shared throughout this network and What are the disadvantage we have? Is failure The network failure because the breakdown in one station lead to the failure of overall network Suppose a network a computer is down. So the whole network can be down So network failure is the disadvantage of this type of network this type of formation also Reconfiguration if Reconfiguration of this network is also very difficult. So Adding new devices to the network would slow down the network Also the delay packet delay. So communication delay is directly Propositional to the number of nodes. So if we add new devices will increase the communication delay because it takes More time to deliver a packet. So that in ring formation the computers are connected in a loop or in a one directional or in a clockwise direction And the one node is connected with the other node moving on The next we have star network or star formation starts topology So in a star topology this type of arrangement in which every node is connected to the central device Every node is connected to the central device or central computer or central network component you use So if I want to create a diagram for this type of network, this is your central device which is can be a hub or router or can be switch and All the devices are separately connected with this All the devices are separately connected with this central node So this is type of arrangement of this this is an arrangement of the network in which Every node is connected to the central hub. The central hub is known as server This is known as server and the others we have is client These are the clients we have clients So the central computer is known as server and the other devices connected with the server known as clients and Each node is separately connected with the central node with central network component the hub switch or central computer and hub or switches are mainly used to create this type of network and This type of topology or furnished formation is very most popular in the network implementation because It can provide you in in error free Formation because see If this node Will down if this node will know this node will not transfer the data the other nodes the connected network will serve perfectly So again, I'm repeating the star network the All the nodes are connected with a central computer known as server and the other systems are known as clients Mainly cables or connectors are used to create this type of network So if you see a computer lab the lab is designed using this type of formation a Central device is also used to create this network and the devices are Hub or switches or can be router as well If you want to talk about the advantage of this type of network the advantage are we can Control the network we can control because we use a server so we can control all the devices What what we want to send in the network both what we want to do not want to send the network so we can Network control so this is the advantage We can control the network so network control limited failure as You go as you all can understand why this is a advantage because one notes is down the other notes are Perfectly so limited failure and easily expandable. This is the main Advantage we can expand the network with very easily Because we don't have to move the other formation We don't we only need if you want to add more networks We can separately connect with this server and the network can be expanded also cost effective cost effective and high Data is and if you want to talk about disadvantage So one is central point of failure like if this system goes down This server goes down all the connected device this server goes down But all the devices connected with this is also goes down So a central point of failure is the main disadvantage of this type of network The fourth one we have is tree formation or tree topology. So according to this name the Computers and the devices will be connected Using branches in branch formation as the tree have many branches So this type of network have also very branches and connected in a branch formation like this so we have this is our main cable and using this cable and Connecting to computers With these two computers. I connected for the computers like this The other computers are connected In a branch formation So this is this type of formation as known as tree formation. So tree is basically a combination of luck bus plus star plus bus plus star formation are Combinedly known as tree formation. So in tree topology or tree structure all the computers are connected with each other in Heretical fashions and the top most The top most known node in tree topology known as root node and the other nodes are The descendants of these root nodes So what is the advantage of this type of? Formation so it supports broad broadband transmission easily expandable easily manageable limited failure These all are the advantage of this type of network and what are the disadvantage we have? One is high post because we need more cables more components to create this network So we the cost is very high and the failure and Network failure if our central node can fail the all the connected systems will not transmit the data So network failure will disadvantage of this formation So in tree formation we use bus plus star formation combined lead and Computers are or nodes are connected in a branch formation. We can easily expand this network We can easily manage this network this type of network used for broadband transmission and To create this type of formation the cost is very high and network failure can occur moving on the next Formation we have and the last formation we have is match topology So mass topology now is an arrangement of network in which all the computers are interconnected with each other like All the all these topologies like the star ring and Tree the computers all the computers are not interconnected with each other only single computers are connected with the other But in mass topology all the networks all the computers all the computers are Inter Connected with each other are multiple paths One computer another computer So if I want to create a diagram a flowchart for this type of network, so this is a Mass formation all the devices will interact with each other like the device number One is connected to two two is connected to three all the devices