 Thank you very much. Thanks for coming. I'm going to talk a little bit how I got into the project. It's really John Walter and John McDonough's baby, and then I came in to kind of help finish it up. John Walter couldn't make it because he's dealing with some health problems. He's 88, 88, 88. I think he just turned 89 years old, so he couldn't make it up here. So basically, John Walter was a former chief of the map and geography division at the Library of Congress, and John McDonough was the historical manuscript historian at the Library of Congress. They retired in about 1998. When they were looking through some of the materials that were being used, found, they came across this one little journal about a teenage boy going with Commodore Perry to Japan, and as they started researching, as anybody used it as primary sources, they basically found that nobody who wrote biographies, just topics on Perry, no one used this diary. So they got together and asked the NHPRC to endorse the project, and of course they did, which basically means they put the stamp but they wouldn't give any money to them. So it's very nice that they gave the stamp of approval, and they started working on it. Unfortunately, both of them were a little older and they started having health problems. What they really wanted to do was finish it in 2001 for the anniversary. Both of them basically kind of just went downhill. John Walter had both of his eyes replaced. He also got a pacemaker, and John McDonough, who basically died in 2009, basically had the same health problems. So this project just did not go. So when in about 2000, well right before John McDonough died, John Walter was living near Salisbury University, and that's where I've been working. He approached a professor there asking, is there any way they could help them finish this project? I have a master's in history, master's in library science. I worked on the Thomas Edison papers in Rutgers University, which is a doctorate editing project, similar to basically these books, but we do larger scale. I also work for the papers of the War Department, 1784 to 1800. So I was used to looking at documents, transcribing, and editing it. So I basically said, yeah, sure, that'd be great. And as you can well see, we finished it up and we got it published. So basically the journal itself is very interesting. It's about a teenage boy's perspective. And because of the interesting lineage that he has as well, he is part of a group of important people, and he tags along, and he sees a lot of the things that are going on. His father, William, I say Speedon, you could say Spidey, William Speedon Sr., was a very distinguished sailor. He was part of the Wilkes expedition. There's an island named after him. He was a purser on that. So when they were figuring out about this expedition to Japan, he got tapped to be the purser for the Mississippi. So just like, you probably all have seen the U.S. Mississippi, but this is the U.S. Mississippi. And this is his father, William Speedon Sr. So while he's a 16-year-old boy, his father comes up to him and says, hey, do you want to go on a journey? And do you want to be the purser's mate on the U.S. Mississippi with me? Of course, you know, you want to go with your dad? Sure, why not? Let's have some fun. Well, little did he know, he's going all the way across the world and to experience one of the most important things that this nation has ever done, which is open up trade with such a closed society that only the Dutch were allowed to speak to them for the longest, longest time. So very cool. So basically, on November 8, 1852, from Baltimore, Maryland, after President Fillmore, Secretary of the Navy John P. Kennedy and the Maryland Governor Enoch Lowe gave their blessings, they sailed basically across the Atlantic. After a brief stop at Merdina, they arrived at the island of St. Helena on January 10, 1853. And while there, he gets off the ship and he does a little sight seeing. As probably a lot of you know, this is the island that Napoleon died. And so he walked up and it became a tourist attraction during this time period. This is 1852. You had to spend 25 cents to see the grave and 50 cents to walk through the house. So of course he pays. He's all excited. He has a group of his little friends. One of them actually jumps the fence, lays down on the grave to pretend he's Napoleon. The caretaker comes running out screaming at him and then starts telling them little stories about Napoleon himself. There was the fish pond where he could fish. He actually walked through the house which had a billiard room, a parlor, a dining room, and a bed chamber. Also there was a new house that was never built, never finished. So he was allowed to see that. So the first, basically the interesting thing about William Speed and Junior, and I assume a lot of the sailors that were on, they are excellent artists because how, of course there's, pictures are just becoming, are developing. So you need somebody who can sketch. So the top one is actually William Speedon. He drew that. And the bottom one was another gentleman that was with him. Let's see if this works. No. Hold on a sec. So as you can see the designs, you could really tell what the house, because I Googled, this is the digital age, the house looks just like that. And the graveyard, it's changed a little bit, but that's what it looks like. So after he gets back on the ship, they travel down to Cape Town and stay there for about 10 days. Well, what do you do? He jumps off the ship and he starts going through the town of Cape Town. During this time