 Now, Ted, is there like you said that there is the process of once the analysis comes back from the metabolomics, this multi-omics analysis with all this mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography and stuff like that, all this complicated technological equipment, they come back and all these numbered readouts, they're comparing, right, you gave this really good example. You said they're comparing the individual to the reference population. So the reference population is like thousands and thousands of people and the average is and then your individual is either in the red or in the, you know, on either of these two sides or in the screen. Yes. At that particular age. At that age too. At that age specific. At that age specific. Which is very important. Because for example, and this is an example that I give, you know, most people don't know that when you get the value of a thyroid hormone, they don't know what the reference range is just there. Either you're hypothyroid or hyperthyroid and you're given a range, right? That's an illness medicine range. What they didn't know that the way that got collected initially was that was the thyroid hormone levels of anywhere from three years old to 94 years old. So why should I rely on that particular data collection? Right? How am I going to optimize if that's a range? Yeah, that's good for illness, right? But it's not going to be good for optimizing health. You see, so you have to go to the optimal range when your body was physiologically supposed to be at its best. Yes. Yes. And then now teach us, teach us about this. So if there's, you know, let's take me 27, we give my continuous stool and urine samples and we're getting back this biometric metabolomic readouts. Now when we're, when your consult, like let's say you're consulting me as the client, right? This is again, this is way pre, this is health optimization. There's no, this is pre any, any suboptimal levels. Now let's say that when you get the readout back and you're analyzing it and you see that there's maybe the beginnings of a suboptimal level here, here. Now walk us through this process. How do you know what supplements for me or what physical interventions for me to go do? What nutrition, what sleep? How do you know these, yeah, specific things? Okay. Yeah. And now you're, you are now in the realm of lifestyle. That's why the other omics are in there, okay? So when, when I get it, I, I treat it exactly as illness medicine doctors would do it, right? It's like, okay, here's what you're deficient in, but I will move the entire network, not just one, right? You know that all of those, for example, there's the anti-oxygen regeneration network, right? It's vitamin E and there's, you know, lipoic acid and so, and the vitamin C and so on, they're, they're regenerated by one another. You cannot just erase one of those antioxidants without erasing other. So you have to have a knowledge of how these things are wired together. How the, how the chemistry is networked by the body, right? To, to regenerate its own antioxidants, for example. And you have to know which particular, which particular amino acids, you know, would be, for example, you are, you know, I see that you, you lack vitamin B6. Automatically, I should know that you probably are also suffering from some form of a mild depression or just feeling the blues, et cetera, because vitamin B6 is responsible for, is a cofactor in the generation of a serotonin neurotransmitter. So there's a lot of stuff that are fundamental that you should be knowing, you know, when, when you're making this, this protocol. So when you come to me, I look at that as a whole, right? It's not piecemeal. The difference that I do with illness medicine doctors is that, okay, I tell illness medicine doctors, here it is, here are the results. What they do is they try to just give everything you can't, right? Because you have to know which one is network to what. And that's your value as a health optimization doctor or practitioner. Is that the value you provide is you know all of that, right? Now you also know that these things are affected by nutrition. Your gut microbiota, for example, in this little 72 hours, you know, when you're eating, you traveled a different country and you're eating different food, your microbiota will change drastically, right? You know, it will change the way it's absorbing food, you know, it's like an ecosystem in there. Some of the species will grow more, some will grow less. When you're in Italy eating too much pasta, you know, then your carbohydrate loving organisms will overgrow. You know, so these are the kinds of things now that affect, right? So when you're like, for example, I had a patient, a client, in fact, the doctor who loved eating canned food, right? And even if thin is already banned in the canning process, you know, he's old enough to accumulate, you know, before the banning of thin, right? So you could actually see the thin levels, right? This is why I don't emphasize the genome. It's because the genome, you cannot see mercury toxicity in the genome. You cannot see cadmium toxicity in the genome. The farther you go away from the genome, right? So it's the genome, the proteome, and the metabolome. And transcriptome, genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, yeah. So the farther you get away from that, the more you get into the physiological and the environmental effects on it, right? And so now that's where the exposome comes in, right? The exposome is your total environmental exposure to things like, you know, to phototoxicity, the kinds of light that you use, right? You gave these examples in the talk, you used as your examples. You gave electromagnetic smog today is hundreds of times greater than 130 years ago, and 5G is coming around the corner. People have electromagnetic hypersensitivity, the stress on the living cells, disturbing immune systems, creating oxidative stress, inhibiting tissue repair. So that's this exosome. Yeah, that's the exposome. So the role of a health administration doctor is to identify, you know, what is it in your exposome that is beneficial or harmful to your health, right? Because part of your exposome is anagging spouse. Yeah. You know, the stress that increases cortisol. Yeah, it's part of it. And even, you know, they already showed that, you know, partners who sleep together where there's one partner snoring, they show that for each snore, you know, the cortisol spikes in the partner that doesn't snore. That's