 It's time for the Lawn Jean Chronoscope, a television journal of the important issues of the hour brought to you every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, a presentation of the Lawn Jean Wittner Watch Company, maker of Lawn Jean, the world's most honored watch, and Wittner, distinguished companion to the world-honored Lawn Jean. Good evening. This is Frank Knight. May I introduce our co-editors for this edition of the Lawn Jean Chronoscope? From the CBS television news staff, Larry Lassur and Don Hollenbeck. Our distinguished guest for this evening is Colonel Irene O. Galloway, director of the Women's Army Corps. This week we celebrate Armed Forces Day. Three times in the past 10 years, we've been forced to wonder whether our troops have been forced to fight on foreign soil. In fact, in the past 10 years, the threat of world war has never been remote. If such a disaster should occur, of course, women would be needed as much as men. And Colonel Galloway, you're the director of the Women's Army Corps. I ask for a start. Just how many women are under your command now? Well, Larry, right now we have 8,500 women. However, you remember during World War II, we had about, oh, I would say approximately 100,000 women serving at one time. We had 150,000 women enlisted in the Corps during World War II. See, so they're just about 10,000, 12,000 now, you see? That's right. How many of those are overseas, Colonel? We have about 30% overseas serving in Okinawa, Japan, Germany, France, and Italy. Well, Colonel Galloway, before I ask why women joined the Army, may I ask you why you joined up? Well, Larry, it was in June of 1942, it was coming from St. Patrick's Cathedral. A friend and I were discussing the article we had just read in the New York Times that morning, the possibility of women joining service. So the next Monday morning we found ourselves down at Whitehall trying to enlist. Just like that. Did you, I suppose you had possibly relatives in the Army? I had a brother serving on the Pacific and I felt I too should do something. Well, may I ask, Colonel Galloway, do you find now that there are objections from parents about their girls going into the Army? Not too much. There always is, I would say, some reluctant on the part of the parents to see a young daughter leave home, whether it's to go to college, into business, or into service. However, any girl under 21 years of age must get parental consent to come into the service. Well, at what age do you accept people in the Women's Army Corps? 18 to 35 years of age. However, we still have quite a few women in service from World War II. And we have one woman who just recently had her 60th birthday. How's your rate of re-enlistment, Colonel? Quite high. And I was very pleased finding that some of the women who felt that they perhaps would like to have a prayer in civilian life have now returned to the service after being in civilian life for two or three years. They find they have better opportunities, that is. They feel so. They have vanishes, travel, education. In fact, I feel the opportunities for women in service are unlimited. It depends upon the individual women. Colonel, may I ask you this question? What actually do you do in the Women's Army Corps now to make the career of being a woman in the Army attractive to women? Do you, if I may say so, do something about their uniforms, about their hats? Well, we don't feel we have to make the career attractive. Actually, if a woman is in service, I feel that she recognizes it is an attractive career. Yes, but the point is to get them to the point of getting over the hurdle and getting into the service. Isn't that the case? Well, Larry, what we try to do is stress the opportunities of furthering our education, the opportunity to travel. Not only that a woman can have a satisfying career, but in addition, she can contribute service to her country. You've smartened up that uniform since World War II. Well, yes, we have. It's a very attractive uniform. Something has been done about that and also the hat that you wore when you came in here. Well, I tell you what we've done, Larry. We've gotten rid of the tie, such as the one you're wearing right now. We feel more comfortable with the small collar and not having the tie on the high shirt, such as you wore. I see. We learned by degrees what I would say that what type of uniform was more comfortable. I think you will recall we started with the hobby hat. Yes, I remember that. And hat. It's much softer, more feminine looking hat. And you still have prominent designers doing these things? Hattie Carnegie designed our present uniform, yes. Well, in other words, it is possible for a woman to be in service, to be military and ship shape. May use an old expression as well as feminine. Well, I think so. Couldn't you say so? I think you have proved that. What are a woman's chances for advancement and commission say as compared to a man's in the army? Just as good or not so good or better? There again, it depends upon the individual. Any enlisted woman, if she qualifies, can become an officer or a college graduate, can apply for a reserve commission and concurrent call to active duty. What do you find