period, the British are fighting against the indigenous tribes. They call them the coffers. And that's basically, when I looked it up, it's the N word for these people. So, and that's, when you, when you read a little bit about the coffer chiefs, they're actually, this is like the worst name you could ever give an African. And this is what the, this is what the British believe they are. So the interesting thing about this, this is actually a transcription, but this is, I know there's a lot of words and I'll, but he, he actually describes some of the chiefs. He actually walks to a prison and he, he describes a chief, a C. Yolo, he's six foot one, three fourths, 35 or 36 of age, a powerful, strong man and about 200 pounds. His wife is four foot 19, very thin and puny looking. So in this, in his diary, he's going around and he's describing what these people are looking like. He has a chief counselor who doesn't really need to be there, but he wants to be with his chief. So he actually goes to prison with him and stays with him and his wife actually follows as well. So it's a, it's an interesting social aspect of the Africans where if your chief's in prison, I'm going to go to prison too. So that's just an interesting, back in the 1850s, how it is. He also described, he also tells about how the English are spending three to four million dollars to just get rid of these people. And the, the interesting thing is the, the Africans actually do a pretty good job except that the British just have better technology and basically weight them out and then takes over South Africa basically. So as he's also walking around again, he talks about the vegetation. There's peaches, pears, plums, grapes, bananas, apples. Oh, he also talks about a chief, a dilly with a withered leg. If they catch in the world end, they're putting 500 pounds on his head. So it's, he's a great, a grand scamp and strong effects is being made to capture him. And so he also draws what these people look like. Zulu Fisherman, the Bushman, Cooley, Makomo is another chief that's evading capture. And he actually, in his diary, he actually draws the poster and that's what the poster looks like. So it's, it's just fascinating how he's telling what's happening during this trip. And I didn't really, I came in, I'm American Revolutionary. So colonial and civil war basically. So I'm more American history. And so this is fascinating for me because I, for, for anybody to really find out what's going on. This African history, very fascinating. Today in academia, African history is being pushed to be taught. A couple of years ago was Latin American. And now they're trying to push African history. So I find this very fascinating. So as you can see, they go around the Cape and they go to Mauritius and they head towards China. The Mississippi basically continues across the Indian Ocean. And for a better part of a month, April 7th to May 4th, 1853, the Mississippi remains on the China coast. During which time, Speedon took a side trip by fast boat up to Pearl River to Canton. On April 21st, upon departing from the city, Speedon and his comrades had what he calls a jolly time firing crackers and sending off rockets. Leading to the conviction that the Chinaman must have thought we were a set of demons just let loose. So then on May 23rd, after the ships were scrapped and painted, the squadron sails to Napa in the Luchu Islands. And basically that becomes the headquarters for Commodore Perry. Trying to open up trade, you're also trying to find coal, provisions, clean water. So if we know we're coming from the Pacific, we want to make sure we have stopping points. Just like when they were going to the Atlantic over, you had to stop at Mauritius. You had to stop at St. Helena, Cape Town, to fuel up basically. So now they're trying to find, as you can see, they're scavenging around trying to find the islands that have coal because this is during the time period where our sailing ships are, although they do have sails, we're now moving into steam engines and coal engines in our ships. So we want to make sure we have the fuel. So remaining there through the end of June, the crew surveyed the coast land, explored the interiors and made and received formal and informal visits on board and on shore. By daybreak on July 2nd, cold and freshly provisioned, the Mississippi made the final approach to Japan. The first sighting of Japan came early in the morning of July 8th and four ships proceeded up to the Bay of Edo, which is basically Tokyo Bay. To the point opposite of the town of Yuraga, where they anchored at 4.30 p.m., there is immediate contact with the Japanese. And he basically writes, as soon as the Mississippi anchored, a number of Japanese boats came alongside several of them attempting to board us. Call away the first division of boarders and repelled them. They, after making a great many signs and endearing without success to put on board of us, the usual implications to foreigners to depart left us and went towards the shore, where they must have certainly have all come to the opinion that we were a queer sort of people. The boats also clustered around Perry's Susquehanna, the crew declaring it to be accustomed to do so. So supposedly the Japanese, if they see a new ship that's foreign, they all come running out. Now the boats they were using are what they call fast boats or they're very small boats. So you're thinking about our big, what we call the black ships. They're massive. Well, these little tiny little boats are coming around and they're just circling us. And so of course, Commodore Perry looks