is connected with each other like one device Is connected with these two or three number devices and the two number devices Device is connected with one or three number devices three is also connected with one or two number devices so all the devices are interacted with each other interconnected with the each other and The internet is the main example of mesh formation where all the devices are interconnected So we use mesh for Van Implementation so we if you want to create a van network we use mass topology So also this topology is used for creating wireless network right So what are the advantages so if one is fast communication easier reconfiguration it is very reliable So this is the advantage we have Fast communication reliable easily reconfiguration we can configure very easily if you want to and What is the disadvantage one is cost other is management to manage this type of network can be Can can be very difficult to maintain or manage So if the this type of network is not monitored carefully the all the communication link will failure goes undetected and Also efficiency of this type of network is very high and so We use multiple connections to maintain this type of network So we have five types of network formation one is bus ring star three and mash right so Move on so we are discussed about all the network formation we have now We we also want to read about the addressing system, but the time is very low, but I will Cover the topics remaining topics in the next session So Over to you, sir Okay. Yeah, great session so much. So I think in today's session lots of different theoretical concepts are covered and going forward like If you if you want to understand cybersecurity properly, so all these topologies are important right, so if you have any doubts, so just go through the recording and Watch that again Understand and now if you have any question you can ask. So I'm just sharing the Chat quickly so that if you have any question, so summit will be answering those questions life So whatever questions you have, please ask so here you can see chat is shared and Whatever questions are available. So it is going to answer They know is asking is it required to open Cisco certifications to become cyber security expert? No way. No, it doesn't require to obtain Cisco certification But you can do Cisco certifications for boost your career to Showcase your skills or to gain more knowledge from the Cisco course or system Cisco certifications SS is asking I didn't understand topology. So basically SS topologies are the formation of How your network is connected? so the different types of formation we have to Create or connect in network. So these formations are called topologies Like if you want to create a network for a computer lab, we use different formation If you are you use wireless top technology We use different formation and if we connected if you built a server and controlled all the computers in our Using our server. So we built different formations. So these formations are called topologies No topology is not wiring connectivity on it topology can be used in wireless network as well What type of umka is asking what type of network topology is mostly used in real-time? So umka it depends on Your network what type of network you want, but we use mostly wireless technology in today's era so We use star network or mass network mass topology or star topology very often and but in a smaller environment we use bus or Information as well. So no more questions, sir Okay, so guys if you have any more question, you can just ask and I Would say like if you want to understand these concepts properly So just go through the session recording once again so that You you can understand the things. I think one more question is there When I was asking do we have server in only a star topology and other topology don't have server When you the star topologies is mainly Connected with the server, but we have server in other topologies as well like if you use three topology or A mass topology we have server It depends what what types of sharing we want if you want to control the all the connected device We implement a server, but the server is connected with the formation So we have a server in other topologies as well guys any more questions if you have just asked otherwise we are going to end this session and this week we conducted three sessions and Next session will be on next Monday. I will remind you through telegram group and From next week onwards like sessions will be practical So you will be able to do some hands-on with your laptop or computers, right Smith? Yes, so you need Your computer in which what types of operating system you have So if you have a window operating system is fine for me I will tell you how to configure a Linux operating system for most of the part because we use various types of scripts and tools To throughout the sessions throughout this bootcamp. So we need a Linux operating system Linux based operating system Basically, so I will tell you how to install in your windows operating system without disturbing your main OS I think there is one more question What's the difference between server server is controlling all the devices and the root node is all where all the communications or the Transmissions or all the connectivity is are flowing So root node is not a server. It is it is basically the node which is sharing the data Where the data is originated firstly, okay guys So I'm just ending the session and yes SS. We will be sharing this instruction. So Keep an eye on telegram group so that you get the notification for next week sessions and I'm sure like next week's onwards sessions will be More interactive because you will be doing some hands-on with your laptop and computer so do follow all the sessions here share the words and Please subscribe the channel of Sumit as well because on Sumit's channel, you will find crisp videos Related to particular topic, right? So just just follow and Try to understand the cyber security is very demanding technology. It is not Famous amongst people. So that's why we are doing this initiative so that people get to know what cyber security is and Like folks can easily build a career in this technology Okay. Thank you everyone. See you on Monday. Thank you summit for sharing your knowledge with the people. Thank you everyone Thank you sir