 Jean-Claude, can I ask you a favor? Can you go outside the door? There is just outside the door on your left There is a button. You press it for the ring, please so that Okay, all right, so Welcome back and let's start a new lecture by Fatima Ben-Asaya for the University of Bejaya, Algeria Fatima has prepared very nice lecture with case study on plant biomonitoring to assess exposition to pollutants. The floor is yours, Fatima. Thank you Good morning everybody. Last time we saw Methods about biomonitoring using plants. Tomorrow we will see case study which is carried in Bejaya city Bejaya which is Algerian Mediterranean region There are many studies about air pollution in there Maybe there is no equipment, but there is some studies which are done there All of them Showed that the measures of pollution in there is automobile, this is one case study about estimating of Nitrogen oxides This is for three pollutants It Sorry, so it shows this figure show that the measures of pollution is automobile Others about particulate the same shows that the main source is automobile and the concentration raise over the World Health Organization limits Though the study is about Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon which are metagenetic and Which have metagenic and carcinogenic properties Many studies in Europe and Over the world are done in this subject, but in Bejaya which Show height level for other pollutants. There is no study Concerning this The concerning this pollutant in this context this study aimed at testing the use of petunia Ibrida and the Xontorga Periantina For detecting PAH pollutant concentration in this area So the effects of this pollutant in plants is mainly necrosis chlorosis chlorosis and for if you learn for example if there are 0.01 PPM it causes loss of Buds in tomatoes and the peepers Here are some species used in biomonitoring of this pollutant First petunia, which is a bio indicator of ethylene and formaldehyde Some mousses also are used to detect this pollutant and There are others for example Needles are also used to detect this organic pollutant and Leakens like Xontoria are used to bio accumulate the Polycyclic aromatic For the study area which is Bejaya so I tell that it's I thought that it's Origin of Mediterranean region which is situated in the east of Algeria for the sampling The collection of the samples for the petunia we have eight We have eight different Station in the urban area of Bejaya and we have a seat control in rural Station which is in Dan which is 35 kilometers from the urban area of Bejaya and for leakens we are taking Okay, and for leakens we taken a seat from Tahrash to which is an industrial seat the characteristic of meteorological parameters are In the time all So we have taken seven Seven measurements In average when one measurement at week for petunia And the procedure for petunia is that we taken seats We cultivated seats With the same condition for six weeks and then we We put them to the exposure in the seat of Monitoring so 60 plants are used in 10 stations in 10 seats for Seawicks and 10 morphological parameters are taken in consideration In each measurement we take the number of flowers We also take the diameter of flowers general growth leaf size number of necrosis leaves length of the Enter not number of a bordered button and In the final in the end of the experience we take the dry weights of plants for leakens samples are taken from one meter for from the ground and We take for each tree of oliva we take three samples Depending to the direction nor east west and south The exauntoria is so folio folios leakens which is Which has a yellow color We have to complete this data sheet For each tree and at the laboratory we Used a technique which is taken from Afnor the standard the norm of leakens Realized by Afnor for the leakens we taken the preparation technique used for Leakens we take 06 gram Of leakens we Put them in those socks lead to if for for two hours so to extract The hydrocarbons and then this is the procedure for the Preparation of symbols when we recuperate the The the the simple we pass it to the caramo chromatography Analytic technique to know the the category of hydrocarbon content in the leakens for the result concerning leakens we measured two parameters we measured the chlorophyll because it's a content which reflect the Chlorosis of the the plant so we find A different a significant difference between control seats which is taken in the Rural station and other seats which are urban or industrial So we have 568 microgram per gram dry matter for the control Where is it's a 1 point? 27 for the industry the the the seat industry The second parameter Taken is the content so the it's our objective the the content on hydrocarbons so we We find also a Significant difference between control and other seats For petunia Results shows Rise of About General growth. So when we take in a general growth of the plant in All of the stations we are market that there is an increase of Values but the diameter flowers we show we we we see there is Stability of increasing in Values number of necrosis lives it's Different between stations We we share we see here for example for the station of lagar The value are less than others stations results show the correlation between morphological parameters and the the measurement taken about Particle fine particle We had Air which is which is equal 0.8 and Daweji which is or urban station shows the biggest the biggest value of PM Particular to find particulate When we compare the results with the control we find we found that the the station Daweji Abaril and will have Significant different