at him and goes like fleas get away from me. He's, during the whole journal, speed in actually just makes it sound like Perry is above all. And later on, he, when everything is finished, he believes that he should be the next president of the United States because of the accomplishment he did. So basically Commodore Perry signifies that this is not an American custom. And if all the boats were not away in 15 minutes, that he would not be responsible for the consequences. Speed in remarks, he took the hint, they took the hint and turned vermoosed. This visit was basically the beginning, which lasted only a few days. But basically they started posturing with each other to make arrangements so that Perry could deliver the president's letter of opening up trade, and as well as presenting Perry's letter of credence to make sure they know that he's the one that has the honor to present these letters. Finally, on July 14th, Perry went ashore for the first time and speed in was privileged to be included as a member of the Commodore's large and regal escort. They were met on the shoreline by the Japanese to a number of six thousand. It was an impressive scene because the Japanese were drawn up in a line along the border of the bay. Their front file exceeded over a mile and with their banners enumerable and blue and scarlet pennants presented the most beautiful appearance. When the bands from the Susquehanna and the Mississippi struck up Hail, Columbia, speed and said that it made the blood thrill in his veins. After the ceremonials were observed and the letter and his credentials were presented, it was agreed that Perry would return in the spring for formal discussions. So Perry squadron left on July 17th calling at Napa for several days before returning to Hong Kong. Over the next five months, the Mississippi remained in the Chinese coast during which time speed and celebrated his 18th birthday, thinking it not much of a, not really thinking much of it. And he noted that nothing of much interest had occurred although there was the Tappan rebellion happening nearby. During this time period the Chinese were having a little squabble and the Americans had to basically be on alert and Perry actually sent a couple of the ships to kind of help. So, but Perry remained intent to fulfill his mission, however as soon as possible sailed again to Japan once more by the way of Luchu. Early on the morning of February 13th, as the squadron approached Japan speed and was on deck and saw Mount Fuji, Fuji, sorry, in the distance all covered with snow. Soon after the American ships entered Edo Bay and shipboard visits from Japanese officials began anew. The Japanese emperor in response to Fillmore's letter concluded that Japan should not continue bigotedly attached to the ancient laws to do so would seem to misunderstand the spirit of age and it was time to conform to the necessity required. The earliest discussions on board the ship however were basically marred with debate over which site the treaty negotiations should be held. Of course, Perry wanted it in basically Tokyo where the emperor was. They wanted it back in oh I'm sorry I'll get to these later but basically they wanted back in Yoraga. So basically they chose basically a middle section Yokohama as going to be the place what they call the reception place. So I forgot to show these but while he was in China he sketched what some of the Chinese looked like and then while in Luchu he also sketched what the Luchuians looked as well and so this is where basically the Bay of Edo on the bottom is where Yoraga is and what he wanted and so what they wanted where you see Mississippi Bay that's where the treaty is going to be signed and as you can see we start Americanized some of the names of places the ports the islands you have American Anchorage so even back then we tried to make it our own so very interesting. So when preparations of the new site was finally completed on March 8th speeding was not fortunate enough to be included in the party to go shore but the chaplain on the Mississippi filled him in to all the accounts of the proceedings. Speeding recognized this was an important and great day. In the morning the nine American ships took the assigned positions with their broad sides brought to bear on the shore as you can see at the bottom. 27 boats bearing 500 members of the American treaty party marines and arms sailors and officers as well as three bands of music headed to the beach to wait for Commodore Perry to arrive on his barge and it was herald also by 17 gun salute as well by the Macedonian the reception oh and I basically blew it up so you could see a little bit more the reception assured involving the usual flurry of of drums and arms the the procession to the hall erected for the discussions and the exchange of gun salutes the elegance of the receiving rooms and the various ceremonies and the food and drink were all reported to speeden the first day of the conference ended in 330 and the Americans returned to their ships and speeden what optimistic about the about the outcome he basically remarks we think that the Commodore will get all that he reasonably asked for or expects at this time they seem to show every disposition to be accommodating and then the three sketches which grace greatly enhanced the the account of the first days the deliberations what was the sketch this sketch of the actual conference room which was drawn by uh aton portman who was a dutch interpreter during this time period as i was saying the dutch were the only ones that had any communication with with the japanese and