women like to do best in the army? Some prefer the medical field. X-ray, work, laboratory, work. Others prefer communications. Would it be in that order of those two the most popular? I was going to say, what do they do best? That's what they like best. What do they do best though? Depends upon their aptitude. What do you think women are best suited for in the army though? Well, I wouldn't restrict that to the armillary. It all depends upon the individual again. And I think that more and more we realize that when we speak of man power, we do include woman power because there is a critical shortage. In other words, life of women in the army is no different from the opportunities also that exist or the things they can do in civilian life. No, I would say not. And I think that the past few years have shown that women are becoming more and more prominent in government. Well, I'll turn the counter away and ask you this question, speaking about women becoming prominent in government. Now, I don't want to make any comment about women in government, but does the army actually change women, would you say? Do you think it hardens them? Does it make them more masculine? You're self excused, of course. No, I would say that first of all, I would say that a young woman character is developed before she enters the army. Now, I mean a young woman's character is already formed when she enters the service. Her character is developed. We encourage her to develop and become self-reliant. And we try all we as much as possible by example and precept to make her an outstanding citizen. Make her recognize her citizenship responsibilities, her responsibilities as an individual and as a woman. What is the presence of women in the army due to the masculine side of the army? Yes, I'd like to ask you that. Does it have an effect on the morale of the men? Are women possibly troublemakers or do they make the men feel as though they're in a more home-like atmosphere? Well, being a woman, I would say that we have a stabilizing influence. Stabilizing such as, can you be more specific? Well, at the present time, I don't think that, well, I would say men accept women in service. We aren't new. Ten or twelve years ago was a little different. But now they realize that women do have a place in service and we work side-by-side with the men. Pretty much as there would be in any other field. Colonel Galloway, if I may bring up a rather touchy subject in some quarters. I was in Korea last year when our army was in combat over there and I know you're a veteran of World War II. One of the things that amazed me most was the new sight of our army and the absence of segregation in it. In World War II, as you remember, the army was almost completely segregated up until the last battles, the battles of the Bulge and the Ardennes. But in Korea now, the army is completely non-segregated and I just wondered if your women's army corps followed the same pattern as our modern army now. Is there segregation in the women's army corps? When you speak of non-segregation in Korea, Larry, I hate to correct you, but I have to. There is no segregation in the army. That's exactly what I was referring to. That's right. But what about the women's army corps? There is no segregation. Actually, we don't even think of it anymore. You follow exactly the same patterns and you mix colored wax with white army troops in various military installations? All of our women live in the same billets, work side by side. Have you found this to be a successful method? Very satisfactory. We're proud of all of our women in service. Incidentally, I was in Korea too last year and visited the Korean army. We have a counterpart in the Korean army. You mean American women in the Korean army? No, the Korean army has a whack counterpart. Oh, from the things that they've picked up you. Well, may I ask you, though, finally, Colonel Galloway, what would you say? I think all women are interested in Korea. What opportunities actually exist for women in the army? Are they equal to those of men? Can they get married? Would you say? They not only can, they do. But would you say that the opportunities to rise in the army are as good for women as they are for men? Every bit is good. Every opportunity. We are in the same career field. Actually, the women in service serve in 19 of the 32 career fields. In case of outright war, we serve in 27 of the 32 career fields. We serve in any type of duty that is culturally acceptable to the American people. Of course, we do not serve in combat. Well, thank you very much, Colonel Galloway. We salute you, Don and I. The opinions expressed on the Laun Jean Chronoscope were those of the speakers. The editorial board for this edition of the Laun Jean Chronoscope was Larry LeSir and Don Hollenbeck. Our distinguished guest was Colonel Irene O. Galloway, director of the Women's Army Corps. When next you buy a watch, either for yourself or as an important gift, in all probability, your jeweler will show you models of almost every make of watch that you can name at Laun Jean prices and even higher. Now, what's your best buy in this situation? Let's try and find out. 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