With the control because they are the are urban areas the same for the mean flower number Also Daweji Amarillo and will shows the difference different significant difference Significative also the mean flower diameter Will Daweji and Hedon Hedon you see is urban station number of necrosis lives Also shows difference between Amarillo poor lagar and the control We dry weights also shows the same results. It shows that Daweji Will are the most Polluted seeds Regarding the factorial correspondence analysis We have two groups of parameters parameters of Damage the group of parameters of damage which are the number of Necrosis lives and The second group which are the the general growth of plants which are the enter node and Flower diameter and others At the end we We we the number of plants is 30 in the In the beginning we have we had the 60 This is the vandalism that we that I mentioned the last time the Disadvantages of Active monitoring is that there is vandalism others they People take the 30 others plants so it It rest only 30 Plants at the at the end It shows so laggar station laggar Terga, you know, so you didn't are regrouped because they are Far from far from the the automobile source pollution but Amarillo Daweji, which are The urban Seeds are far from the others seats so this work Conduced in BJR showed that show that petunia is Montre the morphological characteristics and That shows that there is air pollution about Hydrocarbon the results shows also that there is a difference in chlorophyll content in Gisantoria, but it's a modest study. It's not It's not Not to reflect the real the real situation and that's for for that for it's the It must be completed by others method monitoring method Studies in bio monitoring continue in BJR, but not only for these two species And then we have recently provided the new Hydrocarbon aromatic polycyclic estimate in all the region of Cabela and Analyses are going for Vira and Tizio so So last night we saw an endis Endis atmospheric of purity I prepared for you in exercises how to calculate it You Dorothy so we'll send you an excel sheet I give you this formula and Then we try together to calculate this index So the index atmospheric purity equal the sum of Q Multiply in tip life per Frequency divided by 10 though where n is number of species Q is the factor of accompanying species the factor of accompanying species q So is calculated like this. We have only one station in the example so we have to to some to addition only the These samples we have eight samples Dividing I by M which is the number of station where the Species of interest is present and then the F is the cover Cover it is given in the exercise is given by frequency in percentage you have to translate it to Brom blanket level so when the frequency is They pass 75 it means that it's The F equal five Okay. Thank you very much We can start do you want any question now Fatima before what do we start the exercise like you want it, okay, so If you have question, of course, what this modest study Have you understand the the the case today? This is our last case study of the school. So You should have received it now Okay, so no no special question Okay, so do we make group Fatima do you want that people working group as they work alone they like Okay Okay, so everybody makes a so we will make they will be just a debriefing like that. Okay. Yeah The mail I've just sent it is as the address is Dorothy that Moison at gmail.com so may you should have received some of you have received it Yes, okay, so that the good news the other one should receive it You have 15 minutes you've got 15 minutes max I Still have five minutes counting time time is running out And now time is out It turns very fast Timma Fatima Let's go I guess now we have to to make the correction If you don't mind Fatima you want to I'll let you We correct Yeah Just The first column yes We correct so To calculate the the queue We have we have to calculate the number of accompanying species of For each species for example for the first one It's the first one it exists in the seat one seat two seat three Seat six and seat seven and the number of Accompanied species in the first seat is 12 right In the second in the second is eight The number of speed accompanying species for the first in the second seat is eight Is it and In the third the number of accompanying species is nine The total is then the number of accompanying is nine. So we have to Addition the Number of accompanying species here Where is it? Accompanied so here it's 39 for all of seats for the first For the first species there it's accompanied by 36 pieces we have to be did this number by the Number of seats which is five This species exists in five seats. So it is 7.8 You do the same for all other species you have So OQ which is between seven and the 11 and the 13 Yes Fatima, sorry. I hardly understand about the calculation Maybe you could help us by putting the the cursor on the on the number so we can know the formula How do you calculate that number? Thank you Just to click on the cell one that you mean on the cell, okay? L colon L colon Cell one L colon L L colon Yeah, and so what? I think the formulas are not in the sheet so is is the number is the number Q is the number of species a Companion the The the concerning species we for the first for example species. Yes, we will we want to Q is calculated for each species Okay Q1 which is the Q of the species one is equal the number of the total number of Accompanying this species in each seat with addition we addition the the the sum of species accompanying this Space species Okay for the first seat there are 13 there are 