so when when the americans or or anyone the british the russians as well the russians at this time i should i should mention the russians at this time were trying as well open a trade with japan and we were trying to beat the beat them at it um so um so if you had to talk to the japanese you had to get a dutch interpreter because the japanese had a dutch interpreter so basically it was a it was a three-party system and it's very interesting because how do people interpret what other people are trying to say so i bet it took very long time a very long time i bet it took a very long time to have the uh the conversations um so so basically anton apportment drew this uh where the the japanese are on the the right and the americans are on the left um and you have uh common or parry you have uh commander adams uh portman's in the middle you have uh commoners parry's son uh oliver parry and you have uh um sw williams who was another interpreter so uh that's the old that they were the only ones to negotiate the treaty so on march 17th parry went ashore again to continue the negotiations with some high prince who recently arrived from from yido another group from the squadron was also assured assembling some of the gifts that were presented to the japanese uh one of the one of the more remarkable was a miniature railroad consisting of an engine car and and and tender and the length of the track uh downstairs on the scroll um there's there's a drawing of the uh of the the railroad track and and another thing that they were also setting up was a telegraph line they wanted to show people uh the japanese oh there's a new form of communication as well as other little trinkets here and there but um basically uh speed and who had not seen it yet but had heard of it but was um basically it was a perfect piece of workmanship so and another noteworthy event was a banquet that was on board the the bahat in um which was tendered by parry uh basically to show uh hospitality he brought some of the japanese um uh officials to the ship and they had a little party well unfortunately uh one of the uh japanese officials got a little tipsy and he threw his arm around the commodore and placed his head on his shoulder and laughed and chatted at a great rate so it's it's interesting to see that um they can also let loose as well um basically um the the alcohol that they used was called old tom which was a cherry uh cordial and champagne so if you didn't have it before it probably really hits you and uh they were having a nice little time with that uh so basically uh speed and looks back um and and remarks that really the whole thing from beginning to end was no doubt a remarkable situation and we hope that americans and japanese will soon be on a lasting terms of friendship with each other and truly believe that the new era which is now about to take place in the history of japanese empire will be one that is far more greater change it will in which far more greater changes will occur than we have at this time any reason to anticipate and that too before many years has passed um on the following day perry met with the uh with the japanese to conclude the treaty arrangement and on march 31st the treaty was signed and this is a drawing that the japanese uh sketched about perry uh during that time period uh as you can see he's japanese now uh which i bet you guys didn't know um but it's very interesting to see how uh and you can see downstairs as well uh that they you like to what we call it uh americanized or angolized they japanese um the the figures so um so basically on uh on that day as i said before he was very excited and he basically said cometer perry should be the next president in united states and uh that he sketched that that was his sketch of cometer perry uh well not all the world be astonished to hear of our success of making the treaty with japan and a greater part of it to be attributed to the good and management of the commander in chief and that he let him to know that he's the candidate for presidency so just like war in general uh back in the olden days you know grant and and oh even eisenhower and all that kind of stuff um so it's it's interesting to see that even uh a young man again can think that the uh the commodore can be presented as well um on april 10th uh perry attempted to see the forbidden city of edo but um was basically um was turned back because the officials the japanese officials threatened harry carry if he and and and basically what he did was he saluted the emperor instead um in the days to follow the squadron began to disperse and um april 18th the the pohattan with perry aboard and the mississippi sailed to to the ports uh of uh uh schomodo schomoda and hako da te uh these words are um basically those were the two ports that opened up because of the treaty and they wanted to visit it and and make sure uh everybody knew who we were and all that kind of stuff also um perry also goes back to luchu the island of luchu and they also set up a compact uh with luchu so in this whole situation he opens up trade with japan but he also makes another port with the luchu luchuians as well which is uh uh very very interesting as when you look at when you look to see um what he needed to accomplish this was kind of like a side note you need to make sure that you wanted to uh open up trade uh on september 11th 1854 perry uh basically left and he traveled overland to america which we still don't understand why uh um he he leaves the his command and he goes across to germany basically he goes to to desden and the interesting thing about it he