 Hello learners, I welcome you to this audio visual program on the topic note making which is included in the course foundation course in English PA first semester. This is the second part of the video on this topic. In this video, we are going to deal with the format of note making. You have already been acquainted with the meaning of note making, its difference from note taking and various reading activities like scheming and scanning which are required in note making. We are aware that note making requires us to transfer the information to another phone. Let us then look into the objectives of this video. The main objectives of this video are to discuss the techniques of note making as a part of study skills to explain the format of note making. We are to keep in mind the following points while making notes. If you are reading a long text, an essay for example, your first task will be to chunk into meaningful parts. It is possible that the text may begin with an introduction and end with a conclusion. In between, there may be two or three points in which the thematic concerns are taken care of. For each major division, supply suitable headings and give large roman numbers one, two, three, etc. Number two, for each heading and subheading, it is not necessary to use complete sentences. Firstly, you identify the topic sentence of each chunk or section and condense the information into brief, clear and crisp words and phrases. Number three, omit illustrations and examples if you think that they are not important. Number four, organize the condensed information in a suitable format. Depending upon the concepts of the passage article essay, choose a suitable format. In order to explain the format of note making, the following passage can be taken into consideration. It is an extract from Margaret Mead's What Women Want. Women in our society complain of the lack of stimulation, of the loneliness, of the dullness of staying at home. Little babies are poor conversationalists. Husbands come home tired and sit reading the paper and women who used to pride themselves on their ability to talk, find on the rare evening they can go out that their words clot on their tongues. As the children go to school, the mother is left to the companionship of the fridge and the washing machine. Yet, she can't go out because the delivery man might come or a child might be sent home sick from school. The boredom of long hours of solitary, one-sided communication with things, no matter how shining and streamlined and new, descends upon her. Moreover, the conditions of modern life, apartment living and especially the enormous amount of moving about, all serve to rob women of neighborhood ties. The better her electric equipment, the better she organizes her ordering, the less reason she has to run out for a bit of gossipy shopping at the corner store. The departmental stores at the moving picture houses cater to women alone on their few hours out. Meanwhile, efficient mending services and cheap ready-made clothes have taken most sensible busy work out of women's hands and left women still at home listening to the radio watching television. The above passage has a very clear structure. Let us now represent the information of the passage in a flow diagram as follows. The generalizations on one part and the reasons on the other hand. So, the generalization is women's dullness of staying at home and the reasons lack of interesting conversation, lack of companionship, lack of neighborhood ties, need to go out eliminated by modern appliances, sensible busy work eliminated by efficient services. If we are asked to make a note from the above passage, the following work out example will help us understand it better. The title of the note will be women's boredom. So, in Roman one we have put women's boredom of staying at home and under it we have included in numbers one, two, three, four and five, lack of interesting conversation where the subheading is babies are poor conversationalists and be husbands too tired to talk. Number two, lack of companionship, only company the fridge and the washing machine and be tied to home delivery man child sent home early and number three lack of neighborhood ties for example in subheading we have put too much work at home. Number four, need to go out eliminated by modern appliances and number five, sensible busy work eliminated by efficient service. Number under subheading we have put listening to radio and television. So, tips for note making you can use abbreviations in common use. You can make your own abbreviations. Standard abbreviations include KKHSU, GU, DEU, AHSEC, SEBA etc. You can create your abbreviations for example, ME for Minister of Education, AS for Assum Secretary etc. And number three, clipping longer words. For example, government we can use a dot like GOVT, department DEPT dot etc. The following are some of the common standard symbols generally used in note making approximately with because therefore or positive negative equal to not equal to parallel similar it follows that especially more than less than following compare most important resulting in as a result of change. Let us look at another passage. The human brain is spherical like a ball. It is divided into two halves called the two hemispheres. The right hemisphere controls the working of the left side of the body while the left hemisphere controls the right side. Furthermore, each hemisphere controls certain kinds of mental activity. In most people reasoning or logical thinking and the learning of mathematics and languages are controlled by the left hemisphere while the abilities in the arts and crafts and in music dance and spend are controlled by the right hemisphere. So, the note the title of the note will be human brain two hemispheres. So, under Roman one we have included left hemisphere controls and under Roman two we have included right hemisphere controls. So, under Roman one we have included number one right side number two reasoning number three logical thinking number four training of mathematics or logic and under Roman two right hemisphere controls we have included number one left side number two abilities in fine arts crafts sports etc. I hope this video has helped you in understanding the format of note making which is quite simple and requires certain reading activities like scheming or scanning to point out the controlling idea and the way the idea has been developed in a given passage. I would suggest you to attempt note making of the units of your course which will be helpful from examination point of view as of now. Thank you for watching this video.