13 Species so how much species accompanying the first species and this in this seat in the seat in the seat one Species accompanying the first 12 12 you because perhaps Accompanying species is not the term in English Accompanying this is best accompany at risk 12 It's a yes itself Plus 12 species the total is 13 The the seat is for example a tree imagine the seat is the tree The station we have the station for example here in this in this area We taken eight trees and we do the symbols from one meter from the ground Yeah, you take We take the degree of 50 centimeters and we quantify the frequency of each species for the first Tree we find five species or we find 13 species Okay, but the species which interest as is the first to calculate the queue the number of Accompanying species is 12 and then for the first The first the first time did you see did you see before a table of Ursul's more of flower flower Yes, did you yeah, okay, it's when we you see a frequency is the presence of the species, okay the frequency Species has a frequency it means that it exists in the seat one for example in the seat two seat three so in the for Q We just Look the existence of the species it exists. Okay, one two three So we have 13 species for the first seat we have eight for the second 10 for the third Etc. So 30 30 30 39 is the number of accompanying species of the first species For it so it's 12. Yes 12 plus 7 plus 9 plus Six plus plus one Yeah, yes Move to the second the second is more simple It exists only in the in two in two seats in the six and the in the in the seven and the eight Seat is it? The second yeah, it exists only in the seven yes the number of accompanying species in this case is Seven My mind's yes six. Yes Six divided by one because it exists only in one seat. We divided it with David did it by one Yes, even in the formula in Before you Q Q we have to calculate Q now We Q we calculate we calculate Q Q is the sensitivity and Sensitive sensitivity of the species Sensitivity for example for the the second Is is not sensible is not Sensitive species it exists Although Malgré other species don't exist really for the second for the second Species it exists. It exists Although other species don't exist. So it's tolerant to the stress in the in this environment Yeah, yeah Get How much 43 12 7 19 19 39 39, okay This is so for for for Q for Q is the principle is this to calculate for each species You calculate the for each species you calculate the number of Accompany species Geat Fatima, yes, I think that we are we are way off tough time. So I suggest that maybe make a correction something on Yeah Can you add the formulas in the excel sheet so that the people can follow the calculation and Then maybe we can send it over to everybody. Yes And they can interact with you on the internet on by me, but I'm sorry. We we need to move on. Thank you very much. Fatima So now it's Carla look lecture about the recommendation on the way you should communicate risk including some few slides on how to do a systematic review because Most of them asked for that lesson. So I will be quick Just an advice at 20 Reporting Okay, we The time is really short So you can read the Presentations after because everybody will be available for you to read and to use my messages Use these lights organize your own seminars in your place and Try to share the knowledge with the other colleagues that are not here. Okay So that's the second there the why We have talked all the all the week Say, okay, you can take that from the literature or you can use already published studies You can you can how? Okay? It we We know that there is a body or literature that can be used when we are in the phases of hypothesis Creating maybe you you don't even you don't even have a clear Hypothesis you want to you know consolidate and formulate a proper one So my suggestion is go to the literature to excel and have a look at what is already Published already available. So we want to we will have several published paper and we want to Conclude something. What what are they saying? So and the body of literature is extremely high. I mean as In the internet the Google time is really easy to to put also that there are a lot of online Journal open access so you don't have to pay to download the paper But there are a lot. I mean it's it's really most so what you can do You should be so good in select the best study They what the one that guarantee you a few bias bias is means mistakes error something inside the articles that can can have affected the results having a public Study published doesn't mean that the study is a very good one So you should be able to judge among what is available in the literature and also you want to conclude You want a relative risk you want one estimate of the effect So you have to move between the narrative reviews and the systematic reviews as you say here The it's quite simple because we have a lot of publications including Gray literature great literature are the reports. I mean The report that maybe you can write down for your own public health or ministry Or in great literature also go the abstracts Presented at the meeting for example the difference the difference is between gray literature and Published I mean a good the literature is the peer review systems when it when a paper is published Other colleagues before the publication have judged the results and ask it for Clarification do a get the analysis you can do like that Please say something else because the discussion are very poor. So that we we can have Good quality paper a less good quality paper and everything is narrative I mean, it's useful if you want to have an