also brings with him the his flag lieutenant uh sylas bent who uh did a lot of the the surveys and uh john walter he's very interested about this about a couple months later in germany you see our charts pop up and so we're trying to figure out why germany why um i could understand maybe the dutch uh maybe england but why when he goes across does he stop in dresden and all of a sudden a couple months later the the charts that we uh in the surveys and all that kind of stuff we did they they come out of germany so it's a very interesting thing why you went across uh we're still trying to figure that out we might do a little article to try to figure that out so uh it's just a really interesting thing so basically after that uh speeding uh basically heads home uh stops over in hawaii uh before he hits hawaii they go through a typhoon and basically almost wrecks the mississippi but they they go to hawaii and then they they go to um california uh san francisco he has relatives there i they were going to port anyways the mississippi was heading there but then you find out that he has relatives there and he starts from november 21st to december 16th he reports what's going on in california he's going up to sacramento he's going to uh up the american river uh where the first uh gold rush was found uh he also has a tour with uh thomas larkin who uh was a us um uh council to the california republic and he he promoted basically back in that back in the time where california was uh they're trying to get california to be a state but they're not so they're basically what texas did they wanted to be a republic but then we basically we got them to be to be statehood um he wanted basically he was promoting what they called the bear flag uh revolt um and he was the signer of the original california constitution he basically has a tour with him and it's just an interesting thing where his father i guess is is so well known because of the the wilk's expedition that he has you know he's a little famous so his son follows his father and then he meets these pretty important people uh and explains that um he basically as you can see after that goes around south america and heads home back to to um uh oh and i have images of of hawaii that um he and another individual uh william henney drew uh hawaii and also san francisco this was a gambling house that he he went to um so basically the mississippi ends up in brooklyn uh navy yard and on april 23rd 1855 from 315 to 350 perry visited the mississippi for one last time two days before it was decommissioned um so that was his last time he ever saw the mississippi um speeding uh basically returns back to china in 1856 to be the the united states navy storekeeper at hong kong for health reasons he returns back to the united states in 1860 and then resumes his post back in 1861 um and then from 1870 to 1910 he's in charge of the coast wise entry and clearance desk in in brooklyn um he passes away in his uh in new york city august 20th 1920 and he basically is buried in uh greenwood's cemetery in brooklyn uh he's i i try to figure it out i think he's the second to last person to be alive uh during this exposition there was just one other person i could figure out um so what happens is he becomes a spokesperson for the perry expedition he writes a huge article in the uh japan and american uh in 1902 that that's basically during the time period where they're doing the celebration um he also goes around new york city and talks to garden clubs women's clubs uh churches on the subject of of the trade of the treaty of japan he also blasts people uh in the new york times if people were saying bad things about perry or the the japanese expedition um as you can see this basically this one here a word of protest from one who was with perry in 1853 and he wrote it to the editor of the new york times and then he you know signs it at the end a member of the perry squadron uh so basically there was an article basically saying this was was as horrible and he went to the defense of perry and and in america um so the other interesting thing about the speed in uh journal is what's called pith paintings there are over uh 29 of them and basically what pith paintings are i can figure it out they're like postcards uh chinese postcards um and the interesting thing uh with them is they're only three by four in size and painted with what's called watercolor and what's called gouache and when this mixture uh mixes up it makes it look 3d so he has these wonderful um uh postcards of china that he picked up so you got criminals you got the um imperial family but you can start seeing that they all look the same so as like postcards there's probably one person doing the same thing over and over again um oh this is the imperial family again um we got a chinese painter and uh the governor canton and his son and daughter but they all look the same um and then a showman uh and then here's some of their uh junks and and barges and then some uh scenic landscapes that they have and the the journal itself now is down in library the library of congress and when you actually look at them this doesn't do justice they are so bright and brilliant and and they just they come right out it's a wonderful um uh just wonderful artistic uh expression again um here's warriors um um the those are just the beggars or craftsmen so basically that's that's the parry expedition through the eyes of uh william speeden jr so thank you very much oh go ahead uh you know about the connection with new force with this whole family oh i've heard it yes okay yeah almost everybody has told