so interesting. You know, studies like this have already been done and they're fun, right? But the thing is they do have an impact on your health. Absolutely. The other thing. Or on the Rupert, on the Rupert-Shell Drake level, we could talk about it as like a morphic field in a sense. And we're right there next to each other, creating these exposomic interplays between one another. And there's no getting out of it. Yeah, yeah. I had a pleasure of actually meeting and speaking with Rupert Shell Drake in Vancouver off the coast of Vancouver at Cortez Island. He was a guest of one of my friends and in fact, my best friend in DC. And we talked about this morphic field theory and all that stuff. But for me, it's like, you know, how do you make it easy for people to remember, right? They know the genes and there's a genome, right? And so essentially your exposome, right, is that unit that refers to your environment, your total exposure to the environment. The genome is to your genes and your exposome is to your environment. May I? Yes. And I can give also a very brief genomics is what might happen. Transcriptomics is what appears to be happening. Proteomics is what makes it happen. And metabolomics is what is happening now or has happened. Like, I like. That's what's useful, right? I'm treating someone now. And so, yeah, I need what's happening now, right? And it's very influenced by, you know, I use metabolomics as a way to prove it right now. It's at the level of metabolome because it's what we can prove, right? It's what we can show objectively that here, here is what's improved, right? It's like, I don't rely on anything subjective, but usually, and the case is like, I'm feeling better, right? I'm feeling better or I feel so much better or some husbands would go, I'm only here because my wife told me so, then they would come six months later and they go, Dr. Ted, you know, I thought I was already feeling better, but I didn't know that it was possible to feel this way. So I tell them my goal actually in getting you here is to get you addicted to the feeling of wellness. So you know that when you get off balance, you know what it is that you're off balance, right? And you emphasize now like, you know, like simple lifestyle changes, right? You know, for example, you begin to explain the mitochondria, that they're bacteria inside your cell, you know, we call them organelles, but they're actually a bacterial origin, right? They have their own DNA, you know, we have an average of about 100 quadrillion of them in our bodies, you know, our red blood cells used to have them, but the mitochondria sacrifice themselves in order for you to have hemoglobin, right? So, and they power you up, right? They power you up. So you know that, you know, way before this intermittent fasting blah, blah, blah, 11 years ago, I was already telling my clients that, you know, 12 hours of not eating anything will allow your mitochondria to divide and regenerate, right? It's just like, it's just like having a kitchen that you give a break, right? You're cooking nonstop, you know, and if you keep on eating and eating, you know, we're a shameful species. We have a permission to eat, you know, 24 hours a day. Yeah. So, so if you just give it a rest of 12 hours, it will start regenerating. The amounts of people that have successfully shed 50 pounds or more off of their body by just fasting and burning fat for extended time. And it's actually really beautiful to train yourself at young ages to go on a day fast, two day fast, et cetera, and feel what it's like to burn fat rather than glucose. Right. They see, for me, it's like, now you're giving them a scientific basis for doing, you know, at least a intermittent fast. And besides, you know, Alan, it's easier for me, for example, oh, I'm going to change you. I eat. No, no, no, you can't. What can you promise me that you can do? They can promise me a commitment to the time that they eat. So I said, well, you know, first try a feeding window of, you know, 14 hours and then the next week reduce it to 12 hours and then 10 hours, you know, and then, you know. Yeah, exactly. You know, of like, you know, at eight hours, you know, that's your feeding window. I don't like to use fasting because fasting sounds deprimatory. Yeah, yeah, exactly. So you use your feeding window. And I usually tell them they can eat whatever they want, but then pretty soon they feel a lot better when they say, how else can I improve my nutrition? And then you introduce the concept of your microbiota, you know, your gut microbiota they weigh about, you know, two kilos in there. So there's a thousand of bacteria that have two million genes, two thousand genes each, two million genes, which is a hundred times more than we have human life. So that's that's pretty impressive. And the more important fact is that we now know that the gut, the gut is actually the largest immune system of the body, right? When I was in middle school, it was the bone marrow. Wow. You know, the gut because because it is the gut bacteria that's actually teaching what's foreign and not foreign, right? So so you see this this reports, right, case reports where or analysis where children born by cesarean section have a lot more allergies and immune problems because there's improper activation of their immune system. So I have some OBGYN enterprising OBGYNs who know about this. So they put a gauze on the mother's vagina and they do the they do the cesarean section and they put a gauze over the face just so that there would be an inoculation of the bacteria that was supposed to be there. Because what do we find? Right. And what do they find in analyzing these children's bacteria? They find the skin bacteria of the people who handle them first. Yeah, how messed up it's. Yeah, you know, it's supposed to be there, right? So. OK, what? Yeah. So there's this bionegetics is to mitochondria, you know, and then you could teach them about eating, which is microbiota and the gut immune system, and then we've spoken about exposo makes their lifestyle and then you tell them about their sleeping habits. Right? Yes. Yes. Yes. Sleep hygiene, because lack of sleep will actually cause memory problems. Huge pathology. The main thing that it causes evolution has learned this is that the first thing that it does for any insult in the body is to get inflamed. Whatever it is, it will activate your and your NF Kappa B, right? That's the that's the pathway that will that's a simple pathway that it will that it will