idea then you can a narrative review Simply is a kind of when you write down your thesis you read Roll the articles and then you try to you know to describe in order the first the second the third but in a systematic review The criteria are very straight. I mean you need experts to do that. There is statistical analysis a systematic review Include a search strategy that should that have to be defined in advance in a protocol So a science is something that can be we know because we are scientists and sometimes if the quality of the articles are Similar if there are few risk of Heterogeneity you can also provide an estimates a medium estimates of the results, which is the meta-analytic Estimates so the meta analysis is something inside the systematic reviews and the system I think the results are part of a narrative Reviews so it's on you. It depends of your skill or what you want to do and if you need it If the meta-analytic estimates is useful or not So we have a lot of problems negative reviews because you know, there is no peer review You can do whatever you want. You can include only positive results exclude just include maybe for us as we are not English speakers You know Getting published in in in Italian in an article in my own language can be possible in Italy But not outside Italy. So even if a very good study but published in in Italian in an Italian Journal cannot be accepted in a systematic reviews because usually they include the people Papers that they can read so in English that can be also a bias And on the opposite the systematic Review approach is very useful and you can read the slide Be careful in red that also a very well conducting a systematic review as problem because once a paper is published is old because maybe you are the How to say the the peer review process sometimes takes month Three four six months and maybe you write down your study a year after the experiment is finished so maybe you can take a couple of years getting published and then all the results are Related to something Described in the past so all by definition all the systematic review include Retrospective approach so they they develop validity of the of a systematic Review strongly depends on the papers that you as a researcher decided to include or not So there is a step steps a protocol that can be followed I think we are not time to read the in in details These steps, but they are available on the study all the steps are very important But as all the science all the research be brave in formulae, so you try to take a picture go but there will be the The on the website so formulated the question is really really very important There is this statement called Pico. We says he says it says that you have very well every man every mind Participants inclusion when we in this case we are not talking about people We are talking about studies was study. I have to include what I have to exclude so participants the exposure definition The comparison and the outcomes and you can find the approach in these published journalists You can download for free and the system is called navigation guide for systematic review in environmental epidemiology So the search strategy we we want to find the articles what we can do You need maybe for the very first time Someone that already have done it. We call it an information specialist. There are Scientists as well They come from different field of research even from, you know, PhD in journalism in scientific Year in ICTP. They have a program special program The suggestion is to search more than what one that database also for search for unpublished studies if possible if you see at the meeting a Colleagues talking about the research if you as as we did in the poster presentation If we look a very interesting results in a poster, but maybe no papers are coming So no published paper will be a pity So maybe if you are aware that some studies have be conducted my baby They ended not in a published Journal but in a poster presentation or in a congress ask the authors to send you all the materials and Don't put language restriction how we can do we need translators Because of course it's from Hungary or from Iran You you have a very well paper. It's for me as Italian is impossible to to understand so we need the translation and The databases come mad is most The majority you can find in a good library at your university center But mad is very good. It's free. You can download that I mean I just put Google permit and you can find that the all the abstract and If the paper is available for free, you can download the paper if it's not the the the journal will ask you a fee to have to have the paper sent but my suggestion is right to the author and Most of us are very happy to send the a PDF. It's illegal, but No, not illegal and from the web webinar Something that is possible to ask for if you don't have the money to do another way Okay, so sorry. There is this new research. I mean I'm old but it's a research gate Register and research gate and use it to share your your information is a net is a network I think you are already all in I'm not in but yes or also scopus. I'm a scopus actually and Let be good in selecting also gray literatures Report papers something not even if it's not peer reviewed the governmental act Can be included and Google so a search strategy. We don't don't have time to go in details It depends of the hypothesis that you have but you can Google how to do a search strategy and you find and you find some example But the main focus is in your protocol, please define very well the inclusion and Exclusion criteria of your study. For example, which type of studies