me about it everybody let you know all about that anybody from the attorney church will let you know all oh yeah no and i found out um a couple months ago that that the black uh black ship uh festival which i didn't know existed which is very cool uh yeah no um i knew i knew he's from this area but i didn't know how the family is like rooted here i did not know that no uh well if you go there you'll notice there are placks up on the wall from matthew and another one yeah yeah no i um parry himself is is fascinating because he's um well just doing some research uh and also reading his memoir because you know he makes himself bigger than than everything but it's just he had a goal and he went for it and didn't care what the japanese wanted him to do now he was being a little flexible of course but even after he signed the treaty because that was the whole big thing about um uh tokyo yido um uh the the emperor who was a very young child uh i think 11 12 years old i think um they didn't want the emperor to come down so they basically said no no no we don't want anybody to come to the forbidden city and after he signed his his treaty as i said he went you know what i'm gonna visit and he went up there and they basically the the only reason why he stopped was because they were gonna try to blow him up you know they were going to do a suicide bombing on on the ships so so he very nicely just saluted him so uh but yeah he was interesting interesting character the treaty that was negotiated is called a treaty of kanagawa i notice you didn't mention that oh the oh um kind of it gets um passed over that's why uh in the journal i think yeah yeah because you uh well especially for the beginning of it um it's the chaplain so the chaplain's really just talking about the festival itself and what's happening doesn't really because only those five people were in the treaty now in the book um i believe i do put uh in the appendix uh the writings um same thing with the the compact of luchu as well um also the interesting thing about the journal which i didn't really talk about because there's so much to talk about is that um he also uh writes kind of verbatim what the log book is saying with the mississippi so if there's nothing really interesting happening he just copies right off the log book you know we saw a whale we saw this that kind of stuff so that's that's an interesting thing about the um the journal itself as well is that you see one person dies one person gets injured uh they had to throw away three barrels of pickles because it went bad that kind of stuff so very interesting and then also the general orders as well or is in the book as well too yeah yeah okay were there any lethal uh altercations between the parry party and the japanese no but with uh luchuians yes uh william board uh basically i think he got drunk try to rape a a woman and the luchuians came out and stoned and drowned him so and so what happened is they found out that parry basically goes berserk and he goes you know you're touching an american kind of thing but then they find he finds out what why why they did it because the the way in board he got a little bad and so yeah so that's the only thing that i know um in the journal itself um interesting thing as well is um in luchu there's actually uh an american burial uh graveyard uh because the grandson of is the grandson of uh john adams he dies during the um during the trip and he's actually buried uh in luchu i'm trying to remember uh his name but yeah so but i that's the only thing that i remember there's another time where he sent ships out because there were pirates so he sent one of the ships out to stop the pirates from harassing people that kind of stuff but the only like real confrontation was was that that he mentions is william board yeah and so so even with the well the the the compact of luchu they actually in the in the compact say you can't touch our people if something goes wrong you have to bring them on board and then we deal with them our way and if we deem that he needs to be back to the to the to the inhabitants then we'll do it but you don't take the law in your own hands so yeah yeah we're sure you mentioned that carlo ferrari uh left his his flyship and and traveled over land yeah he traveled where did he where did he start that journey and oh and also is there uh are there any writings about ferrari that uh as far as his intent in germany uh was that unexplored or is it well um in his memoirs he doesn't say anything he just basically says he leaves um and he and he goes overboard uh over ground over land um but no and that's what bewildered john walter because he because of being the chief of of the maps and and geography division he doesn't know why germany months later has these maps um now sylas bent it was one of the key people that did the surveys and that kind of stuff but why germ why germany we don't know why germany uh that's and so we'd like to look into it yeah um oh yeah well that's uh that's one looking up i forgot to yeah oh read the book yeah no it goes like the the suey canal i have it i have it written down here it's in an end note um but yeah yeah no i because i i figured out um like what was his trip unless you unless that the major um because most of them were going out to see about the islands surveying all the islands around all the coastlands um but when the only the only time they really got together was the big ceremony time where they had to be broadside so we could see you know show our strength basically so yeah oh i gotta find it i i always like it because i because this