 Carlos Chagas discovered American tropanosomiasis, C.D., in his honor, also named in his name, just over a century ago. He described the clinical aspects of the disease, characterized by its etiological agent, tropanosoma cruzi, and identified its insect vector. Initially, C.D. occurred only in Latin America and was considered a silent and poorly visible disease. This article was authored by Carita Claudia Fratis-Lidani, Fabiana Antonis Andrade, Lorena Bavia, and others.