look, we are talking about health Environmental epidemiology. We cannot perform a clinical trial Because in a trial the researcher assign the exposure. So for example for drug To test the efficacy of the effectiveness of a medicine of drugs You can divide the the the old sample in two one will take the pills The other one will take a placebo and you can wait for a while and compare the results if the drug is effective probably you have a less Disease or a better outcomes in people tracking the drugs, but what about environmental epidemiology? Can we exposure? People exposed people to benzene to dioxin to nickel to metals. It's impossible So in environmental exposure is the randomization of the exposure is something not ethical You cannot do even think of doing that. So in environmental exposure. We are not talking about experiment We are talking about Observational study because what the researchers can do is observe what is happen everybody are breathing So maybe one some few of us can be effective over pollution I don't know but we cannot assign the exposure is so the quality of the conclusion coming from Observational studies and in some sense lower that the one coming from the experiment because in the experiment the Researcher can take all the other aspect fixed and what is the only difference is the exposure and the level of the exposure Rats in the lab. You can exposure rats to dioxin and Observe what what it will happen. We cannot do it for humans. So humans you cannot just Observed but all other aspects can are going to influence the results the diet the gender The socio-economic status other concomitant environmental exposure. So in epidemiology the issue is Is keep this one. This is an example. I'm now conducting Systematic review about what is the epidemiological approach used in industrially contaminated sites worldwide I'm just collecting all the possible industrially contaminated sites Around the world because I want to know where is conducting which kind of epidemiological approach or Biomanic only supplies and we will end with a nice maps of this by by world And and you have to publish also the search strategy because people in are interested in the articles that you At the end include it, but also they want to do why you are excluding some Published Study in your review the bias is the systematic Review I told you this is the overall quality of the study the best one is the experiment Randomized control trial, but then we have the observational approach at the end We have the case series once you mentioned we are going to just to include the patients from an hospital We are here in a case that sorry serious panel study and as you can see the Level of the overall quality is less than and because a lot of other Factor are going to influence your study, but still valid is still in possibility in epidemiology Why the results can be not so precise for the sample sites when you said I'm looking by your monitoring 15 People and myself Carla 1100 the body the sample sites of mine human biomonitoring even if I'm doing the same the same study with the same Exposure assessment methods with the same methodology, but my sample results will be more precise Let the confidence the confidence interval will be narrow just because of the sample size of the study And so which means the real study will have an estimate But a very large Imprecious imprecision due to the small sample site mine may be the same estimate But we narrow confidence interval the publication bias. I don't know if you are aware of It was more in the past than now But I have to tell that positive studies have more chance to get Impublished I mean because you find a risk the null Hypothesis are not really interested in my opinion is not anymore like that But what about if you want to include studies coming from 20 years ago? they're still part of body of the literature and Finally the results the only results of meta-analytical of a systematic review is to publish the search strategy to publish to include in your article the in the follow the flowchart of the inclusion as closure criteria and then the results and the results are like that Probably we already have seen it. This is the example that Francesco for a stare presented two days ago How does it work for each line? We have a way we have an hypothesis the hypothesis is to test the Association between PMT for 2.5 and all cause mortality We are so good that we include the best paper available in the literature We didn't make any mistakes all the relevant are here. The bias are Are not included and the Interaginity is so small that we can also think about produce a meta-analytic Estimates so in each row there will be a paper and this is the results of all the papers see for example Okay, the if there is no effect All the study are all the point that have to stay in this in this line The one sorry this one the one line because one means no effect Exposed and unexposed share the same outcome as you can say the majority of the studies has on the other side, which means that we can Tell a relative risk starting from one and going up and and what we can see if this Sample size If this is important if the sample size is big the confidence interval are very Narrow and in the meta-analytic estimate, which is this one As we are including everything we don't have any problem at all. So I know that it's more than that We talk about I Finished with the systematic review, but what is important and what is my message for you? Is please when you now we are in the face of communicating the results having Taking care to include in your communication plants also the most fragile part but