was when i took a long time oh go ahead how about your ships when uh leave when you return oh well major ones it was it was seven seven but then you also had the uh the store ship and all that kind of stuff yeah no there was the um it's a susquehanna the the saratoga the um uh mississippi uh mesedonian uh the bohatten and i'm missing two others but yeah read the book yeah go ahead yeah power structure in japan not that um but the interesting thing was when when parry did come up and say i want to talk to the big boss uh the little um basically the we called the governors they all came out and said we're it and he goes no no no that's not it uh so he knew that there was this this forbidden emperor that no one was supposed to see and they actually um um well truthfully well in the book one person comes out says he's the big boss and he goes no you're not it so then another person comes out says i'm the big so there was this big chain of of the high priest uh high prince that they were just kept going going going until he said i want to see your emperor and they said no you're not allowed to so then the the one closest which i think it was the uncle of the emperor he comes down and he talks to commoner parry so yeah but there's not really that much uh discussion about um well how the the the structure is made like the fiefdoms that kind of stuff they don't really talk about that kind of stuff so yeah yeah i call it's fief i say it's not really fiefdoms but it's that kind of the end of the show yeah yeah i try this is going to kill me that i can't go ahead dutch and chinese i forgot to mention the chinese too but no he he didn't have that he he no no reversed that um he did have one but then he picked up another one in china and that was uh portman uh yeah that i know of i would assume you know there was because you had the dutch you have the chinese so yeah just go it was parry at the uh washington conference of 1852 because i know there's a lot of resentment against the british when you asked about why yeah that's the british it's the uh primaridian and just guys you can go out there if you can see that no i don't know i don't know i don't know sorry okay financed and the commoner very yet individual rewards for success or did he oh i mean he got rewarded um well financing wise it's it's this is what philmore wanted so president philm well this would be even before philmore um they were talking about this but philmore he wanted open up trade with japan so it probably came from from the president that the financing happened um i'm trying to think of um i do not know what kind of awards are uh that kind of stuff that he got but i assume he did i mean uh i didn't live too long afterwards well yeah i lived until 1878 yeah so we've had too much time to receive too many accolades to live on it but yeah that's your man yeah so i didn't know that yeah i was going to mention this i buried that over here locally in the local cemetery oh okay all right matthew okay father and the mother and the old gang yeah who pre-deceased you oh cool they were buried um can you could you read it yeah it was like the pen like the peninsular yeah oh i was stopped in germany remember it was october fest for the whole time yeah and that's yeah no oh yeah no probably well not well back in those days no one of the things yeah on time put me is he uh goes on to he goes back and also and becomes a liaison for the american company so the american business yeah um but he was a dutch right yeah he was a dutch interpreter so he was a dutch interpreter oh sure you know and also be and um uh and just with all the the the drawings and everything a lot of them come from him and william um hind uh those are the two big ones uh they actually do during this time period they're doing um glass negatives and they they um a lot of that stuff well a lot of the the glass negatives got lost but yet the the drawings from the glass negatives still exist and yeah so that's another thing there's so there's so much oh no it's it's china it's right before they go to the pacific what was it yeah yeah he went across europe in asia well what was it was it was uh susan it yeah the canal okay here you go so it's uh yeah so well there's nobody it's the the it's the peninsula and then and then he goes to vienna dresden berlin and then holland uh 231 uh note number 22 now the train was involved in the establishment of the train in china or in japan rather from yeah uh tokyo to iokohama so they didn't have trains or anything there was no train when they took over that gift for the number that was the first introduction for that and then university it has a website for anybody that likes to really delve around on the computer if you go to their asian studies at brown university they have a wonderful collection they have another set of the black ship scrolls like we have downstairs plus they also have a lot of photographs and you can see a lot of pictures that they they have that we don't have in our collection um from the uh anna sk brown um yeah and sk brown library over there she has a wonderful collection of them like that that's it that's how many 34 of the hate that it is so it's a beautiful collection so if you really like to see that so i would first say go on to the website those are the ones locally but anyway thank you very much thanks yeah and there's a lot more in the the book that you can cover i mean there's he yeah so if if you want to give me royalties my book my the book and the books are on sale yeah in the bookstore so if i like but no so thank you all for coming and we'll see you next