do because, you know, it has it has the. The counter pathway to that to quality as well, right? So and we know that's the first thing that it does, right? So any any insult, you see your your inflammatory cytokines are coming up, these are molecules, you know, that that that that signify that your body is getting inflamed, even a simple high sensitivity, seroactive protein test, which will show you that, right? That your body is inflamed. Even if you're feeling good, et cetera, et cetera, you see your HCRP is rising, you know that there's stress somewhere. And then you look back and say, oh, my God, you know, I haven't been sleeping. I've been traveling for the past three days. I've been in different time zones and you see your HCRP shoot up, right? So these are the end you each time proper sleep hygiene and and so on. And, you know, for, you know, that you actually eat 200 calories more the next day when you lack sleep, right? Because the body feels that it's under assault. It needs more energy and evolutionarily. If the body says you need more energy, so you eat more, right? It's not it's not like having the munchies, but it's you actually tend to to eat more, right? And then and then, of course, this is this network's idea that you're talking about so deeply networks like that. Yeah, yeah, yeah. And it's at the cellular level, right? And the cells are talking to each other. That's why I say we're looking at the body as an ecosystem of cells. It's the hall of bayon perspective, right? It's a hall of bayon perspective where whereas in illness medicine, we look as individuals as part of a population, right? Because your your surgical technique has to work on the population or your antibiotic has to work on the population. No, we consider you as the population of organisms. Yeah, yeah. Your cells are bacterially derived. Yes, yes. And your somatic cell is a result of an aerobic bacterium and your mitochondria, which is an aerobic bacterium that has a symbiotic relationship in the past, right? So so that's the that's idea here. It's holonically layered. The human and then inside of us is all the complex. But then also outside of us is the civilizational influence. Yes, yes, and that's why when you're looking at health, it's impossible to look at you as a person. You have to look at you as a hall of bayon. You have to look at the human and everything inside and everything in the civilization outside, all harmoniously affecting the organism. Yeah, yeah, yeah. In fact, part of your exposome is that you get the immediate bacteria, viruses, etcetera around here. Absolutely. So right now, you know, coronavirus is part of our exposome. Yeah, yeah, yeah, there. But so so normally in your own house, we will have its own specific, you know, environmental bacteria, right? It's very interesting. You mentioned earlier something interesting, which is Aubrey DeGray's model. And I really love the guy and the way he thinks, right? As a biojournalist, but the model that he has actually lends itself really well to epigenetics, which is the last pillar, you know, we have seven pillars, right, of the optimization medicine. And the last pillar is the genetics. It lends itself really well because he says, like, here you are at a younger period, right? Say you're 21 to 30, your optimal range, right? And then at 30, your testosterone begins to decline. That's why I chose 30, right? Because this went to the testosterone because you begin to have to fall apart, right? And what happens then is that the chronic diseases begin to appear, right, diabetes, metabolic diseases, cognitive decline, you know, neurodegenerative diseases, they all begin happening, right? And then afterwards, it's a period of disease and then death, right? And he says, what if we could move the cells back to before the time that the chronic diseases appear? That means that the cells would be at a younger age, right? Yeah. And of course, you know, you already know about the Yamanaka factors, right? The Nobel laureate, Professor Yamanaka of Japan identified four factors that actually make cells younger. And the most recent, the most recent finding is that they can now actually make cells younger without erasing their identity, meaning they don't forget that they're muscle cells or they don't forget that they're cells. And that's just, you know, a recent advance. But now we're taking a look at can we? It's like the best metaphor that they use is actually quite ugly. It's like accumulating plaque on the teeth, right? It's your epigenome. And and then so your genetic expression gets affected. Like, for example, if you smoke and you have all this other bad habit, bad habits, you're, you're, you know, poorly methylated or whatever it is, toxic lifestyle they have, you know? And and you so when you remove that plaque, right, then you could move the cells back to the young great age. Now, can we do that? The big challenge is that can we do that now for the entire body, right? And so, you know, David Sinclair, you know, is now doing that for the eye, you know, can we reverse the retinal, the macular degeneration that occurs, right? So and they they found out that in in in their laboratory animals, they can do so in a close environment. So it's no longer it's not no longer a period for us. This is no longer an anti-aging period. This is now a period of age reversal. Yeah. Yeah. Rejuvenation to youthful homeostatic capacity. Yes. Yes. But, you know, it takes many years. You know, look, clinical, of course, they didn't catch didn't catch up with with medicine until now. Until, you know, I'm one of the people who's pushing, hey, these tests are not available. Yeah, yeah, yeah. We now can have a better dashboard by which to maintain health, right? Yeah. I love the dashboard. So good. That's why I never use the term disease prevention. That's also illness medicine crap, right? They look at populations. You know, that's why vaccines are within their per year. Oh, interesting. So basically the dashboard maybe in the last like hundred years has been slowly getting more and more variables popping up on it. And and now the idea is that there's there's like sometimes like clinical metabolomics can maybe put up a significant amount of variables that are really crystal clear and crisp. And the thing is, is that your role and a lot of the time, people's roles are to just grab people and say, hello, you can add 20 more variables to your dashboard. Now, please go do that for all of your clients as soon as possible. Stop waiting.