part of the populations including the susceptible because sometimes they ask you what I have to do From this is from my experience. I work on noise and aircraft noise So or in this in some disease should I move a house? It's not all it's not possible Sometimes to go for another else What I have to do with my children with the air pollution is so high that he cannot breath because he Suffering asthma should I consider a pollution levels when choosing a school the example of the school? Maybe you can choose a school which is good for the health of your children in a green area if possible instead of in another one there are different ways of Explained the risk we now already Everybody can tell as playing the dose response relationship. This is the spigal art Explanation more detailed about the person time and the risk but look at this. This is very clear to cigarettes It's equal to beers. It means five kilos more if you I'm keeping on Container so sometimes when especially if you talk not a Specialistic so specialized people if you it's good to use some example because the The to make it clear There is good communication include the several aspects and several strategies I'm not going to read all of it, but this is my advice. Please as a researcher. You are the responsible of everything Consistences in the message is sometimes a researcher says something the politician After Evan listened to your presentation starting say something else the journalism in the Journalist the day of the Congress of the Congress take notes and published other results you are in charge to follow all these aspects because what it can is is Is important is the consistency so we cannot you know as a well Responsible for the diffusion of the information that should be an internal consensus is very very high now Just quick, but it's nice in my opinion. How can I explain my results? You can choose graphic? maps Tables limits the tables use a proper font not so small even in the presentation Avoid the very small font because it's impossible to read sometimes. It's good to mix. Okay. I want to use a map What about the colors are important here is a mess. How can you judge what? Independently of this object and we are not talking on that but you can see it's very very Having chosen this pattern is very difficult for a reader to understand This one a bed for people having The blindness of collards. I don't even remember in Italian was the Dalton is mo Daltonic people they cannot tell the difference between green and red So if you choose green and red, no, no, it's important that they just say flat gray Everything is flat and gray. This is a bad use too dark this one even worst and this In my opinion, it's an effective map design because you don't you know, you are not even avoiding a red or black when they Because I'm a public health researcher. I should Reassure us people not to create a drama. So this gradation is can be read There is no red in so even people with blindness of color can can read it I think I'm finished just to say that when you create a map Please take care of the level of aggression that you use because the results can change And those are all the aspects that you should Taking into account when you write down a report for your authorities for your not a scientific paper The report of your own health impact assessment and these are the APA is communication Got the lies is my my finish and I like very much this one Speak clearly and I'm not good and that and with compassion Because it's important. Don't be neutral be on the side of your research because if you are going to Flatness, I mean alone It will be a mess. So please use the emphasis and Sleep, you know, wake up people if they are sleeping when you took. Thank you so much No, no question for this action. No, you have because we don't have time. No We do. Okay, so Okay, no, I mean just maybe for the first part and the second part there's nothing to comment No question of the communication Yeah, but now we are with is a general discussion is about so Free speech. So if you have any question, please address them to Carla. Where is François? Please raise your hand because Where is that last year I Took part in this systematic or literature review and thank you very much for the very well methodology you gave us Only maybe We could take something about the software. I used Mandalay to make the literature most structured and then From there, I think it was Ryan then you select which Papers you want to include So my delay tooks the abstracts and Titles and the authors and then from run you can see more in more detail And read Are you asking about the the very first touch or inclusion of the article because when the very first Selection that you can do is based only on the title of the abstract and You select and then you import in Mandalay and from there You know we are the end the note Excuse me We use I mean when you if you have to Judge ten papers you just download the articles and read it Yes, if it's not that much, it's not it's not that much Otherwise, there are software that can help you one is and note and like the end note Which is the the license is cheap. It would be around 80 euros per a year So ask you maybe your library to buy which is very good in managing the the articles But to obtain the articles you should have a librarian So well you maybe ask him or you can write yourself To the outwards and ask for the PDF of the of the journal. Yeah, thank you I have just comments first one is about How we how when we can download the papers It was about to pay for download it for students. It's not easy. So there are some other Opportunities that some sites which is Russia from Russia. We can download the papers easily Is maybe is not is for is not legally but we can download for students second for How we can communicate our results for example, Miriam said that they have some issue to the answers that you have received from the appears that the studies is was for local issue and limited and interest and only and Lebanon I have received some message, but I think that if we we can Extract our results from local to regional or international and then present our result Thiefly we can't publish it either without any problem. I think that you are right I mean there are two ways of communicate the not two ways to sides, I mean the first one is in among the international community of researchers Which means for you to go ask for You know apply submit abstract in an international Congress or you know Workshops even other courses like this one because it's a way to for you to let the others know What are you doing and what extent the other one is to get in published in order to be? To be read by the other colleagues All around the world the third aspect is when you have to communicate your results at your local level At your decision makers. So that's probably the worst the bad aspect because as a scientist You we can you know, we can write we can perform a research But then when you are going to communicate results to people affected or To decision-makers that have to take the decisions. There are different kind of communication skill required Sometimes we don't have as a researcher for example, maybe we are very good in providing Estimates a number Uncertainties but not good to say something to an audience full of mother with children having leukemia It's different that trust me Because of because of a plant or because of a waste disposal site. I mean so it was really very nice presentation for me and My my maybe my I'm looking for your suggestion I am trying to compare the literatures on indoor outdoor pollution and health effect and specially how land use land cover change changing air quality that is the objective through the literatures and I have searched almost 40,000 Still my supervisor is not happy with the numbers So what are the database you would suggest me to because I've done a pub made World of Sciences Scoopers and many others so around four database With 40,000 available literatures and PDFs still my supervisor says It is not enough. So what is what should be the enough according to your suggestion? I mean What else? Well, I know it's I Know that this difference it depends on where you live in the world Probably ask Colleagues, I mean create a net. I mean, that's the only way if you don't have Access to these resources is quite impossible because how can you know if a Paper is getting published or not? Maybe one idea is to focus your research on other Reviews instead of original paper case because if you start from a review, it's a very good one Inside the reviews you can already have a lot a lot of you know papers published there The limitation is that this is not ongoing research is finished research and you would like to move on So, but I don't understand why can't you cannot go on pub mad because you don't have internet facilities No, no, I have made another Let's start with Pamedi Pamedi the majority of the Of the article so we probably not in environmental only but if you look at environment and health Body of literature to present areas is sufficient. I I know that some technical journals maybe not Not including health are not in try Pamed and then Google it. I mean Google use Google Okay, thank you so much So any other issue so we're done with a question We're done Okay, so no no we have normally a general discussion session. We have 30 minutes for that so we are comfortable enough. We have discussed already many times but Maybe there are some additional things to share for instance The little game I asked you to play with us. So you were less in that game I see only one, two, three, four, five Five of you are committed to do something after that school Maybe you're keeping your secrets. Okay, you are the right Okay, so by the way, maybe we should we owe you a little Clarification about yesterday's around table because indeed we We had you in the room, of course But we also invited the scientist of ICTP to join in and exchange with us So we had a few of them We had of course the organizers the local organizer was Philip or Georgie. You met him at the beginning of the school He'll be back for the closure of the school and there were a couple of two other scientists I don't know exactly who they were and we had the Press officer or communication officer who was there and was trying to see what she could write From what we were saying. Actually, we've checked on the web It seems she didn't find much to say about what we're saying Of course, it was more about brainstorming about the issue we have with facing the business is not so Yeah Adding that we said it was anonymous and stuff on if they use it, they won't be your names or anything We're just about the conversation. So they were there But if they tweet or anything it won't say it's this name saying that or anything Talking about Egypt and politics or something. So it just it was a discussion with people present Maybe writing but without any name So no No issue on that. No problem. Don't worry Okay So maybe you want to say something kind of Francois you want to say something well before saying something I would like to have some feedback on what What you've learned what you feel what could be a follow-on Yeah, but what could be a follow-on of this school are you all tired and